Ultrastructure and Histochemistry of the Ovule, Fertilization, and Formation of the Zygote in a Tropical Acacia Hybrid (Acacia mangium Willd. × Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.)

Abstract Kraft pulps from acacia hybrid, Acacia mangium of 8 years old and Acacia auriculiformis of 6, 8 and 10 years old were pre-treated with oxygen, peroxyformic acid and acid treatment prior to bleaching. The kappa number reduction was 52–63 % by oxygen delignification, 31–35 % by peroxyformic acid (PFA) pre-treatment and 11–13 % by acid pre-treatment. Oxygen delignified pulp required less chlorine dioxide charge to reach target brightness. At the consumption of 30 kg ClO2/ton of pulp, the pulp brightness reached to 65–71 % for the untreated pulp, 81–85 % for the oxygen delignified pulp, 81–82 % for the PFA treatment and 79–80 % for acid pre-treated pulp. COD load in bleached effluent was much lower in oxygen delignified pulp. Cold alkali extraction of unbleached and oxygen delignified pulps was also carried out with varying alkali charge to remove hexenuronic acid (HexA) from the pulp. Xylan removal from the pulp was insignificant and resulted in no removal of HexA. Acid pretreatment removed 55.7 % to 17.8 % HexA from acacia hybrid, 57.5 % to 16.3 % from A. auriculiformis of 10 years and 58.6 % to 20.1 % from A. auriculiformis of 6 years old, resulting in improved final pulp brightness.

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Tingkat Kesamaan Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, dan Hibridnya Berdasarkan Sifat Anatomi Akar, Batang, dan Daun

Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan ◽

10.22146/jik.40160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 234

Author(s):

Sri Sunarti ◽

Visda Fitriana ◽

Suharyanto Suharyanto

Keyword(s):

Similarity Index ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Hybrid Vigour ◽

Great Probability ◽

Freehand Technique ◽

Acacia Hybrid ◽

Pulp And Paper Industries ◽

Leaf Clearing

Persilangan antara Acacia mangium dan Acacia auriculiformis akan menghasilkan hibrid akasia, baik secara alami maupun buatan. Seperti induknya, jenis hibrid akasia dikembangkan untuk mendukung ketersediaan bahan baku industri pulp dan kertas. Secara morfologi, A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, dan hibridnya (A. mangium xA. auriculiformis) dapat dengan mudah dibedakan pada tingkat semai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesamaan antara A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, dan hibridnya berdasarkan perbedaan struktur anatomi mikroskopis pada akar, batang/ranting dan daun (filodia). Sampel akar, batang/ranting, dan daun (filodia) dibuat preparat semi permanen menggunakan teknik free-hand dan hasilnya diamati dengan image raster dan leaf clearing. Parameter yang diamati adalah ukuran jaringan penyusun akar, batang/ranting, dan daun(filodia) serta hubungan kekerabatan antara A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, dan hibridnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara A. mangium dan A. auriculiformis mempunyai tingkat kesamaan sebesar 55,26% dan hibrid A. mangium xA. auriculiformis mempunyai tingkat kesamaan dengan induk betina (A. mangium) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan induk jantan (A. auriculiformis), yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 60,53%-65,78% dan 52,63%-63,16%. Hibrid vigor mempunyai kekerabatan lebih dekat dengan hibrid intermediet dibandingkan dengan hibrid inferior, yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 78,95% dan 68,42%. Kemungkinan untuk mendapatkan hibrid unggul dengan persilangan dapat ditingkatkan dengan memilih pohon induk betina yang lebih unggul.Similarity Index among Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, and its Hybrid Based on the Anatomical Properties of Root, Stem, and LeafAbstractCrossing between Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis will result Acacia hybrid whether naturally or artificially. Acacia hybrid, as its parents, was developed to support pulp and paper industries. Morphological characteristics of leaves among A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, and its hybrid (A. mangium x A. auriculifomris) were easily differentiated on nursery stage. This study was done to observe the anatomy of root, stem, and leaves of A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, and its hybrid for assessing their similarity. The samples of leaves, stems, and roots were made into semi-permanent object using freehand technique then the results were assessed using an image-raster and leaf clearing. The observed parameters were the anatomical structure in the root, stem, and leaves tissues as well as similarity index among A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, and its hybrid. The result showed that the similarity between A, mangium and A. auriculiformis was 55.26% and its hybrid were closer to A. mangium than A. auriculiformis with similarity index of 60.53%-65.78% and 52.63%-63-16%, respectively. Hybrid vigour showed a closer similarity to intermediate hybrid than inferior hybrid with similarity index of 78.95% and 68.42%. It is a great probability to obtain hybrid vigour by selecting good mother-trees due to the similarity index between hybrid and its mother tree.

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Phenolics content and antioxidant activity of wood extractives from three clones of Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis)

Maderas Ciencia y tecnología ◽

10.4067/s0718-221x2021000100428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

Author(s):

Brandon Aristo Verick Purba ◽

Sri Sunarti ◽

Ganis Lukmandaru

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Wood Extractives ◽

Acacia Hybrid ◽

Phenolics Content

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Isolation and characterization of CCoAOMT in interspecific hybrid of Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium - a key gene in lignin biosynthesis

Genetics and Molecular Research ◽

10.4238/2014.september.5.7 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 7217-7238 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S.L. Pang ◽

S.S. Ong ◽

H.H. Lee ◽

Z. Zamri ◽

K.I. Kandasamy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Hybrid ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Lignin Biosynthesis ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Isolation And Characterization

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Characterization of natural provenances of Acacia mangium Willd. and Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. in Malaysia based on phenotypic traits

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/82/2016-jfs ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 562-576

Author(s):

Asif Muhammad Javed ◽

Dorairaj Deivaseeno ◽

Wickneswari Ratnam

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Association Mapping ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Homogeneous Population ◽

Stem Straightness ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Planting Materials

Acacia mangium Willdenow and Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunningham ex Bentham and their hybrid have become important planting species in Malaysia. Due to their high demand and consumption, development of high quality planting materials is desired. Conventional breeding of Acacia Miller is slow but the utilization of marker-assisted selection breeding can expedite the breeding process. Markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) required pedigreed populations whereas association mapping can be used directly on diverse germplasm. This study was conducted to screen provenances of A. mangium and A. auriculiformis of different geographical origins for their performance under the Malaysian environment. A. mangium exhibited superior traits compared to A. auriculiformis. More trait variation was observed within and between provenances of A. auriculiformis. Provenances from Queensland (QLD) were superior to those from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Northern Territory. The best performing provenance with all three superior traits was from Claude River QTL of A. mangium and the worst was Bensbach Western Province, PNG belonging to A. auriculiformis. For individual traits like DBH, Morehead, PNG was superior. For plant height, Morehead, PNG was the superior provenance for A. mangium and Morehead River, QLD was from A. auriculiformis. For stem straightness the A. auriculiformis provenance Jardines Garden, QTL was superior to West of Morehead (PNG) for A. mangium. Multivariate analysis grouped provenances together based on similar traits and genetic similarity. These provenances can be used for seed families which can be treated as a homogeneous population for association mapping or for the development of segregating hybrid populations for Acacia breeding. For the purpose of utilization, provenances of A. mangium can be used for sawn timber. For fuelwood and charcoal industries, A. auriculiformis provenances should be preferred by selecting multi-stemmed trees. The most variable provenances with superior phenotypic traits can be integrated with the genotypic data e.g. single nucleotide polymorphism markers for association mapping to identify quantitative trait loci for marker-assisted breeding.

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Contribution of Small-Scale Acacia Hybrid Timber Production and Commercialization for Livelihood Development in Central Vietnam

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11121335 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1335

Author(s):

La Thi Tham ◽

Dietrich Darr ◽

Jürgen Pretzsch

Keyword(s):

Gini Coefficient ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Substantial Contribution ◽

Small Scale ◽

Timber Production ◽

Timber Species ◽

Model Average ◽

The Gini Coefficient ◽

Acacia Hybrid

Forming a backbone of the wood supply in Vietnam, approximately 50% of plantation areas are managed by individual households. Of the planted species, the Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. × Acacia mangium Willd) hybrid is one of the most preferred by timber growers. Yet, information on the potential of this timber species for rural livelihoods is lacking. Taking Nam Dong and Phu Loc districts in Thua Thien Hue province as case studies, this paper aimed to explore the (i) characteristics of small-scale Acacia hybrid timber producers; (ii) contribution of Acacia hybrid timber production and commercialization to rural livelihoods; and (iii) socio-economic and contextual factors which determine the income from Acacia hybrid timber. We applied a mixed-methods approach including review of secondary data, interviews of 26 key informants, eight focus group discussions, direct observations and a survey of 300 Acacia hybrid producer households selected through multistage and purposive sampling. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using thematic, descriptive and inferential statistics, such as variance analysis, correlation analysis and Bayesian model average (BMA) analysis. The results demonstrated the diversity of socio-economic characteristics, resource access and management as well as determinants of timber income of small-scale timber producers between the cases. Accounting for 33–56% of total household income, Acacia hybrid timber plantations played a crucial role in the current livelihood system. Nevertheless, timber income was skewed toward the wealth status of timber producers and ranged between 327 USD/household and 3387 USD/household in Nam Dong and between 397 USD/household and 9460 USD/household in Phu Loc district. Despite the substantial contribution the income from Acacia hybrid plantations could make to local poverty reduction, it was the main contributor to the overall income inequality. While this income source reduced the Gini coefficient by 1% in Nam Dong, it increased the Gini coefficient by 18% in Phu Loc district. Our study can be of interest for further policy interventions focusing on sustainable reforestation and livelihood development in Vietnam.

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