Growth and Development in Range Grasses. I. Early Development of Bouteloua curtipendula in Relation to Water Supply

1941 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Olmsted
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Bouteloua Curtipendula ◽  
Range Grasses

scholarly journals 'n Heilige, algemene kerk

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Nicene Creed ◽  
The Church

A holy, universal church. The Nicene Creed and the  Apostolicum went through different processes of growth and development. In the early development of both creeds, it is noticeable that articles about ‘the church’ are absent. In this contribution the creeds are examined in terms of their development, the inclusion of the articles on the church, their reception during the 16th century Reformation as well as difficulties in the official Afrikaans translations. It concludes with a short exposition of the Apostolicum’s article on the church (sanctam Ecclesiam catholicam).

The axr6 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana define a gene involved in auxin response and early development

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hobbie ◽  
M. McGovern ◽  
L.R. Hurwitz ◽  
A. Pierro ◽  
N.Y. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Arrest Growth

The indolic compound auxin regulates virtually every aspect of plant growth and development, but its role in embryogenesis and its molecular mechanism of action are not understood. We describe two mutants of Arabidopsis that define a novel gene called AUXIN-RESISTANT6 (AXR6) which maps to chromosome 4. Embryonic development of the homozygous axr6 mutants is disrupted by aberrant patterns of cell division, leading to defects in the cells of the suspensor, root and hypocotyl precursors, and provasculature. The homozygous axr6 mutants arrest growth soon after germination lacking a root and hypocotyl and with severe vascular pattern defects in their cotyledons. Whereas previously described mutants with similar developmental defects are completely recessive, axr6 heterozygotes display a variety of morphological and physiological alterations that are most consistent with a defect in auxin physiology or response. The AXR6 gene is likely to be important for auxin response throughout the plant, including early development.

scholarly journals PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENTAL GROWTH IN BEGONIA × TUBERHYBRIDA

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1144G-1144
Author(s):  
Meriam G. Karlsson ◽  
Jeffrey W. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Short Days

Plants of Begonia x tuberhybrida `NonStop Orange', `Clips Orange' and `Musical Orange' were exposed to 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks of short days initiated at 4 stages of plant development (immediately upon germination, 5 weeks after germination, 10 weeks after germination and 15 weeks after germination). Prior to and succeeding short days, plants were exposed to a day length of 16 hours at 100 μmol·m-2s-1. Short days were 9 hours at an irradiance level of 180 μmol·m-2s-1 to give the same total daily irradiance (5.8 mol· m-2day-1) as long day conditions. The temperature was maintained at 21° ± 4°C during the day and 18° ± 2°C during night. The observed growth and development responses were similar among the studied cultivars. During the period of 4 to 8 weeks after germination, the seedling height increased at an average rate of 0.7 mm day-1 for plants grown under long days and 0.3 mm day-1 for short day plants. The photoperiodic conditions did not affect the number of emerging leaves. The root development was more proliferate on plants allowed to develop under long days compared to plants exposed to short days during early development.

Effects of salinity on the survival, growth and development of tadpoles of the brown tree frog, Litoria ewingii

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha Chinathamby ◽  
Richard D. Reina ◽  
Paul C. E. Bailey ◽  
Belinda K. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

We investigated the effects of 4% seawater (sw), 8% sw, 12% sw and 16% sw (1.4 g NaCl L–1, 2.8 g NaCl L–1, 4.2 g NaCl L–1 and 5.6 g NaCl L–1, respectively) on survival, mass and development of larvae of the brown tree frog, Litoria ewingii. Salinity of 16% sw significantly decreased survival of tadpoles such that 39% of tadpoles in 16% sw treatment survived to metamorphosis compared with 92% in the control group (freshwater). Growth (mass) of 16% sw tadpoles (0.048 g ± 0.005 g) slowed significantly during early development compared with control tadpoles (0.105 g ± 0.004 g); however, there was no significant difference in final metamorphosis mass between 16% sw (0.192 g ± 0.008 g) and control tadpoles (0.226 ± 0.006 g). Time taken to reach metamorphosis was greater for 16% sw tadpoles (84 ± 1.8 days) than for control tadpoles (55 ± 0.84 days). Tadpoles at salinity concentrations of 4% sw, 8% sw and 12% sw were significantly heavier than control tadpoles at metamorphosis. Our results show that moderate levels of salinity (16% sw) are sufficient to significantly reduce survival and retard development of tadpoles of L. ewingii.

Early Development of Johnsongrass

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menashe Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Single Node

Tillering, flowering, and rhizome formation of johnsongrass(Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.) started approximately 2 months after planting seeds or single-node rhizome fragments in the warm season. The minimum temperature for rhizome formation was between 15 and 20 C. Inflorescences were produced only from May to November. No causal relationship was found between flowering and rhizome formation. The bud activity of new rhizomes, as assessed by sprouting of single-node fragments, ranged between 48 and 100%. Sprouting was nil at 10 C, slow below 20 C, and maximum at 28 C. Seed germination required a temperature about 10 C higher than rhizome sprouting. While the initial leaf production of seedlings was more rapid than on plants produced from rhizomes, other differences in growth and development between seedlings and rhizome plants were of only limited practical significance.

scholarly journals Energized Bio-Green Water Supply Stimulated the Growth and Development of Green Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 668d-668
Author(s):  
Wol Soo Kim ◽  
Seung Koo Yang ◽  
Gee Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Green Color

The energized water, Bio Green Water (BG water) was manufactured through a series of processes: tap water, purification, adding catalysts, spectra energy imprinting, filtering, BG water. BG water was supplied at four times at 3-week interval to the bench soil of green peppers (`Nokwang') in the plastic film house. BG water-treated green pepper showed the reduced plant highs compared to the control, although there were no difference in the number of nodes and leaves between the BG water treatment and the control. This was attributed to shorter internode length by the treatment. The BG water treatment significantly increased fruit weight, length, and diameter and decreased abnormally curved fruit. The treatment also increased harvested fruit numbers and yields outstandingly. Postharvest, the green peppers harvested from the treated plants were not changed in green color; however, fruit in the control were gradually discolored to dark brown.

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