Histochemical Study of Enzyme Activity in the Shoot Apical Meristem of Brassica campestris L. During Transition to Flowering. III. Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase and 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Transition To Flowering

THE INFLUENCE OF ADRENALECTOMY UPON THE ACTIVITY OF THE HEXOSEMONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT IN THE LIVERS AND MAMMARY GLANDS OF LACTATING RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Willmer
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Hepatic Level

The development of the hexosemonophosphate shunt in mammary tissue and liver of lactating rats has been studied. A sixfold increase in mammary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels between parturition and weaning was accompanied by a considerable increase in 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity. The hepatic level of the former enzyme was also elevated 11-fold during this period. Adrenalectomy at parturition, or on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, or 14th days of lactation, depressed the activity of this pathway in mammary gland, a lowered level being observed in all cases after operation. A slight increase in enzyme activity was found in hepatic tissue in the immediate postoperative period; this was succeeded by a decrease.These results are discussed in relation to the growth changes observed in groups of unoperated and adrenalectomized rats.

Effects of exercise, detraining, starvation, and refeeding on lipogenic capacity of Osborne-Mendel rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (4) ◽  
pp. R648-R654
Author(s):  
P. Lowney ◽  
V. M. Lee ◽  
R. J. Hansen ◽  
J. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Triglyceride ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Liver Triglycerides ◽  
Lipid Stores ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Final Speed

Both starvation and refeeding and exercise and detraining are procedures that result in lowered lipid stores followed by their refilling. Rats subjected to these procedures were evaluated for their ability to produce hepatic biosynthetic reducing equivalents. Five-week-old male Osborne-Mendel rats were exercised on a motorized treadmill for 6 wk (final speed 27 m/min, 60 min/day, 6 day/wk) or kept sedentary. Exercised and sedentary rats were starved for 48 h or fed ad libitum. After treatments, some rats in each group were killed. Remaining exercised animals were detrained or detrained and refed. Remaining sedentary rats were refed. Activities of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and malic enzyme were evaluated. Plasma glucose, triglyceride, insulin, liver triglyceride, and body composition were determined. Results indicate that changes in lipids stores associated with starvation and refeeding and exercise and detraining are not associated with similar changes in enzyme activity. Starvation resulted in lowered plasma glucose, triglyceride, and insulin. Starvation and all exercise treatments resulted in lowered carcass fat. Exercised rats who were starved for 48 h and then detrained and refed for 72 h had the greatest liver weights and percent liver triglycerides. This was not associated with similar changes in enzyme activity. Increased liver lipid and decreased carcass fat may indicate a redistribution of lipid stores in these animals.

A HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE SEEDLING SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM OF PINUS LAMBERTIANA

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 694-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Fosket ◽  
J. P. Miksche
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Pinus Lambertiana

The induction by exogenous hormones of enzymes metabolising glucose 6-phosphate in the mammary gland of the pseudopregnant rabbit

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Heitzman
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Phosphate Metabolism ◽  
Exogenous Hormones ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Intraductal Injection ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

SummaryA study was made of the effects of the hormones, prolactin and cortisol acetate, on the activities in the mammary gland of the pseudopregnant rabbit of the enzymes concerned with lactose biosynthesis and glucose 6-phosphate metabolism, namely: UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-glucose-4'-epimerase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Significant increases in enzyme activities were observed in rabbits examined 3 or 4 days after receiving a mammary intraductal injection of prolactin. The activities were not significantly increased at examination 2 days after injection of prolactin. Rabbits receiving cortisol acetate each day for 3 days also showed no significant increases in mammary enzyme activity. However, when prolactin and cortisol acetate were given simultaneously over a period of 3 days, increased enzyme activities were found suggesting synergistic action of the hormones.

THE INFLUENCE OF ADRENALECTOMY UPON THE ACTIVITY OF THE HEXOSEMONOPHOSPHATE SHUNT IN THE LIVERS AND MAMMARY GLANDS OF LACTATING RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Willmer
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Hepatic Level

The development of the hexosemonophosphate shunt in mammary tissue and liver of lactating rats has been studied. A sixfold increase in mammary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels between parturition and weaning was accompanied by a considerable increase in 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity. The hepatic level of the former enzyme was also elevated 11-fold during this period. Adrenalectomy at parturition, or on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, or 14th days of lactation, depressed the activity of this pathway in mammary gland, a lowered level being observed in all cases after operation. A slight increase in enzyme activity was found in hepatic tissue in the immediate postoperative period; this was succeeded by a decrease.These results are discussed in relation to the growth changes observed in groups of unoperated and adrenalectomized rats.

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