Molecular Epidemiology of an Outbreak ofSerratia marcescensin a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Villari ◽  
Margherita Crispino ◽  
Alessandra Salvadori ◽  
Alda Scarcella
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria

AbstractObjective:To investigate and control a biphasic outbreak ofSerratia marcescensin a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design:Epidemiological and laboratory investigation of the outbreak.Setting:The NICU of the 1,470-bed teaching hospital of the University “Federico II,” Naples, Italy.Patients:The outbreak involved 56 cases of colonization by Smarcescensover a 15-month period, with two epidemic peaks of 6 and 3 months, respectively. Fourteen (25%) of the 56 colonized infants developed clinical infections, 50% of which were major (sepsis, meningitis, or pneumonia).Methods:Epidemiological and microbiological investigations, analysis of macrorestriction pattern of genomic DNA through pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of clinical and environmental isolates, and institution of infection control measures.Results:Analysis of macrorestriction patterns of genomic DNA by PFGE demonstrated that the vast majority of Smarcescensisolates, including three environmental strains isolated from two handwashing disinfectants and the hands of a nurse, were of the same clonal type. The successful control of the outbreak was achieved through cohorting of noncolonized infants, isolation of Smarcescens-infectedand -colonized infants, and an intense educational program that emphasized the need for adherence to glove use and handwashing policies. The NICU remained open to new admissions.Conclusions:Outbreaks caused by Smarcescensare very difficult to eradicate. An infection control program that includes molecular typing of microorganisms and the proper dissemination among staff members of the typing results is likely to be very effective in reducing NICU-acquired infections and in controlling outbreaks caused by Smarcescens,as well as other multiresistant bacteria.

An Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Investigation and Control

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. McGrath ◽  
Teena Chopra ◽  
Nahed Abdel-Haq ◽  
Katherine Preney ◽  
Winston Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Cultures

Objective.To investigate the mode of transmission of and assess control measures for an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant (multidrug-resistant) Acinetobacter baumannii infection involving 6 premature infants.Design.An outbreak investigation based on medical record review was performed for each neonate during the outbreak (from November 2008 through January 2009) in conjunction with an infection control investigation.Setting.A 36-bed, level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Detroit, Michigan.Interventions.Specimens were obtained for surveillance cultures from all infants in the unit. In addition, geographic cohorting of affected infants and their nursing staff, contact isolation, re-emphasis of adherence to infection control practices, environmental cleaning, and use of educational modules were implemented to control the outbreak.Results.Six infants (age, 10-197 days) with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infection were identified. All 6 infants were premature (gestational age, 23-30 weeks) and had extremely low birth weights (birth weight, 1000 g or less). Conditions included conjunctivitis (2 infants), pneumonia (4 infants), and bacteremia (1 infant). One infant died of causes not attributed to infection with the organism; the remaining 5 infants were discharged home. All surveillance cultures of unaffected infants yielded negative results.Conclusions.The spread of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infection was suspected to be due to staff members who spread the pathogen through close contact with infants. Clinical staff recognition of the importance of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii recovery from neonatal intensive care unit patients, geographic cohorting of infected patients, enhanced infection control practices, and staff education resulted in control of the spread of the organism.

Nosocomial Ringworm in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Nurse and Her Cat

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis M. Drusin ◽  
Barbara G. Ross ◽  
Karen Helton Rhodes ◽  
Alfred N. Krauss ◽  
Rachelle A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Professional Collaboration ◽  
Infection Control Measures

AbstractAn outbreak of nosocomial ringworm involved five infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. The index case was a nurse infected with Microsporum canis by her cat. After standard infection control measures were initiated, the outbreak was resolved successfully by an interdisciplinary professional collaboration of physician and veterinary dermatologists and infection control personnel.

scholarly journals Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) Newborn Colonization in a Portuguese Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): Epidemiology and Infection Prevention and Control Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
Teresa L. Almeida ◽  
Tânia Mendo ◽  
Raquel Costa ◽  
Cristina Novais ◽  
Mónica Marçal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Gut Colonization

Infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are increasing worldwide and are especially concerning in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Risk factors for CPE gut colonization in neonates need to be clarified. In this work, we describe the epidemiological and clinical features of CPE-colonized newborns and the infection control measures in a Portuguese NICU. We performed a prospective, observational, longitudinal, cohort study for surveillance of CPE colonization. Maternal and neonatal features of colonized newborns and surveillance strategy were described. A statistical analysis was performed with SPSS23.0, and significance was indicated by p-value ≤ 0.05. Between March and November 2019, CPE was isolated in 5.8% of 173 admitted neonates. Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated. There was no associated infection. Birth weight, gestational age, length of stay, and days of central line were the identified risk factors for CPE colonization (bivariate analysis with Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test, according to normality). No independent risk factors for CPE colonization were identified in the logistic regression analysis. CPE colonization risk factors are still to be determined accurately in the neonatal population. Active surveillance and continuous infection control measures restrained the current cluster of colonized newborns and helped to prevent infection and future outbreaks.

scholarly journals Control Measures Against Serratia marcescens Colonization at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of UOEH Hospital

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takako IKENO ◽  
Tadao TANABE ◽  
Tetsuro MURATANI ◽  
Noriko NAKANO ◽  
Tomoko KOTAKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Control Measures
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