scholarly journals Quantifying the Contribution of Habitats and Pathways to a Spatially Structured Population Facing Environmental Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Christine Sample ◽  
Joanna A. Bieri ◽  
Benjamin Allen ◽  
Yulia Dementieva ◽  
Alyssa Carson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

scholarly journals Spatially structured population dynamics in feral oilseed rape

2004 ◽  
Vol 271 (1551) ◽  
pp. 1909-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Crawley ◽  
Susan L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Structured Population Dynamics ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

scholarly journals A general modeling framework for describing spatially structured population dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Sample ◽  
John M. Fryxell ◽  
Joanna A. Bieri ◽  
Paula Federico ◽  
Julia E. Earl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Structured Population Dynamics ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

Evolution in a spatially structured population subject to rare epidemics

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua E. S. Socolar ◽  
Shane Richards ◽  
William G. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

scholarly journals Fitness benefits of low infectivity in a spatially structured population of bacteriophages

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1774) ◽  
pp. 20132563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavitra Roychoudhury ◽  
Neelima Shrestha ◽  
Valorie R. Wiss ◽  
Stephen M. Krone
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Populations ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Evolution Experiment ◽  
Spatially Structured Population ◽  
And Diffusion

For a parasite evolving in a spatially structured environment, an evolutionarily advantageous strategy may be to reduce its transmission rate or infectivity. We demonstrate this empirically using bacteriophage (phage) from an evolution experiment where spatial structure was maintained over 550 phage generations on agar plates. We found that a single substitution in the major capsid protein led to slower adsorption of phage to host cells with no change in lysis time or burst size. Plaques formed by phage isolates containing this mutation were not only larger but also contained more phage per unit area. Using a spatially explicit, individual-based model, we showed that when there is a trade-off between adsorption and diffusion (i.e. less ‘sticky’ phage diffuse further), slow adsorption can maximize plaque size, plaque density and overall productivity. These findings suggest that less infective pathogens may have an advantage in spatially structured populations, even when well-mixed models predict that they will not.

scholarly journals Individual versus cluster recoveries within a spatially structured population

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 403-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Belhadji ◽  
N. Lanchier
Keyword(s):  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

scholarly journals Slightly beneficial genes are retained by evolving Horizontal Gene Transfer despite selfish elements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. van Dijk ◽  
P. Hogeweg ◽  
H.M. Doekes ◽  
N. Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Selfish Genetic Elements ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Spatially Structured Population ◽  
Fitness Benefits ◽  
Bacterial Growth Rates ◽  
Gene Sharing

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a key component of bacterial evolution, which in concert with gene loss can result in rapid changes in gene content. While HGT can evidently aid bacteria to adapt to new environments, it also carries risks since bacteria may pick up selfish genetic elements (SGEs). Here, we use modeling to study how bacterial growth rates are affected by HGT of slightly beneficial genes, if bacteria can evolve HGT to improve their growth rates, and when HGT is evolutionarily maintained in light of harmful SGEs. We find that we can distinguish between four classes of slightly beneficial genes: indispensable, enrichable, rescuable, and unrescuable genes. Rescuable genes – genes that confer small fitness benefits and are lost from the population in the absence of HGT — can be collectively retained by a bacterial community that engages in HGT. While this ‘gene-sharing’ cannot evolve in well-mixed cultures, it does evolve in a spatially structured population such as a biofilm. Although HGT does indeed enable infection by harmful SGEs, HGT is nevertheless evolutionarily maintained by the hosts, explaining the stable coexistence and co-evolution of bacteria and SGEs.

scholarly journals ACCUMULATION OF DOBZHANSKY-MULLER INCOMPATIBILITIES WITHIN A SPATIALLY STRUCTURED POPULATION

Evolution ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXEY S. KONDRASHOV
Keyword(s):  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

Polymorphism maintenance in a spatially structured population: A two-locus genetic model of niche construction

2006 ◽  
Vol 192 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 160-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhuo Han ◽  
Zizhen Li ◽  
Cang Hui ◽  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Niche Construction ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Spatially Structured Population

scholarly journals Clustered networks protect cooperation against catastrophic collapse

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-318
Author(s):  
GWEN SPENCER
Keyword(s):  
Critical Level ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Network Clustering ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Human Experiments ◽  
The Face ◽  
Spatially Structured Population ◽  
New Perspective

AbstractAssuming a society of conditional cooperators (or moody conditional cooperators), this computational study proposes a new perspective on the structural advantage of social network clustering. Previous work focused on how clustered structure might encourage initialoutbreaks of cooperationor defend against invasion by a few defectors. Instead, we explore the ability of a societal structure to retain cooperative norms in the face of widespread disturbances. Such disturbances may abstractly describe hardships like famine and economic recession, or the random spatial placement of a substantial numbers ofpure defectors(orround-1 defectors) among a spatially structured population of players in a laboratory game, etc.As links in tightly clustered societies are reallocated to distant contacts, we observe that a society becomes increasingly susceptible tocatastrophic cascades of defection: mutually-beneficial cooperative norms can be destroyed completely by modest shocks of defection. In contrast, networks with higher clustering coefficients can withstand larger shocks of defection before being forced to catastrophically low levels of cooperation. We observe a remarkably linearprotective effect of clusteringcoefficient that becomes active above acritical level of clustering. Notably, both the critical level and the slope of this dependence is higher for decision-rule parameterizations that correspond to highercosts of cooperation. Our modeling framework provides a simple way to reinterpret the counter-intuitive and widely cited human experiments of Suri and Watts (2011) while also affirming the classical intuition that network clustering and higher levels of cooperation should be positively associated.

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