donald r. walker. Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867–1912. (Texas A&M Southwestern Studies, number 7.) College Station: Texas A&M University Press. 1988. Pp. 216. $24.50

1990 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
College Station

scholarly journals Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867-1912

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Samuel Walker ◽  
Donald R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of

Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867-1912

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Stuart H. Traub ◽  
Donald R. Walker ◽  
Thad Sitton
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Penology for Profit: A History of the Texas Prison System, 1867-1912.

1990 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Nicole Hahn Rafter ◽  
Donald R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A double-edged sword: Children’s experiences of visiting a parent in prison in Scotland

2021 ◽  
pp. 026455052110255
Author(s):  
Kelly Lockwood ◽  
Tony Long ◽  
Nancy Loucks ◽  
Ben Raikes ◽  
Kathryn Sharratt
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
History Of

Prison visits are recognised as an important feature of a humane prison system, providing important benefits for prisoners and their family in maintaining ties (McCarthy and Adams, 2017). Scotland has a history of penal welfarism and a right-based agenda in relation to visits (McCarthy and Adams, 2017); however, there is a lack of research that focuses on visits in the context of Scottish prisons. Equally, there is limited research that considers the perspective of children visiting a parent in custody. This paper explores the experiences of children visiting a parent in prison in Scotland, highlighting lessons for policy and practice.

scholarly journals Of Bodies Politic and Pecuniary: A Brief History of Corporate Purpose

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
David Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
American Business ◽  
Business Corporation ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Early American ◽  
Bright Line ◽  
History Of

American corporate law has long drawn a bright line between for-profit and non-profit corporations. In recent years, hybrid or social enterprises have increasingly put this bright-line distinction to the test. This Article asks what we can learn about the purpose of the American business corporation by examining its history and development in the United States in its formative period from roughly 1780-1860. This brief history of corporate purpose suggests that the duty to maximize profits in the for-profit corporation is a relatively recent development. Historically, the American business corporation grew out of an earlier form of corporation that was neither for-profit nor nonprofit in today’s parlance but rather, served a multitude of municipal, religious, charitable, educational, and eventually business purposes in early nineteenth-century New England. The purposes of early American business corporations—rather than maximization of profit to private shareholders— were often overtly public, involving development of local transportation, finance, and other much-needed economic infrastructure. With the rise of factory-based manufacturing, railroads, and other capital-intensive industries in the middle decades of the nineteenth century and the advent of general incorporation statutes, the purpose of the American business corporation shifted fundamentally from public to private. By 1860, the stage was set for the modern firm. This Article concludes that the corporation has no intrinsic purpose. The corporation’s defining features are separate legal personality and the ability to aggregate capital toward any otherwise lawful end, whether for-profit or nonprofit. Social enterprises today more closely resemble the early American business corporation than the profit-maximizing modern firm. Social enterprise should be seen less as a legally uncertain novelty than a return to the business corporation’s nineteenth-century American roots. Finally, this Article suggests potential limitations for social enterprise.

scholarly journals Peran Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dalam Pemberdayaan UMKM di Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Singgih Muheramtohadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institution ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Financial Service Authority ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Syariah Financial Institution means that the financial institution is run based on the Islamic teaching that refers to Qur’an and the Sunnah. Practically, it beganin early history of Islam, then was developed into Syariah Financial Institution. So, the purpose of Syariah Financial Institution is not merely for profit orientation. Further, it should be in accordance with Islamic value and the human philanthropy. Most of Syariah Financial Institution’s financing is for business sector and its ability to reach the micro business, that can’t be done by commercial banks. The financing for small business is funded by Islamic institutions due to Grameen Bank effect. Previously, Grameen Bank was built in mid-decade of 1970. The Financing of Syariah Financial Institution, in any sort, including cooperative union or BMT (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil), increased over time in both Institution Revenue and the Financing Rate. According to Financial Service Authority, most of financing of Syariah Banking is for the Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises that is very important for the nation economy, because it is engaged in the real sector of economy. And the other characters of the Micro, Small, medium enterprises in Indonesia are holding the honesty ethics and resistante to the crisis. They are the strengths of UMKM which must be considered to make the decision by the government or the Financial Institutions.Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) berarti badan yang bergerak di bidang keuangan yang dilandaskan pada ajaran Islam yang bersumber pada al Qur’an dan As Sunnah. Praktek ini sudah terdapat pada sejarah awal Islam, dan asas moralitas Islam dikembangkan dalam bentuk LKS. Sehingga, tujuan dari LKS tidak semata Profit Oriented, melainkan terdapat unsur-unsur keislaman dan kemanusiaan di dalamnya. Lembaga Keuangan syariah sebagian besar pembiayaannya diperuntukkan kepada sektor usaha, dan punya kemampuan untuk menjangkau usaha mikro, Sesuatu yang jarang dilakukan oleh pihak perbankan konvensional. Pembiayaan kepada UMKM ini tidak lepas juga dari pengaruh Grameen Bank sebelumnya, yang telah berdiri sejak medio 1970-an. Pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Syarah, baik dalam wujud Bank, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam maupun BMT mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Baik itu dari segi omzet LKS maupun tingkat pembiayaan nya. Berdasarkan data dari Jasa Otoritas Keuangan sebagian besar dari pembiayaan tersebut disalurkan kepada UMKM. Pembiayaan UMKM sangat penting dalam perekonomian nasional, karena bergerak di sektor riil. Karakteristik UMKM adalah sebagai usaha menengah ke bawah, pada umumnya dikelola dengan etika kejujuran masih dipegang kuat, serta relatif lebih kuat ketika dihadapkan pada krisis. Inilah yang jadi potensi UMKM yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengambil keputusan publik, baik itu oleh Pemerintah maupun Lembaga Keuangan (perbankan). 

A Perspective on the Corporate Transformation of Health Care

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Warren Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
History Of

The ever-increasing ownership of health service providers, suppliers, and insurers by investor-owned enterprises presents an unforeseen complexity and diversity to health care delivery. This article reviews the history of the for-profit invasion of the health sector, linking corporate purchaser directions to the now dominant mode of delivery in managed care. These dynamics require unceasing reassessment while the United States embarks upon implementation of national health care reform.

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