An experimental investigation of the role of radiation in laboratory bench-top experiments in thermal physics

This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to investigate how legal regimes affect social welfare. We investigate four legal regimes, each consisting of a liability rule (strict or negligence) and a damage measure (out-of-pocket or independent-of-investment). The results of the experiment are for the most part consistent with the qualitative predictions of Schwartz's (1997) model; however, subjects' actual choices deviate from the point predictions of the model. We explore whether these deviations arise because: (1) subjects form faulty anticipations of their counterparts' actions and/or (2) subjects do not choose the optimal responses given their anticipations. We find that subjects behave differently under the four regimes in terms of anticipation errors and departures from best responses. For example, subjects playing the role of auditors anticipate investments most accurately under the regime with strict liability combined with out-of-pocket damages, but are least likely to choose the optimal response given their anticipations. This finding implies that noneconomic factors likely play a role in determining subjects' choices.

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Thermal Physics and Glaucoma II: Preliminary Evidences for a Thermophysical Design of a Possible Visible-Light-Photons Therapy

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11146301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 6301

Author(s):

Giulia Grisolia ◽

Mariarosa Astori ◽

Antonio Ponzetto ◽

Antonio Vercesi ◽

Umberto Lucia

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Thermodynamic Approach ◽

Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

Light Stimulation ◽

Cell Behaviour ◽

Thermal Physics ◽

Starting Point

Recently, a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach has been developed in order to model the fundamental role of the membrane electric potential in the cell behaviour. A related new viewpoint is introduced, with a design of a photobiomodulation treatment in order to restore part of the visual field. Here, a first step in experimental evidence of the validity of the thermodynamic approach is developed. This result represents the starting point for future experimental improvements for light stimulation in order to improve the quality of life of the patients. The future possible therapy will be in addition to the pharmacological treatments.

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How Do Intermediaries Affect the Effectiveness of the Four-Eyes-Principle? An Experimental Investigation

The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.1515/bejeap-2019-0059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Liangcong Fan ◽

Zechun Ying ◽

Yuemei Yuan ◽

Xinchao Zhang ◽

Bin Xu

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Active Role ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract Corrupt deals are commonly arranged by intermediaries. However, attempts to deter corruption pay little attention to the role of intermediaries in corrupt deals. This paper reports a laboratory bribery experiment on corruption designed to investigate how intermediaries with information about the lowest bribe that the official is willing to accept in a briber-initiated corrupt deal affect the effectiveness of the four-eyes-principle (FEP) on deterring corruption. We find that the introduction of the FEP significantly decreases the corruption level by increasing uncertainty. However, the presence of intermediaries with information completely offsets the positive effect of introducing the FEP on preventing corruption. Our findings suggest that further research on corruption should allow a more active role of intermediaries, and legislators should take the role of intermediaries into account when designing anti-corruption mechanisms.

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