Corrigendum: Natural radioactivity in building material in the European Union: robustness of the activity concentration index I and comparison with a room model

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Nuccetelli ◽  
S Risica ◽  
M D’Alessandro ◽  
R Trevisi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Room Model ◽  
Activity Concentration Index

scholarly journals Radioactive nuclides in phosphogypsum from the lowveld region of South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xolani Msila ◽  
Frans Labuschagne ◽  
Werner Barnard ◽  
David G. Billing ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Hazard Indices ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Radioactive Nuclides ◽  
Radium Equivalent ◽  
Activity Concentration Index

Abstract We evaluated the suitability of phosphogypsum from the Lowveld region of South Africa (LSA), for the manufacturing of building materials, with reference to (1) the National Nuclear Regulator Act 47 of 1999 and (2) the radioactivity associated risks as quantified in terms of the external and internal hazard indices, the activity concentration index and the radium equivalent. The distribution of radioactive nuclides in the LSA phosphogypsum was also examined. Analyses of 19 samples of the phosphogypsum show that phosphogypsum contains lower activity concentrations of naturally occurring radioactive nuclides of uranium and thorium and their progeny than the 500 Bg/kg limit set for regulation in South Africa. The potassium-40 (40K) activity concentration was below the minimum detectable amount of 100 Bq/kg. The values obtained for external and internal hazard indices and the activity concentration index were: 2.12 0.59, 3.44 0.64 and 2.65 0.76 respectively. The calculated radium equivalent Raeq was 513 76Bq/kg. The final decision regarding phosphogypsum’s suitability for use as a building material should consider scenarios of use.

scholarly journals The Effects Of The Distribution Of Agricultural Direct Payments

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Alfaro-Navarro ◽  
Jose Mondejar-Jimenez ◽  
Manuel Vargas-Vargas ◽  
Juan Carlos Gazquez-Abad ◽  
Jose Felipe Jimenez- Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Common Policy

The Common Agricultural Policy (the CAP) is the most important common policy of the European Union, for which reason it traditionally monopolizes a large part of the European Union budget. Without doubt, the aids that farms receive from this policy are the pillar on which it sustains the battered agricultural sectors. Among CAP aid, direct payments are particularly important, in 2008 accounting for about 37% of the total EU budget. The main objective of this paper is to analyse the effects that the distribution of the CAP direct payments have on the agrarian economy. Specifically, we have analysed the equality level in distribution of CAP direct aid in the countries of the European Union using a concentration index. In this way, we have examined the fairness of distribution of CAP direct aid in the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Ocena koncentracji produkcji żywności regionalnej i tradycyjnej w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (3) ◽  
pp. 144-155
Author(s):  
Dominika Jakubowska ◽  
Tomasz Wierzejski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the work was to assess the concentration of regional and traditional food production in the European Union (EU) with particular emphasis on Poland. The analysis was made on the basis of data from the European DOOR databases, E-BACCHUS, E-SPIRIT DRINKS and IJHARS data. Various categories of regional and traditional products registered in Poland and other EU countries were described and analyzed using the Herfindahhl-Hirschman concentration index. The results obtained showed that the concentration of regional and traditional food production in the EU is high, and the majority of registered geographical indications originate from the Mediterranean, which accounts for almost three quarters of all EU registrations. Poland has a small share in the analyzed market. In regional terms, Poland has a relatively high concentration of production. A clearly higher value was demonstrated for the concentration of producers of these products.

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