AbstractThe influence of the frequency f of applied ac electric field on the time dependence of electric field induced deformations of homeotropic nematic layers is studied numerically. Three kinds of nematic liquid crystals were considered: non-flexoelectric nematic with negative dielectric anisotropy, Δɛ < 0dielectrically compensated nematic (Δɛ = 0) possessing flexoelectric properties determined by the positive sum of flexoelectric coefficients e = e11 + e33 > 0nematic characterised by both Δɛ < 0 and e > 0.It was found that at sufficiently low frequencies, the deformations varied with time. The deformations of purely dielectric nature had the period 1/(2f). When the frequency was increased, a stationary director distribution was achieved, determined by the rms value of the ac voltage. The time period of purely flexoelectric distortions was equal to 1/f. There was a well defined cut-off frequency above which these deformations vanished. In the case of dielectrically anisotropic and flexoelectric nematic, the flexoelectric contribution vanished above a critical frequency and the deformation of dielectric nature stabilized at high frequencies.
The prolate-to-oblate shape transition of phospholipid vesicles in response to frequency variation of an AC electric field can be explained by the dielectric anisotropy of a phospholipid bilayer