This paper addresses three-dimensional numerical analyses of the unsteady conjugate heat transfer and thermal stress for a PWR pressurizer surge line pipe with a finite wall thickness, subjected to internally thermal stratification. A primary emphasis of the present study is placed on the investigation of the effects of surge flow direction on the determinations of the transient temperature and thermal stress distributions in the pipe wall. In the present numerical analysis, the thermally stratified flows (in-surge flow and out-surge flow) in the pipe line are simulated using the standard κ-ε turbulent model and a simple and convenient numerical method of treating the unsteady conjugate heat transfer on a non-orthogonal coordinate system is developed. The unsteady conjugate heat transfer analysis method is implemented in a finite volume thermal-hydraulic computer code based on a non-staggered grid arrangement, SIMPLEC algorithm and higher-order bounded convection scheme. The finite element method is employed for the thermal stress analysis to calculate non-dimensional stress distributions at the piping wall as a function of time. Some numerical calculations are performed for a PWR pressurizer surge line pipe model with shortened length, subjected to internally thermal stratification caused either by insurge or outsurge flow with a specified velocity, and the results are discussed in detail.
Numerical analysis of flow structure behind a bluff body under conditions of unstable thermal stratification
