scholarly journals Biodegradation chemistry of new adipate plasticizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (5) ◽  
pp. 052032
Author(s):  
I N Vikhareva ◽  
G K Aminova ◽  
L K Abdrakhmanova ◽  
A K Mazitova
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Natural Conditions

Abstract Plastics are materials that, in the composition of various municipal solid waste, enter the environment in large quantities. Lightness and strength, the ability to withstand the effects of external factors, long-term use led to their widespread use. However, some of the additives needed to improve the performance of polymer products are highly toxic and pose a serious environmental problem. In this regard, the development of environmentally friendly PVC plasticizers is technically important. The article describes the preparation and study of the properties of ester additives based on adipic acid and ethoxylated butanol. The mechanism of biodegradation of the synthesized adipates was studied, the resulting metabolites were determined. The ecological safety of the developed plasticizers in the process of utilization in natural conditions is shown.

Effect of Aeration on Fresh and Aged Municipal Solid Waste in a Simulated Landfill Bioreactor

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Warith ◽  
Graham J. Takata
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Time To Stabilization ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Simulated Landfill ◽  
Term Monitoring

Abstract Municipal solid waste (MSW) is slow to stabilize under conventional anaerobic landfill conditions, demanding long-term monitoring and pollution control. Provision of aerobic conditions offers several advantages including accelerated leachate stabilization, increased landfill airspace recovery and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Air injection was applied over 130 days to bench-scale bioreactors containing fresh and aged MSW representative of newly constructed and pre-existing landfill conditions. In the fresh MSW simulation bioreactors, aeration reduced the average time to stabilization of leachate pH by 46 days, TSS by 42 days, TDS by 84 days, BOD5 by 46 days and COD by 32 days. In addition, final leachate concentrations were consistently lower in aerated test cells. There was no indication of a gradual decrease in the concentration of ammonia, and it is likely this high ammonia concentration would continue to be problematic in bioreactor landfill applications. This study focussed only on biodegradability of organics in the solid waste. The concentrations of the nonreactive or conservative substances such as chloride and/or heavy metals remain in the bioreactor landfills due to the continuous recirculation of leachate. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for air injection to accelerate stabilization of municipal solid waste, with greatest influence on fresh waste with a high biodegradable organic fraction.

scholarly journals Effect of aeration on fresh and aged municipal solid waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Jon Takata
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Bioreactor Landfills ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Time To Stabilization ◽  
Aerobic Bioreactors ◽  
Term Monitoring

Under the anaerobic conditions of conventional sanitary landfill, entombed municipal solid waste (MSW) is slow to stabilize necessitating long-term monitoring and pollution control. Although anaerobic conditions can provide revenue through energy generation, aerobic stabilization may offer several advantages including reduced fugitive greenhouse gas emissions, accelerated landfill stabilization, and increased landfill airspace recovery. Air injection was applied to bench-scale bioreactor landfills in order to determine the potential for active aeration to accelerate municipal solid waste stabilization and settlement in both new and pre-existing landfills. Fresh and aged wastes were used to represent newly constructed and existing landfill matrices over 130 days. In the fresh MSW bioreactors, aeration reduced the time to stabilization of leachate pH by 44%, TSS by 25%, TDS by 54%, BOD5 by 38% and COD by 59%. Ammonia concentrations stabilized after 129 days of aeration, but remained problematic in the anaerobic bioreactors at the study conclusion. Final leachate concentrations were consistently lower in the aerobic bioreactors than in their anaerobic counterparts. Physical settlement also improved, resulting in a 21.5% recovery of landfill airspace in the aerobic fresh waste bioreactors. Aeration had a similar but reduced influence in the aged waste bioreactors since they were near stabilization at the study inception. The results of this study indicate that aeration significantly accelerates stabilization of MSW with greatest influence on fresh waste with a high biodegradable organic fraction.

scholarly journals Utilization and recycling of municipal solid waste in a subarctic zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Savenkova ◽  
Marderos Ara Sayegh ◽  
Alexandr Y. Bystryakov ◽  
Tatiana K. Blokhina ◽  
Oksana A. Karpenko
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Municipal Landfill ◽  
Long Term Impact

Municipal solid waste (MSW) collection and disposal is one of the major problems of urban environment in most countries worldwide today. The problem of utilization of solid waste in the Northern Europe on the Kola Peninsula was raised in this article, where the ground arrangement in a subarctic zone is very special and the weather conditions are severe. The paper main goal is to verify long-term impact of the Mezhdurechie municipal landfill on the atmosphere in Kola Peninsula. The paper also aims to establish the holding actions for recycling and utilization of worn-out tires for mentioned municipal landfill. The ground concentrations of pollutants from the operational sources were presented. The proposed recycling development in this paper has a positive impact on the ecoindustry and ensures environmental safety and municipal economy.

Treatment of leachate from municipal solid waste of Mostaganem district in Algeria: Decision support for advising a process treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Bourechech ◽  
F Abdelmalek ◽  
MR Ghezzar ◽  
A Addou
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
Suitable Process

The aim of this work is to propose a plan for the choice of a suitable process for the treatment of a young leachate from municipal solid waste. Classical processes were applied: Fenton process, the coupling coagulation-Fenton process and the adsorption on powdered activated carbon (PAC). The study involves synthesised leachates from three types of wastes collected from sanitary landfill (SL): leachate of putrescible fraction (Lp), paper-cardboard (Lpc), sawdust (Ls) and the one of landfill (Lsl). The optimal operating conditions have been determined for the three processes: Fenton: [H2O2] = 6.8 g L-1 and [Fe2+] = 2.8 g L-1, coagulation: [Fe3+] = 0.3 g L-1 and adsorption: [PAC] = 60 g L-1. The three processes gave reduction rates of chemical oxygen demand ranging from 50% to 85% for Lp, 87% to 97% for Lpc and 61% to 87% for Ls. Whereas for Lsl, it was of 45%, 56% and 80% for the Fenton, coagulation-Fenton and adsorption processes, respectively. A modelling study was conducted to calculate the chemical oxygen demand of leachate produced during 25 years for different thicknesses of waste. This predicted value is used to advise for the process treatment to apply and to assess the environmental impacts in the long term.

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