The Sound Absorption Coefficient of Railway Concrete Sleepers Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) As a Cement Replacement Material

Abstract Major noise and vibration during train operation can cause disturbance to the surrounding. One of the methods to reduce this disturbance are by installing concrete sleepers. The use of railway concrete sleepers may be a high potential to reduce the noise and vibration. To produce concrete sleepers cement usage will be used with greater volume. Approximately 100 million tons of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) was disposed to the landfill currently. POFA contains high silica content and porous particles which indicated its pozzolanic properties and sound absorption characteristics. Therefore, this study was to determine the sound absorption coefficient of railway concrete sleepers containing POFA as a cement replacement material. Concrete sleepers with a strength grade of 55 and a w/c ratio of 0.35 were prepared in this study. Three design mixes with 0% (control), 20%, and 40% of POFA tested by using an impedance tube test at 28 days of curing age. The results show, the sound absorption coefficient and noise reduction coefficient increases as the percentage of POFA increases. The best performance was obtained by concrete sleepers containing 40% of POFA, with a recorded sound absorption coefficient of 0.10 for low frequency and 0.44 for high frequency. Meanwhile, the noise reduction coefficient recorded was 0.33, which reduce 32% of noise compared to OPC.

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Effect of microfiber layers on acoustical absorptive properties of nonwoven fabrics

Journal of Industrial Textiles ◽

10.1177/1528083719830146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 312-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gajanan Bhat ◽

Magdi El Messiry

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Noise Reduction ◽

Sound Absorption ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Mineral Wool ◽

Acoustic Energy ◽

Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽

Nonwoven Materials ◽

Reduction Coefficient ◽

Melt Blown Nonwoven

There are several types of sound absorptive materials, such as natural and synthetic fibers, acoustic mineral wool, acoustic polyester panels, acoustic foam, cotton batts, that reduce the acoustic energy of a sound wave as the wave passes through. In this work, the use of nonwoven materials made of cotton, polyester, and polypropylene fibers for the development of sound absorptive nonwoven materials has been investigated. Samples of different materials (cotton, cotton/polyester blend, polyester fibers needle punched, and polypropylene melt blown nonwoven) and multilayer structures were tested on the designed impedance tube. Acoustic absorption properties of the fiber assemblies were studied in the frequency region of 100–1500 Hz. The values of sound absorption coefficient for different samples indicated that polypropylene microfiber melt blown nonwoven sample displayed a good sound absorption behavior in the entire frequency range. The use of multilayer samples improves the sound absorption coefficient with the condition that one of the layers is a thin melt blown nonwoven layer. The formation of nonwoven absorbent material consisted of hybrid layers, significantly reduces the resultant average sound absorption coefficient, especially when the upper layer is made from finer fibers of melt blown nonwoven of low air permeability value, and in this case the improvement reaches 50%. The use of melt blown layers of fine fibers values of noise reduction coefficient may reach 0.8. The multilayer nonwoven sound absorber design should take into consideration specific noise reduction coefficient values, not the absolute ones, particularly when the weight of the absorber is playing a decisive role.

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Sound absorption of lightweight brick containing expanded polystyrene beads and palm oil fuel ash

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/476/1/012026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 476 ◽

pp. 012026

Author(s):

S H Adnan ◽

N A Kamarulzaman ◽

K A Mohd Sari ◽

M H Osman ◽

Z Jamellodin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Sound Absorption ◽

Expanded Polystyrene ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Polystyrene Beads ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Oil Fuel

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Sound Absorption of Laminated Biopolymer Foam and Epoxy Foam

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.291 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 594-595 ◽

pp. 291-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noor Quratul Aine Adnan ◽

Anika Zafiah M. Rus

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Noise Reduction ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Sound Absorption ◽

Acoustic Property ◽

Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽

Behavior Theory ◽

Tube Test ◽

Epoxy Foam ◽

Reduction Coefficient

Biopolymer foam was prepared based on vegetable oil and Polyol Flexible (Epoxy) with commercial Polymethane Polyphenyl Isocyanate (Modified Polymeric-MDI) as laminated foam. The acoustic property of biopolymer foam was examined by impedance tube test according to ASTM E-1050 of sound absorption coefficient (α). From the result obtain, sample D and sample C are the best result of sound absorption coefficient (α) for biopolymer foam and epoxy foam with the value are 0.867 and 0.817 respectively. By using the sound behavior theory, when the thickness is increase the sound absorption is also increase as same as in this study. The noise reduction coefficient (NRC) of sample D is 38.26% while for sample C is 37.42%.

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Development of Kenaf Nonwoven as Automotive Noise Absorption

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.892.101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 892 ◽

pp. 101-105

Author(s):

Siti Nor Hawanis Husain ◽

Nur Aiman Abdul Razak ◽

Azrin Hani Abdul Rashid ◽

Musli Nizam Bin Yahya ◽

Nurul Zakiah Zamri Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Noise Reduction ◽

Sound Absorption ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽

Function Technique ◽

Impedance Tube ◽

Number Of Layers ◽

Reduction Coefficient ◽

Sound Reduction

Getting rid of unwanted noise in car compartment is necessary and really significant measure for automotive makers. This research was directed to produce nonwoven material from Kenaf fiber using the needle-punching machine and the ability of the produced material to absorb sound will be tested. The performance in sound absorption of the sample was analyzed by the sound absorption coefficient (SAC) and noise reduction coefficient (NRC) using the impedance tube test referring to ASTM E1050-98. The sound absorption frequencies were evaluated utilizing the two-microphone transfer function technique in the impedance tube that has a 100 mm diameter for low frequency and 28 mm for high frequency, 0 Hz to 4000 Hz respectively. The physical examination also was executed according to ASTM D1772 to determine the density and the thickness of each sample. The parameter verified in this research is the number of layers to form the samples and it also were compared with the commercial products. As the outcome of this research, the sound absorption coefficient (SAC) showed that the sound reduction coefficient value was increased as the number of layers of the sample increase. In summation, the result also proved that the denser the samples, the higher the absorption coefficient value. On the other hand, for the noise reduction coefficient (NRC), overall result showed slight differences between each sample. The result is due to the rating is an average, two materials with the same rating might not perform the same. Referring to the previous research, the sample with higher areal density is dependable for higher sound reduction and there is a negative relationship between area density and bulk density of needle-punched nonwoven and sound reduction. With the rise in the number of density of nonwoven fabric, the sound reduction through the fabric increases at first but after the maximum it remains almost unaffected.

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Enhancing egg cartons’ sound absorption coefficient with recycled materials

Building Acoustics ◽

10.1177/1351010x17709986 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 115-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prasasto Satwiko ◽

Verza Dillano Gharata ◽

Herybert Setyabudi ◽

Fefen Suhedi

Keyword(s):

Absorption Coefficient ◽

Noise Reduction ◽

Sound Absorption ◽

Noise Source ◽

Absorption Measurement ◽

Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽

Recycled Materials ◽

Human Voice ◽

Reduction Coefficient ◽

High Sound

Egg cartons have popularly been used as sound absorbers because they are inexpensive, easy to install and easily available. However, acoustic experts have demonstrated that egg cartons are bad sound absorbers. This study developed Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry and Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet using additional recycled materials (shredded rice straw paper, textile waste, 2-cm cut rice straws) to improve the cartons’ sound absorption coefficient while retaining their original advantages. Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry and Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet were tested based on the ASTM C423-02 method of sound absorption measurement. Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry has a noise reduction coefficient of 0.6 and a sound absorption average of 0.59, while Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet has a noise reduction coefficient of 0.54 and sound absorption average of 0.54. The maximum sound absorption coefficients of Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry and Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet are, respectively, 0.77 at 500 Hz and 0.67 at 630 Hz. Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry has a sound absorption coefficient ⩾0.5, between 315 and 2500 Hz, which makes it able to absorb sound energy of the lower to upper mid-range frequencies. With their high sound absorptivity at mid-range frequencies, Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry and Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet are suitable for mosques and auditoriums, where the human voice is the dominant noise source and where an inexpensive sound absorber is needed. The production of Enhanced Egg Carton – Dry and Enhanced Egg Carton – Wet is so simple that users can do it themselves using basic home tools.

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Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Abu Cangkang dan Serat Kelapa Sawit dari Boiler untuk Pembuatan Bata Beton Ringan

Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri ◽

10.26578/jrti.v9i2.1710 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 120-128

Author(s):

Haspiadi Haspiadi ◽

Kurniawaty Kurniawaty

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Water Absorption Capacity ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Palm Oil Mill ◽

Oil Fuel

Research of the utilization solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from boiler as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has been conducted. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has recently attracted for an alternative environmentally sustainable application. In this study, light concrete brick made with various proportions of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers and sand were fabricated and studied under laboratory scales. Percentage of palm oil fuel ash of 0% as a control, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, replacement sand, wheras others materials such as Portland cement, lime, gypsum, foaming agent and aluminium with the numbers constant. The quality of light concreate brick were applied followed by the compressive strength test, density and water absorption capacity. The study discovered that the compressive strength for all composition meet the recommended value to light structural of 6.89 MPa as prescribed in SNI 03-3449-2002. In the same manner density of light concrete brick for all proportion under the maximum density recommended value of 1400 Kg/m3 according to SNI 03-3449-2002. While water absorption capacity of increased by the increasing use of ashes. Therefore, palm oil fuel ash from boiler can be used as raw material for the light concrete brick which is environmental friendly because using solid waste and also an alternative handling solid waste.ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan limbah padat abu cangkang dan serat kelapa sawit dari boiler sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sebagai bahan pembuatan bata beton ringan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengelolaan lingkungan yang bekelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, bata beton ringan dibuat dengan berbagai komposisi abu boiler dan pasir yang diproduksi dalam skala laboratorium. Persentase dari abu berturut-turut 0% sebagai kontrol, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% dan 60% mensubtitusi pasir, sedangkan bahan lain yaitu semen, kapur, gypsum, foaming agent serta aluminium pasta dengan jumlah tetap. Mutu bata beton ringan yang diujikan adalah kuat tekan, bobot jenis dan daya serap air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan untuk semua komposisi memenuhi batas minimum yang dipersyaratkan untuk stuktural ringan yaitu 6,89 MPa sesuai SNI 03-3449-2002. Demikian pula bobot jenis dari bata ringan yang dihasilkan masih dibawah dari batas maksimum yang direkomendasikan SNI 03-3449-2002 yaitu maksimal 1400 Kg/m3. Sedangkan daya serap air mengalami kenaikan dengan naiknya jumlah abu yang digunakan . Limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan menjadi salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah. Kata kunci : Abu cangkang kelapa sawit, bata beton ringan, bobot jenis, daya serap air, limbah, kuat tekan

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