scholarly journals Synthesis of palm oil fatty acid as foaming agent for firefighting application

Author(s):  
M Rivai ◽  
E Hambali ◽  
A Suryani ◽  
R Fitria ◽  
S Firmansyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi ◽  
Kurniawaty Kurniawaty

Research of  the utilization solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from boiler as row materials  for manufacturing light concrete brick has been conducted. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has recently attracted for an alternative environmentally sustainable application. In this study, light concrete brick made with various proportions of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers and sand were fabricated and studied under laboratory scales. Percentage of palm oil fuel ash of 0% as a control,  10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, replacement  sand, wheras others materials such as Portland cement, lime, gypsum, foaming agent and aluminium with the numbers constant. The quality of light concreate brick   were applied followed by the compressive strength test, density and water absorption capacity. The study discovered that the compressive strength for all composition meet the recommended value to light structural of 6.89 MPa as prescribed in SNI 03-3449-2002. In the same manner density of light concrete brick for all proportion under the maximum density recommended value of 1400 Kg/m3 according to SNI 03-3449-2002. While water absorption capacity of increased by the increasing use of ashes. Therefore, palm oil fuel ash from boiler can be used as raw material for the light concrete brick which is  environmental friendly because using solid waste and also an alternative handling solid waste.ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan limbah padat abu cangkang dan serat kelapa sawit dari boiler sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sebagai bahan pembuatan bata beton ringan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengelolaan lingkungan yang bekelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, bata beton ringan dibuat dengan berbagai komposisi abu boiler dan pasir yang diproduksi dalam  skala laboratorium. Persentase dari abu berturut-turut 0% sebagai kontrol, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% dan 60% mensubtitusi pasir, sedangkan bahan lain yaitu semen, kapur, gypsum,  foaming  agent serta aluminium pasta dengan jumlah tetap. Mutu bata beton ringan yang diujikan adalah kuat tekan, bobot jenis dan daya serap air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan untuk semua komposisi memenuhi batas minimum yang dipersyaratkan untuk stuktural ringan yaitu 6,89 MPa sesuai SNI 03-3449-2002. Demikian pula bobot jenis dari bata ringan yang dihasilkan masih dibawah dari batas maksimum yang direkomendasikan SNI 03-3449-2002 yaitu maksimal 1400 Kg/m3. Sedangkan daya serap air mengalami kenaikan dengan naiknya jumlah abu yang digunakan . Limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan menjadi salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah. Kata kunci :  Abu cangkang kelapa sawit,  bata beton ringan, bobot jenis,  daya serap air,  limbah,  kuat tekan


2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Mozzon ◽  
Deborah Pacetti ◽  
Paolo Lucci ◽  
Michele Balzano ◽  
Natale Giuseppe Frega

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhong ◽  
S. Gao ◽  
J. J. Wang ◽  
L. Dong ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiza Mutia ◽  
Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel ◽  
Ida Idayu Muhamad

The study to find cocoa butter equivalent (CBE) as an alternative to cocoa butter (CB) from available and low cost commercial oils or fats has been increased recently. Current study investigates the blending of hard palm oil mid-fraction (PMF) with canola oil to produce high nutritional CBE using immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei. The experiments were designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the percentage of saturated-unsaturated-saturated (StUSt) triacylglycerols (TAGs). The experiment was performed at hard PMF concentration of 50 to 90% (w/w), lipozyme load between 5% and 10% (based on the weight of substrate) with a reaction time between 2 to 14 hours. The best reaction conditions to attain this target was 89.35% (w/w) of hard PMF concentration, 2 hours of reaction time, and 5% (based on the weight of substrate) of lipozyme load, resulting CBE which contains 64.44±1.18% of StUSt. The addition of canola oil improved the nutritional value of CBE which was marked by the higher percentage of linoleic acid (omega-6, 4.53±0.06%) and linolenic acid (omega-3, 0.74±0.14%) in CBE than CB (omega-6, 2.68±0.34%). Enzymatic interesterification was not altering fatty acid content in the CBE, especially linoleic acid (omega-6) and linolenic acid (omega-3) which was characterized by no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the fatty acid profile of initial mixture (before interesterification) and CBE (after interesterification).


Author(s):  
Silvana Aparecida da Silva Corradini ◽  
Grasiele Scaramal Madrona ◽  
Nilson Evelázio de Souza ◽  
Elton Guntendorfer Bonafe ◽  
Camila Barbosa Carvalho ◽  
...  

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (103) ◽  
pp. 101098-101104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella De Leonardis ◽  
Francesca Cuomo ◽  
Vincenzo Macciola ◽  
Francesco Lopez

A multi-technique approach used for the characterization of the oxidative stability of red palm.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Mursalin Mursalin

Efforts to develop the production technology of high quality red palm-oil (RPO) in order to provide source of food ingredient that naturally rich of nutrients, become urgents regarding the need of such products drastically increased recently. Application of deodorization technology by temperature, time, and deodorizer pressure combinations (engineering of deodorization process) are studied and evaluated to obtain good quality of RPO. Crude palm oil (CPO) used in this research were supplied by PT. Salim Ivomas (Bimoli) Jakarta. The equipments used were degumming and neutralization unit, deodorization unit and other equipment units to analize the oil physico-chemical properties. The research consisted of 5 stages as the following: characterising CPO physico-chemical properties, conducting chemically degumming and deacidification, process enginering of deodorization, characterizing of physico-chemical properties and organoleptic of RPO resulted, and analyzing data for product resulted from process engineering applied. Deodorization with the range of temperature and process duration of 135–145 oC (408–418 K) and 1–4 hours have led to carotene retention decreasing (%) following the equation “Carotene Retention (%) = -764 x ln(absolute temperature) + 4693” and process duration with the equation “Carotene Retention (%) = -7.81 x ln(process duration) + 91.02”; and also resulted odor intensity with the equation “Odor Intensity = 0.08 x (squared absolute temperature) – 66.88 x (absolute temperature) + 13823” and duration process with the equation “Odor Intensity = 0.315 x (squared process duration) – 1.52 x (process duration) + 5.268”. Effective deodorization to produce RPO with the content of free fatty acid and peroxide value that met the requirements of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) quality of carotene content above 400 ppm and odor scale below 3.3, were the combination of temperature (T) of 141.34 oC, heat process duration (t) of 2.35 hours and vacuum pressure of (P) of 20 mmHg. The resulted RPO contained free fatty acid and peroxide value of 0.11% dan 0.12 meq/kg oil respectively, total carotene of 444.09 ppm and odor value of 3.21  


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