scholarly journals Biodiversity of Trichoderma antagonist saprophytic fungi and its use for biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease on shallots at Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012123
Author(s):  
I M Sudantha ◽  
S Suwardji
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Saprophytic Fungi ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Lombok Island

Abstract One of the obstacles in the development of shallots in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) is the presence of Fusarium wilt disease. The use of antagonistic saprophytic fungi Trichoderma spp. is a biological control technique. The aim of this research is to explore the biodiversity of Trichoderma spp. and its use for controlling Fusarium wilt disease. Research using exploratory methods conducted at the shallot planting center on Lombok Island included isolation of antagonistic saprophytic fungi, purification and identification of isolates. Furthermore, research was carried out in the laboratory using experimental methods including in-vitro antagonism tests by direct opposition and culture steam. The research was continued in Greenhouses in planta and in field conditions in the Highlands of Sembalun Village, Medium Plains of Santong Village and Senteluk Village Lowlands. The results concluded that: there were 6 isolates of saprophytic fungi that were antagonistic, namely T. viride, T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii, T. piluliferum, T. harzianum, and T. hamatum. The mechanism of antagonism is physically through space competition, mycoparasites and antibiosis. Three isolates, namely T. virede, T. harzianum and T. hamatum, were effective in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease and even causing immunity.

scholarly journals Phenolic Acid-Degrading Consortia Increase Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance of Chrysanthemum

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhou ◽  
Zhongyou Ma ◽  
Xiaoming Lu ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jianfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Conducive Soil

Soil microbial community changes imposed by the cumulative effects of root-secreted phenolic acids (PAs) promote soil-borne pathogen establishment and invasion under monoculture systems, but the disease-suppressive soil often exhibits less soil-borne pathogens compared with the conducive soil. So far, it remains poorly understood whether soil disease suppressiveness is associated with the alleviated negative effects of PAs, involving microbial degradation. Here, the long-term monoculture particularly shaped the rhizosphere microbial community, for example by the enrichment of beneficial Pseudomonas species in the suppressive soil and thus enhanced disease-suppressive capacity, however this was not observed for the conducive soil. In vitro PA-degradation assays revealed that the antagonistic Pseudomonas species, together with the Xanthomonas and Rhizobium species, significantly increased the efficiency of PA degradation compared to single species, at least partially explaining how the suppressive soil accumulated lower PA levels than the conducive soil. Pot experiments further showed that this consortium harboring the antagonistic Pseudomonas species can not only lower PA accumulation in the 15-year conducive soils, but also confer stronger Fusarium wilt disease suppression compared with a single inoculum with the antagonistic bacteria. Our findings demonstrated that understanding microbial community functions, beyond the single direct antagonism, facilitated the construction of active consortia for preventing soil-borne pathogens under intensive monoculture.

scholarly journals Uji Ketahanan Planlet Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl.) Hasil Seleksi dengan Asam Salisilat Terhadap Fusarium oxysporum Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria Aulia Noviantia ◽  
Endang Nurcahyani ◽  
Martha Lulus Lande
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Selection For

Phalaenopsis amabilis cultivated have many constraints such as the appearance of fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Plantlet P.amabilis which resistant to F. Oxysporum was selected in the solid Vacin and Went (VW) medium was added with salicylic acid at concentrations of 65 ppm, 75 ppm, and 85 ppm, compared with controls (0 ppm). The goals of the research were to study and determine of: 1) The SA concentration of planlet P. amabilis selection tolerant; 2) The proper concentration of AS during in vitro selection for suppressing the Fo. The research was carried out in December 2015 to February 2016 in the Botany Laboratory (in vitro research room), Departement of Biology, Faculty of MIPA, Lampung University. The result showed that: 1) The SA tolerant concentration for plantlet selection with P. amabilis was between 65 ppm - 85 ppm. 2) The 85 ppm of SA was effective for suppressing the Fo compared to 65 ppm and 75 ppm. Keywords: Phalaenopsis amabilis, salicylic acid, Fusarium oxysporum, In vitro, Resistance.

scholarly journals In Vitro Induced Resistance of Fusarium Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) by Salicylic Acid in Shallot CV ‘Bima Brebes’

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Toxic Symptom ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cepae (Foc) is one of the most important diseases of onion in Indonesia. Induced resistance was one of the effective techniques to acquire resistance to fusarium wilt in shallot. Salicylic acid (SA) had been inferred to be in endogenous signal in the systemic acquired resistance response of plants. This research aimed to study the effect of exogenously added SA to resistance in shallot callus cv ‘Bima Brebes’ to fusarium wilt disease in vitro; and to determine the effective concentration of SA to induce resistance. A group of shallot callus was grown in MS medium containing varying SA concentration (0, 15, 20 and 25 ppm) in vitro for 2 weeks. Then, the callus were treated with toxin of Fusarium oxysporum, namely fusaric acid, to have observe the resistance response. In vitro selection was done twice in different fusaric acid concentration. Application of exogenous SA at all concentration did not suppres time of appearance of disease symptom yet. Toxic symptom in the callus was shown by the browning or blackening (off) of callus. Salicylic acid at concentration of 20 ppm effectively reduced the toxic symptom up to 16.66% and supported callus regeneration better than the concentration of 15 ppm and 25 ppm. The number of resistant callus regenerated was 66.67% at pretreatment of 20 ppm of SA.

scholarly journals A Novel Antifungal Actinomycete Streptomyces sp. Strain H3-2 Effectively Controls Banana Fusarium Wilt

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niexia Zou ◽  
Dengbo Zhou ◽  
Yinglong Chen ◽  
Ping Lin ◽  
Yufeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens ◽  
Environmentally Sound

Banana Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxyspoum f. sp. cubense (Foc) seriously threatens the banana industry. Foc tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) can infect almost all banana cultivars. Compared with traditional physical and chemical practices, biocontrol strategy using beneficial microbes is considered as an environmentally sound option to manage fungal disease. In this study, a strain, H3-2, isolated from a non-infected banana orchard, exhibited high antifungal activity against Foc TR4. According to its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, the strain H3-2 was identified as Streptomyces sp. and convinced by the polymorphic phylogenic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences. Extracts of the strain H3-2 suppressed the growth and spore germination of Foc TR4 in vitro by destroying cell membrane integrity and mycelial ultrastructure. Notably, the strain and its extracts showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against the selected seven fungal phytopathogens. Fourteen chemical compounds in the extracts were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC-MS), primarily phenolic compounds. Additional pot inoculation experiment demonstrated that the fermentation broth of the strain H3-2 promoted the growth of banana seedlings by efficiently inhibiting the spread of banana Fusarium wilt disease. This study demonstrated the potential application of the novel Streptomyces sp. H3-2 for the management of banana Fusarium wilt.

Reaction and growth of cucumber hybrids grafted on hybrid squash in response to infection with Fusarium wilt disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 027-035
Author(s):  
Alaa Ibrahim ◽  
◽  
Omar Hmmoudi ◽  
George Asmar ◽  
Naser Sheikh Suleiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

Biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt disease by a new Moringa endophytic Aspergillus isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Aldinary ◽  
Amer Morsy Abdelaziz ◽  
Ayman A. Farrag ◽  
Mohamed S. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease
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