Study on milky haemolymph diseases infection in wild and cultured of spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus in Indonesia

Abstract Milky Haemolymph Disease in Spiny Lobster (MHD-SL) is the most pathogenic diseases in spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus). Research on MHD-SL infection has not been undertaken in Indonesia. Therefore, present study aims to determine the infection of MHD-SL lobster. In 2016 a total of 240 lobsters for 30 each both from wild and cultured sample were collected from four locations (Candi Kusuma Bay of Bali Island, Gerupuk, Awang, and Telong-Elong Bays of Lombok Island) and in 2019, 50 lobster samples were collected for artificial infection study. While in January 2020, another 40 lobsters were collected from 2 different sites of culture (coastal and offshore cages) within Telong Elong Bay to determine infection of MHD-SL and for transmission study. The MHD-SL diseased was first check by clinical sign and confirmed by PCR-DNA molecular with specific primer of 254 bp. An experimental infection of MHD-SL was carried out by injection and cohabitation. The result showed that infected MHD-SL lobster shows inactive, loose appetite to eat, reddish and white colour of abdomen then moribund and all positive by PCR test. MHD-SL was found only in cultured lobster on the cages located at coastal water and no in the cages located at offshore within Telong-Elong Bay. In the experiment of artificial infection, either by injection or cohabitation, shows clinical sign of MHD-SL appeared at 8 days and all died after 14 days for both treatments. The present study approved that MHD-SL is pathogenic agent belonged to Rickettsia-like bacterium and infection occurred by horizontal transmission.

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Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis of bovine detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test in AL-Diwanyia province

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences ◽

10.29079/vol12iss2art263 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Gh. K. A. Al-kuzaay ◽

Q. H. Kshash

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Specific Primer ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Bacteriological Testing ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Pcr Test

This study was conducted for exam 348 milk samples from (clinically mastitic and other healthy cows) in many areas in AL-Diwanyia province by using CMT and bacteriological testing , which appeared that (64.9%) as percentage of mastitis ( clinically 15.9% , subclinically 84.0% ) Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis 13.2% ( 26.6% clinically , 73.3 % subclinicaly) diagnose by PCR assay by using specific primer (16SrRNA). Streptococcus agalactiae (30 isolates) after classical methods applied for streptococcus agalactiae identification (86 isolates).

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EXPERIMENTAL INFECTIONS OF MILKY HEMOLYMPH DISEASE IN SPINY LOBSTER Panulirus homarus

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal ◽

10.15578/iaj.13.1.2018.31-40 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Sudewi Sudewi ◽

Zeny Widiastuti ◽

Bejo Slamet ◽

Ketut Mahardika

Keyword(s):

Experimental Infection ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Spiny Lobster ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Connective Tissues ◽

Cumulative Mortality ◽

Muscle Tissues

Milky hemolymph disease of spiny lobster (MHD-SL) is categorized as the most destructive disease in farming spiny lobster. Therefore, it is required to investigate the routes of milky disease infection in spiny lobster as a basic knowledge in order to prevent milky disease transmission. The aim of the present study was to perform an experimental infection of milky disease in spiny lobster Panulirus homarus. Experimental infection of milky disease was carried out by several modes of infection which were injection, immersion and per os exposure. Injection of each 0.2 mL undiluted and diluted hemolymph from the diseased lobster resulted in a cumulative mortality of 100% at 15 days post-infection (dpi), and 75% at 16 dpi, respectively. Experimental infection through water immersion caused in a cumulative mortality of 50% at 7 dpi. In contrast, no mortality was observed in per os exposure as well as in control groups. Results of this experimental study provided evidence for horizontal transmission of MHD-SL among P. homarus. Histopathological analysis exhibited that there were masses of Rickettsia-like bacteria (RLB) in the connective tissues of the gill, hepatopancreas, gonad, midgut, and muscle tissues of the affected lobsters. Mass of RLB was not only found in the moribund lobsters but also in the surviving lobsters with milky hemolymph appearance.

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Relative Virulence of Botrytis cinerea and B. mali in Apple Lesions

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2010-0920-01-rs ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Reza H. Etebarian ◽

Daniel T. O'Gorman ◽

Peter L. Sholberg

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Apple Fruit ◽

The Other ◽

Specific Primer ◽

Fluorescent Intensity ◽

Other Hand ◽

Apple Tissue ◽

Pcr Test

Botrytis cinerea and recently B. mali have been identified as important postharvest pathogens of apples in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Three isolates of both B. cinerea and B. mali were studied alone and in combination by inoculating mature ‘Gala’ apple fruit to compare their potential for causing decay. The fruit were incubated at 20°C for 6 and 8 days when lesion areas were calculated from lesion diameters. The lesion areas in apples inoculated with B. cinerea ranged from 1020 to 1514 mm2 compared to 130 to 293 mm2 for B. mali after 6 days. Primers developed to specifically amplify B. mali or B. cinerea were used in a PCR test to determine which Botrytis spp. was present in a particular lesion and estimate the quantity of each species. Relative fluorescent intensity of DNA extracted from apple tissue co-inoculated with B. cinerea + B. mali and amplified with the B. cinerea specific primer averaged 102.3%. On the other hand, the fluorescence produced by the B. mali primer averaged only 11.6% from the same DNA samples. These results confirmed that when both B. cinerea and B. mali are mixed together, B. cinerea becomes the dominant pathogen. Accepted for publication 2 July 2010. Published 20 September 2010.

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STUDYING THE OUTPUT SELECTIVE MATERIAL OF POTATO ACCORDING TO RESISTANCE TO POTATO BLIGHT

10.47279/2709-3727-2021-1-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 36-43

Author(s):

V.V. HORDIENKO ◽

V.V. KANAILO ◽

T.V. KANAILO

Keyword(s):

Genetic Resources ◽

Phytophthora Infestans ◽

High Resistance ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Research Station ◽

Artificial Infection ◽

Potato Blight ◽

Pathogenic Agent ◽

Research Results

The research results estimate the backcrossing of multispecies hybrids developed in the genetic resources laboratory at the Institute of Potato Growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, as well as at the Transcarpathian State Agricultural Research Station of the NAASU on the issue of resistance to potato blight. Artificial infection has been done by fungus inoculum Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary to multispecies hybrids of the intensively studied seedbed of 127 samples. A significant phenotype polymorphism of the samples’ resistance to the pathogenic agent has been determined. Furthermore, forms with high resistance to potato blight and economically valuable characteristics were singled out. Keywords potato, backcrossing of interspecific hybrids, resistance, blight, economically valuable characteristics.

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Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Experimental Horizontal Transmission of Induced by Artificial Infection with Enterococcus seriolicida in Yellowtail.

Fish Pathology ◽

10.3147/jsfp.32.43 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 43-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yutaka Fukuda ◽

Masashi Maita ◽

Koh-ichi Satoh ◽

Hiroshi Yamamoto ◽

Nobuaki Okamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Concentration ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽

Artificial Infection

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S.E.M.-T.E.M. Image Comparison

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100064712 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 132-133

Author(s):

G. M. Greene ◽

J. W. Sprys

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Low Carbon Steel ◽

Secondary Emission ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Preparation Time ◽

Actual Surface ◽

Fine Detail ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Transmission Study ◽

Large Sections

The present study demonstrates that fracture surfaces appear strikingly different when observed in the transmission electron microscope by replication and in the scanning electron microscope by backscattering and secondary emission. It is important to know what form these differences take because of the limitations of each instrument. Replication is useful for study of surfaces too large for insertion into the S.E.M. and for resolution of fine detail at high magnification with the T.E.M. Scanning microscopy reduces sample preparation time and allows large sections of the actual surface to be viewed.In the present investigation various modes of the S.E.M. along with the transmission mode in the T.E.M. were used to study one area of a fatigue surface of a low carbon steel. Following transmission study of a platinum carbon replica in the T.E.M. and S.E.M. the replica was coated with a gold layer approximately 200A° in thickness to improve electron emission.

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