scholarly journals Influence of inbreeding on the morphobiological characteristics of meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012050
Author(s):  
M Yu Novoselov ◽  
LV Drobysheva ◽  
OA Starshinova
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Lethal Mutations ◽  
Morphobiological Characteristics ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Linear Material ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Successive Generations

Abstract The influence of inbreeding on the morphobiological characteristics of meadow clover was revealed. Self-pollination, repeated in the number of successive generations, leads to an increase in homozygosity and to inbred depression, which increases from I1 to I3 generation and stabilizes in the I4 generation. It was found that in the I1 generation, according to the main morphobiological characteristics, there is no inward depression, but the maximum release of recessive lethal mutations is manifested, which amounted to 6.2%, and the survival rate of seedlings decreases (91.7%). By the I4 generation, the number of chlorophyll-free seedlings decreases to 1.4%. All the main morpho-biological indicators that determine the productivity of plants decrease from generation I1 to generation I3 by 1.5-2 times and stabilize in generation I4. Obtaining hybrid F1 offspring by crossing a linear material with an I4 induction level leads to the restoration of plant productivity indicators. When creating a linear material, an increase in the number of highly self-compatible genotypes from I1 to I4 generation by 60% is clearly traced. The data obtained make it possible to take into account the survival rate of seedlings, the cleavage of lethal and semi-lethal mutations, the degree of inbred depression in the formation of sample volumes when creating a linear material of meadow clover.

GENETIC SHIFT IN FINNISH TEPA RED CLOVER FROM SEED GROWN IN CANADA AND THE USA

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
OTTO VALLE ◽  
KIRSTI ÄYRÄVÄINEN ◽  
D. A. COOKE ◽  
C. S. GARRISON
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Seed Increase ◽  
Genetic Shift ◽  
Actual Region

Seed lots of the Finnish tetraploid red clover Trifolium pratense L. cult Tepa produced in the USA and Canada were tested in space-planted and solid-seeded trials in Finland to reveal possible changes in cultivar performance that might arise from seed multiplication outside the cultivar’s actual region of adaptation. Despite up to four successive generations of seed increase in the USA, there were, according to the planting-year results of the Finnish trials, only minor changes in the growth type and flowering pattern. In the 2nd year of testing, however, the USA seed lots flowered significantly earlier than the Finnish basic seed lot. The USA seed lots equalled the Finnish-grown ones in winter survival and productivity. The Tepa seed lots from Canada likewise showed only minor cultivar shifts. The seed lots with least change were obtained from Saskatchewan, Canada, and Washington, USA. Since these two areas also produced satisfactory seed yields, they are considered suitable regions for commercial seed production of Tepa.

Comparisons of Floral Response of Seed Lots of Dollard Red Clover, Trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bula ◽  
R. G. May ◽  
C. S. Garrison ◽  
C. M. Rincker ◽  
J. G. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

scholarly journals THE INTERCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF MUTATIONS INDUCED IN OOCYTES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MUTAGENS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
H Traut
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Lethal Mutation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mutagenic Treatment ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Recessive Lethal ◽  
Lethal Mutations ◽  
X Irradiation

ABSTRACT When females of Drosophila melanogaster are treated with chemical or physical mutagens, not only in one but also in both of the two homologous X chromosomes of a given oocyte, a recessive sex-linked lethal mutation may be induced. A method is described that discriminates between such "single" and "double mutations." A theory is developed to show how a comparison between the expected and the observed frequency of double mutations yields an indication of the intercellular distribution (random or nonrandom) of recessive lethal mutations induced by mutagenic agents in oocytes and, consequently, of the distribution (homogeneous or nonhomogeneous) of those agents.—Three agents were tested: FUdR (12.5, 50.0 and 81.0,μg/ml), mitomycin C (130.0 μg/ml) and X rays (2000 R, 150 kV). After FUdR feeding, no increase in the mutation frequency usually observed in D. melanogaster without mutagenic treatment was obtained (u=0.13%, namely three single mutations among 2332 chromosomes tested). After mitomycin C feeding, 104. single and three double mutations were obtained. All of the 50 mutations observed after X irradiation were single mutations. The results obtained in the mitomycin C and radiation experiments favor the assumption of a random intercellular distribution of recessive lethal mutations induced by these two agents in oocytes of D. melanogaster. Reasons are discussed why for other types of mutagenic agents nonrandom distributions may be observed with our technique.

scholarly journals Volatile Constituents of Trifolium Pratense and T. Repens from N.E. Italian Alpine Pastures

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Tava ◽  
Daniele Ramella ◽  
Maris Grecchi ◽  
Paolo Aceto ◽  
Renato Paoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

The composition of the volatile fraction of two important forage legumes from Italian sub-alpine N.E. pastureland, namely Trifolium pratense L. subsp. pratense (red clover) and T. repens subsp. repens (white clover) were investigated. The volatile oil was obtained from the fresh aerial parts by steam distillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.018 and 0.021% (weight/fresh weight basis) for T. pratense and T. repens, respectively. Several classes of compounds were found in both the oils, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, terpenes, esters, hydrocarbons, phenolics and acids. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found.

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