Volatile Constituents of Trifolium Pratense and T. Repens from N.E. Italian Alpine Pastures

The composition of the volatile fraction of two important forage legumes from Italian sub-alpine N.E. pastureland, namely Trifolium pratense L. subsp. pratense (red clover) and T. repens subsp. repens (white clover) were investigated. The volatile oil was obtained from the fresh aerial parts by steam distillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.018 and 0.021% (weight/fresh weight basis) for T. pratense and T. repens, respectively. Several classes of compounds were found in both the oils, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, terpenes, esters, hydrocarbons, phenolics and acids. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found.

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Volatile Constituents of Festuca nigrescens, Phleum alpinum and Poa alpina from N.W. Italian Alpine Pastures

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600124 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aldo Tava ◽

Roberto Cecotti ◽

Maris Grecchi ◽

Luca Falchero ◽

Mauro Coppa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steam Distillation ◽

Summer Season ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Alpine Pastures ◽

Type Apparatus

The composition of the volatile fractions of three important grasses from subalpine N.W. Italian pastures, namely Festuca nigrescens Lam. non Gaudin (chewing fescue), Phleum alpinum L. (alpine timothy) and Poa alpina L. (alpine bluegrass) was investigated. The fresh aerial parts were collected at the flowering stage during the summer season. The volatile oils obtained from green tissues by steam distillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.04 ± 0.01% weight/fresh weight bases for each of the investigated species. Several classes of compounds were found in the volatile fractions, including aldehydes, alcohols, acids, hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, terpenes, and phenolics. Qualitative and quantitative differences were observed.

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Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe pisi on Alfalfa in Idaho and Oregon

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2001.85.6.678b ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 85 (6) ◽

pp. 678-678 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. K. Mohan ◽

V. P. Bijman ◽

D. R. Miller

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Seed Production ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

Personal Communication ◽

The United States ◽

Erysiphe Pisi ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Trifolium Pratense L

During July to November 2000, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants with powdery mildew symptoms were observed in commercial hay and seed fields, research plots, and a greenhouse in southwestern Idaho (Canyon County) and eastern Oregon (Malheur County). Affected leaves and stems showed white, effuse, dense, amphigenous mycelium bearing Oidium conidia, often with necrotic, brown blotches or streaks. In July, symptoms and signs were found mostly on the lower stems and leaves, but by October, all aerial parts of the plants were involved. Based on location of the mycelium and the conidiophore and conidial characteristics, the fungus was identified as Erysiphe pisi (J. C. David, personal communication). Cleistothecia were not observed. Natural incidence of the disease, which varied from less than 5% infected plants in July to more than 90% infected plants in November, was observed in commercial fields of cvs. Pioneer 53V08 (hay), Sparta (hay), and DS 907 (seed); in research (seed production) plots on cvs. Alfagraze, Anchor, Barrier, Beaver, Cut'N'Graze, Rambler, and Rangelander; and in the greenhouse on cvs. Aggressor, Archer II, Nemagone, Pecos, and Robust. Greenhouse inoculations by dusting with conidia from infected alfalfa plants (cv. Pioneer 53V08) demonstrated the susceptibility of alfalfa cvs. Affinity, Amerigraze, Innovator, and Salado and pea (Pisum sativum L.) cvs. Aladdin, Badger, Bolero, Cabree, Dwarf Gray Sugar, Early Perfection, Encore, Lazor, Maestro, Melting Sugar, Novella, Pursur, Somerwood, Spring, Stampede, and Sugar Ann. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cvs. Redland, Redland II, and Premier showed positive but limited symptoms (smaller colonies, scant mycelium, and brown necrosis) following inoculation. Uninoculated control plants remained free from powdery mildew. Previous reports of powdery mildew on alfalfa in the United States (2) have attributed it to E. polygoni (Massachusetts and Wyoming) or Oidium sp. (Hawaii). Recently, powdery mildew caused by E. pisi was reported from alfalfa in research nurseries and greenhouses in Wisconsin (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of powdery mildew of alfalfa caused by E. pisi in the northwestern U.S., and may constitute a potential new problem for hay and seed production in this region. References: (1) J. I. Edmunds et al. Plant Dis. 82:832, 1998. (2) D. F. Farr et al. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. APS Press, St. Paul, MN.

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Volatile Constituents of Trifolium pratense spp. nivale Quantified at Different Growth Stages, and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Activity

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300801131 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300801 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Roberto Cecotti ◽

Emanuele Carpana ◽

Patrizia Bergomi ◽

Aldo Tava

Keyword(s):

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Fresh Plant Material ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Southwestern Alps ◽

Different Growth Stages

The composition of the volatile fraction of Trifolium pratense L. ssp. nivale (Sieber) Asch. et Gr. from the southwestern Alps was investigated. Fresh aerial parts were collected in the summer at three different growth stages, namely vegetative, flowering and fruiting. The oils obtained by steam-distillation accounted for 0.006 to 0.011% of the fresh plant material and their composition was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. Several classes of compounds were found, with a predominance of alcohols in all phases, followed by aldehydes, hydrocarbons, terpenes, phenolics, ketones, acids and esters. The oil composition varied both in quantity and quality; the most abundant compounds were oct-1-en-3-ol and phenylacetaldehyde in the vegetative and flowering phases, and phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylethanol in the fruiting phase. The essential oils obtained were tested for activity against two major bee pests, i.e. Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius, and against a reference bacterial species, Bacillus subtilis.

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Composition of Volatile Fraction from Inflorescences and Leaves of Dendrobium moschatum (Orchidaceae)

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300127 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna ◽

Cinzia Boselli ◽

Adele Papetti ◽

Barbara Mannucci ◽

Jacopo Calevo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steam Distillation ◽

Critical Role ◽

Dimethyl Disulfide ◽

Weight Basis ◽

Ethyl Esters ◽

Volatile Fraction ◽

Methyl Ketones ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Fresh Weight Basis ◽

Long Chain

The volatile fractions from fresh inflorescences and leaves of Dendrobium moschatum (Buchanan-Hamilton) Swartz (Orchidaceae) were isolated by steam distillation with a yield of 0.498% and 0.041% (weight/fresh weight basis), respectively. From GC/FID and GC/MS analyses, coumarin was identified to be the most abundant constituent and quantified as 48.8% and 47.8% of the total volatiles from inflorescences and leaves, respectively. Hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, acids and aldehydes were also detected. Long chain mono unsaturated hydrocarbons were quantified in higher amount in leaves and their structures were elucidated by GC/MS of their dimethyl disulfide derivatives. These compounds together with long chain ethyl esters and methyl ketones may represent a particular feature of this plant species and can play a critical role in the interaction with pollinator insect.

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