scholarly journals Genesis and evolution of magmas according to data on hot heterogeneous accretion of the Earth

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shkodzinskiy
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Magnetic Forces ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Magmatic Ocean

Abstract The obtained numerous proofs of hot heterogeneous accretion of the Earth lead to a fundamentally new solution to the problems of genesis and evolution of magmas. According to these data, the Earth’s core was formed earlier than the silicate mantle as a result of the agglutination of iron particles of the protoplanetary disk under the influence of magnetic forces, because with a small body size, these forces were billions of times more powerful thangravitational ones. The accretion of the silicate mantle created a global magmatic ocean under the influence of impact heat release. Its bottom part crystallized and fractionated as a result of the pressure increase of the formed upper parts. Cumulates formed the ultrabasic mantle, and residual melts formed the magmatic ocean. The increase in ocean temperature and depth caused the evolution of bottom residual melts from acidic to ultrabasic, the appearance of corresponding layers in the ocean, and the reverse geothermal gradient in the mantle. As a result of the cooling and crystallization of the ocean from top to bottom after 3.8 billion years ago early Precambrian crystal complexes, acidic crust, and the lithosphere of ancient platforms were formed. The separation of residual melts from various layers caused the evolution of magmatism on them from acidic to akaline-ultramafic and kimberlite. Heating of the mantle by a high-temperature core led to the appearance of a direct geothermal gradient at the end of the Proterozoic, convection in the mantle, and modern geodynamic environments. In them, magmas are formed by the frictional and decompression melting of the differentiates of the magmatic ocean.

scholarly journals Генезис магм с позиции горячей гетерогенной аккреции Земли

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
V. S. Shkodzinskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Gradient ◽  
Heat Emission ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Early Precambrian ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Magmatic Ocean

The obtained numerous proofs of hot heterogeneous accretion of the Earth lead to a fundamentally new solution of the magma genesis problem. According to these data, in the course of the silicate mantle accretion, the global magmatic ocean emerged under the impact heat emission. Its bottom part crystallized and fractionated as a result of the pressure increase of the upper parts being formed. Cumulates formed the ultrabasic mantle; residual melts, the magmatic ocean. The increase in ocean temperature and depth caused the evolution of bottom residual melts from acidic to ultrabasic, the appearance of corresponding layers in the ocean, and the reverse geothermal gradient in the mantle. The top-down cooling and crystallization of the ocean, 3.8 billion years ago, Early Precambrian crystal complexes, acidic crust, and the lithosphere of ancient platforms were formed. The separation of residual melts from various layers determined the evolution of magmatism from acidic to alkaline-ultramafic and kimberlite. Heating of the mantle by a high-temperature core resulted in the appearance of a direct geothermal gradient at the end of the Proterozoic, convection in the mantle, and modern geodynamic environments. In the latter, magmas are formed by the frictional and decompression remelting of the magmatic ocean differentiates.

A new species of Liolaemus (Reptilia: Iguanidae) from San Guillermo National Park, western Argentina

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1361 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIO C. MONGUILLOT ◽  
MARIO R. CABRERA ◽  
JUAN C. ACOSTA ◽  
JOSE VILLAVICENCIO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Dorsal Pattern ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Iguanidae Liolaemini lizard from the San Guillermo National Park in western Argentina, is described. The new species is a member of the Liolaemus darwinii complex within the monophyletic boulengeri species group. It is distinguished by its small body size, relatively long tail, low number of scales around midbody, dorsal scales moderately keeled, precloacal pores only in male, bulged patch of enlarged scales on the proximal posterior surface of the thigh in both sexes, dorsal pattern lacking of light vertebral or dorsolateral stripes, antehumeral fold without black pigment in female but greyish in male, a prescapular dark dot dorsal to antehumeral fold in both sexes, and postscapular spot absent. The new species is terrestrial, living in habitats with gravel and sandy soil in an Andean Monte landscape with sparse vegetation, above 2270 meters of altitude.

The Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) of the Langbian Plateau, southern Vietnam, with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2804 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRYAN L. STUART ◽  
JODI J. L. ROWLEY ◽  
DAO THI ANH TRAN ◽  
DUONG THI THUY LE ◽  
HUY DUC HOANG
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
A New Species

We sampled two forms of Leptobrachium in syntopy at the type locality of L. pullum at upper elevations on the Langbian Plateau, southern Vietnam. The two forms differed in morphology (primarily in coloration), mitochondrial DNA, and male advertisement calls. One form closely agrees with the type series of L. pullum (but not to its original description due to error), and the other is described as new. Leptobrachium leucops sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by having small body size (males with SVL 38.8–45.2), the upper one-third to one-half of iris white, a blue scleral arc, a dark venter, and sexually active males without spines on the upper lip. Leptobrachium pullum and L. mouhoti, a recently described species from low-elevation slopes of the Langbian Plateau in eastern Cambodia, are morphologically divergent but genetically similar, warranting further investigation into geographic variation in the red-eyed Leptobrachium of southern Indochina.

scholarly journals Adaptive significance of small body size under poor socio-economic conditions in southern Peru

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roberto Frisancho ◽  
Jorge Sanchez ◽  
Danilo Pallardel ◽  
Lizandro Yanez
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Southern Peru

Decline of Cane Toad, Bufo-Marinus, Populations - Status of Urban Toads

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Freeland ◽  
BLJ Delvinquier ◽  
B Bonnin
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
High Food ◽  
Cane Toad ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Low Rate

Cane toads from an urban population in Townsville, Qld, exhibit poor body condition and small body size, as do toads in populations around Townsville which have declined in numbers. The small body size and poor condition are associated with a high food intake and a low rate of parasitism. The results suggest that decline of rural populations is not a product of parasitism, or food and or water shortages related to unusually adverse seasonal conditions. Populations of cane toads around Townsville declined more than 3 years before this study.

scholarly journals Costs for health care of Holstein cows selected for large versus small body size

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 5384-5392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Becker ◽  
B.J. Heins ◽  
L.B. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Small Body Size

Completeness of the fossil record: Estimating losses due to small body size

Geology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Cooper ◽  
Phillip A. Maxwell ◽  
James S. Crampton ◽  
Alan G. Beu ◽  
Craig M. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Small Body Size
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