Study on preparation of chito-oligosaccharide by cellulase hydrolysis

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have potential applications in the development of innovative materials and enhancement of conventional materials properties. This paper focused on the mixed cellulase hydrolysis with major activity of exoglucanase and endoglucanase on the cellulose length shearing. By the cooperation of two-step production route, including (1) enzymatic pretreatment using cellulase fromTrichoderma virideand (2) mechanical grinding twice, a shorter cellulose nanofiber was fabricated. The influence of enzymatic charge and hydrolysis time on cellulose fibers was analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). SEM images revealed that the surface morphology change, effective diameter sharpening, and length shearing of cellulose fibers are as a result of cellulase hydrolysis. The XRD suggested that the cellulase acted on the amorphous regions more strongly than the crystalline domains during layer-by-layer hydrolysis. The enzymatic charge and hydrolysis time significantly affected the yields and hydrolysis products concentration. The enzymatic pretreatment assisted mechanical grinding could improve the uniformity of CNF and helped to obtain CNF with exact length according to the requirement for special applications.

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Cellulase Hydrolysis of Wood Pulps

Sen-ito Kogyo ◽

10.2115/fiber1968.4.22 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 22-27

Author(s):

YOSHITAKA OGIWARA ◽

KENICHIRO ARAI

Keyword(s):

Wood Pulps ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Cellulase Hydrolysis

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An Easy and Practical Method for Detection and Estimation of Microcrystalline Cellulose in Pasteurized Milk

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/94.2.660 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 660-663

Author(s):

Chi Zhang ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Ling Qiao

Keyword(s):

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Efficient Method ◽

Empirical Formula ◽

Cellulase Activity ◽

Practical Method ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Detection Sensitivity ◽

Pasteurized Milk ◽

Background Value ◽

Cellulase Hydrolysis

Abstract Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is suspected to be a new adulteration in pasteurized milk in China, yet an efficient method for MCC detection in dairy has not been established. This study presents a novel procedure to detect and estimate MCC in pasteurized milk using dialysis, cellulase hydrolysis, and a reducing sugar assay. The background value of reducing sugar was eliminated by dialysis, and cellulase activity toward MCC was stable in dialyzed milk. A criterion for MCC detection and an empirical formula for MCC estimation were summarized based on the reducing sugar variation after hydrolysis. The detection sensitivity was below 0.5 g/L. Reducing sugar distribution after cellulase-catalyzed hydrolysis was examined by HPLC, and revealed that most of the detected sugar was glucose. This paper describes a practical method for detection of MCC in pasteurized milk that might benefit dairy QC.

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Biocompatibility Evaluation of Cellulose Nanowhisker from Bamboo Fibers for Potential Applications of Drug Delivery In Vitro

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.787.468 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 787 ◽

pp. 468-473

Author(s):

Yong Zhang ◽

Lan Ma ◽

Ye Li Yu ◽

Ju Ming Yao

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Oral Drug ◽

Cytotoxicity Test ◽

Cellulose Nanowhisker ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Bamboo Fibers ◽

Cellulase Hydrolysis

The biocompatibility of the cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) from cellulase hydrolysis was evaluated in vitro for potential applications in drug delivery system. The assessments were comprised of cytotoxicity analysis and proliferation of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells that were cultured with the resultant CNW. Some morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of the CNW were investigated. The cellulase hydrolysis conditions were optimized at a cellulase dosage of 0.01 mL/g dried fibers, a hydrolysis temperature of 60 °C, hydrolysis time of 3 h and bamboo fiber concentration of 2 wt%. Under these conditions, the as-prepared CNW retained more properties similar to the original bamboo fibers than those fabricated by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Indirect cytotoxicity test of the CNW revealed it non-toxicity to the cells. The proliferation of the MG-63 cells with the CNW from cellulase hydrolysis was better than that from sulfuric acid hydrolysis. These results together with the fact that the cellulose hydrolysis preparation of CNW is simple and inexpensive make it a good candidate for the design of oral drug delivery device.

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