Rigid Borel sets and better quasi-order theory

1987 ◽  
pp. 199-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fons van Engelen ◽  
Arnold W. Miller ◽  
John Steel
Keyword(s):  
Order Theory ◽  
Borel Sets ◽  
Quasi Order ◽  
Better Quasi Order

scholarly journals Reverse mathematics and the equivalence of definitions for well and better quasi-orders

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Cholak ◽  
Alberto Marcone ◽  
Reed Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Mathematics ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Base System ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Second Order Arithmetic ◽  
Finite Set ◽  
Combinatorial Principles ◽  
Quasi Order ◽  
Order Arithmetic ◽  
Better Quasi Order

In reverse mathematics, one formalizes theorems of ordinary mathematics in second order arithmetic and attempts to discover which set theoretic axioms are required to prove these theorems. Often, this project involves making choices between classically equivalent definitions for the relevant mathematical concepts. In this paper, we consider a number of equivalent definitions for the notions of well quasi-order and better quasi-order and examine how difficult it is to prove the equivalences of these definitions.As usual in reverse mathematics, we work in the context of subsystems of second order arithmetic and take RCA0 as our base system. RCA0 is the subsystem formed by restricting the comprehension scheme in second order arithmetic to formulas and adding a formula induction scheme for formulas. For the purposes of this paper, we will be concerned with fairly weak extensions of RCA0 (indeed strictly weaker than the subsystem ACA0 which is formed by extending the comprehension scheme in RCA0 to cover all arithmetic formulas) obtained by adjoining certain combinatorial principles to RCA0. Among these, the most widely used in reverse mathematics is Weak König's Lemma; the resulting theory WKL0 is extensively documented in [11] and elsewhere.We give three other combinatorial principles which we use in this paper. In these principles, we use k to denote not only a natural number but also the finite set {0, …, k − 1}.

A quasi-order on continuous functions

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Carroy
Keyword(s):  
Polish Space ◽  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Borel Sets ◽  
Borel Functions ◽  
Quasi Order

AbstractWe define a quasi-order on Borel functions from a zero-dimensional Polish space into another that both refines the order induced by the Baire hierarchy of functions and generalises the embeddability order on Borel sets. We study the properties of this quasi-order on continuous functions, and we prove that the closed subsets of a zero-dimensional Polish space are well-quasi-ordered by bi-continuous embeddability.

Order Theory of Alloy \(\beta - \text{CuZn}\)

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Dinh Tam ◽  
Pham Duy Tan ◽  
Nguyen Quang Hoc
Keyword(s):  
Order Theory

Qualitative Research on Critical Issues In Halal Logistics

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Syazwan Ab Talib ◽  
Lim Rubin ◽  
Vincent Khor Zhengyi
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Pecking Order Theory ◽  
Corporate Financing ◽  
Financing Decision

This is a preliminary study developed to explore the determinants of capital structure of Shariah-compliant firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. This study is primarily motivated by the issue of the determinants still being inconclusive in the area of capital structure. The study is performed using the static models namely Pool Ordinary Least Square, Fixed Effect and Random Effect Model. Empirical analysis on the determinants reveals that country specific factor which is GDP and sector specific factor which is industry concentration are also significant in influencing the corporate financing decisions in this country along with firm specific factors such as efficiency, bankruptcy risk, profitability, tangibility, liquidity and size of the firm. The findings revealed that results are sensitive to models employed in the study. Nevertheless, the applicability of capital structure theories such as the trade-off theory, agency theory and pecking order theory diverge across sectors in Malaysia. The pecking order theory and agency theory are found to be the dominant theories governing the corporate financing decision in the country as well. It indicates strong evidence of hierarchy practised in firms’ financing decision. The finding on agency theory being dominant justifies the function of short-term debt as a controlling mechanism to mitigate the agency problem arises within firms across sectors. 

Delamination analysis of sandwich beam - High-order theory

AIAA Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 981-986
Author(s):  
F. Minghui ◽  
L. Zuoqiu ◽  
Y. Jiuren
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Beam ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
High Order ◽  
High Order Theory

Panel Data Analysis of Determinants of Leverage in the Automobile Industry in India

GIS Business ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Vibha Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Coverage Ratio

The study tries to investigate the key determinants of capital structure of leading automobile companies and the Automobile Industry in India. The study also tracks the theory implications, i.e. trade off vs. pecking order in these firms and the industry in general. An attempt is to see, if individually each sample company and the whole industry are influenced by the same determinants of capital structure. Pooled ordinary least squares and panel data econometric techniques such as fixed effect models are used to investigate the most significant determinants that affect the capital structure choice of 10 leading companies categorized as BSE Auto Top 100 and the Automobile Industry as a whole for a period of 14 years from 2000–2001 to 2013–2014. The study reveals some interesting facts and results. Multiple regression analysis reveals that while profitability and size are significant determinants in most of the leading companies; NDTS, Growth, and Debt service coverage ratio are not significant for these companies. While the Panel data results of the Automobile Industry as a whole reveals that profitability is the only significant determinant having negative relationship with debt equity ratio; and the other variables are insignificant. Also individual companies coefficient results shows implications of mix of pecking order and trade off theories while the panel data results of the whole Industry strongly supports the Pecking order theory.

Consciousness, Metacognition, & Perceptual Reality Monitoring

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakwan Lau
Keyword(s):  
Epistemic Justification ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Belief Formation ◽  
Reality Monitoring ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Brute Fact ◽  
Higher Order Theory ◽  
Subjective Level

I introduce an empirically-grounded version of a higher-order theory of conscious perception. Traditionally, theories of consciousness either focus on the global availability of conscious information, or take conscious phenomenology as a brute fact due to some biological or basic representational properties. Here I argue instead that the key to characterizing the consciousness lies in its connections to belief formation and epistemic justification on a subjective level.

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