Effect of various exercises on frailty among older adults with subjective cognitive concerns: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background Physical exercise has been linked to reduced frailty, but there is insufficient evidence of beneficial effects in community-dwelling older adults with subjective cognitive concerns. Objective This study aimed to clarify the effects of physical exercise in this population. Design Single-blind randomised controlled trial. Setting Community sports centres. Participants Residents aged 65–85 years were screened using the Kihon checklist; those with subjective cognitive concerns were invited for eligibility assessment. In total, 415 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled and randomised. Methods This trial investigated the effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT) and combined training (AT+RT) programs on reducing frailty. All participants were randomised into one of the three intervention groups or the control group. Participants in the intervention groups underwent a group training program and self-paced home training for 26 weeks. The control group received lectures about health promotion. A 95-item frailty index (FI) was utilised to determine the effects of training. Participants were followed up at weeks 26 and 52. Results At baseline, mean age of all participants (47% women) was 72.3 ± 4.6 years, with a mean FI score of 0.3 ± 0.1. Compared with control group, AT improved total FI by 0.020 (CI −0.039 to −0.001, effect size −0.275) and the depression and anxiety component of FI by 0.051 (CI −0.084 to −0.018, effect size −0.469) at week 26, but the effects waned at week 52. No significant differences in FI were found in RT and AT+RT groups at weeks 26 and 52. Conclusions A 26-week AT reduced frailty modestly, especially in the depression and anxiety component, in older adults with subjective cognitive concerns.

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Effects of golf training on cognition in older adults: a randomised controlled trial

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2017-210052 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 (10) ◽

pp. 944-950 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Shimada ◽

Sangyoon Lee ◽

Masahiro Akishita ◽

Koichi Kozaki ◽

Katsuya Iijima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Training Group ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Logical Memory ◽

Randomised Controlled

BackgroundAlthough research indicates that a physically active lifestyle has the potential to prevent cognitive decline and dementia, the optimal type of physical activity/exercise remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine the cognitive benefits of a golf-training programme in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsWe conducted a randomised controlled trial between August 2016 and June 2017 at a general golf course. Participants included 106 Japanese adults aged 65 and older. Participants were randomly assigned to either a 24-week (90–120 min sessions/week) golf-training group or a health education control group. Postintervention changes in Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and National Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool scores were regarded as primary outcome measures. Secondary outcome measures included changes in physical performance and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores.ResultsA total of 100 participants (golf training, n=53; control, n=47) completed the assessments after the 24-week intervention period. The adherence to the golf programme was 96.2% (51/53 participants). Analysis using linear mixed models revealed that the golf training group exhibited significantly greater improvements in immediate logical memory (p=0.033), delayed logical memory (p=0.009) and composite logical memory (p=0.013) scores than the control group. However, no significant changes in MMSE, word memory, Trail Making Test or Symbol Digital Substitution Test scores were observed. In addition, no significant changes in grip strength, walking speed or GDS were observed.ConclusionsGolf-based exercise interventions may improve logical memory in older adults, but no significant changes in other cognitive tests. Further follow-up investigations are required to determine whether the observed effects are associated with delayed onset of mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease in older adults.Trial registration numberUMIN-CTR UMIN000024797; Pre-results.

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Can exposure to recipes increase dietary egg and protein intake in community dwelling older adults?: A randomised controlled trial

Appetite ◽

10.1016/j.appet.2018.05.247 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 130 ◽

pp. 318

Author(s):

Emmy van den Heuvel ◽

Jane L. Murphy ◽

Katherine M. Appleton

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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86 Developing the Adapted Lifestyle - Integrated Functional Exercise Programme in Thai Context (TLIFE) to Prevent Falls among Older Adults in Thailand: A Mixed Methods Study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afz164.86 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. iv18-iv27

Author(s):

Sasiporn Ounjaichon ◽

Chris Todd ◽

Emma Stanmore ◽

Elisabeth Boulton

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Control Group ◽

Functional Exercise ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Introduction Falls are the leading cause of injuries in older Thai adults. There is a need to develop a fall prevention exercise programme to encourage participation and adherence. The adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (aLiFE) programme may be suitable by integrating exercise into daily routines as opposed to attending an exercise class. This study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of the aLiFE programme in Thai context (TLiFE) among older Thai adults. Methods Based on the findings of a prior qualitative study, a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of TLiFE was conducted among community-dwelling older adults, comparing the TLiFE intervention group with a usual care control group. Outcome measures were analysed at baseline, 3 months, and after 6 months of the intervention. Results We recruited a total of 72 older adults into the RCT, randomised to TLiFE (n=36) and control (n=36). The retention rate at 6 months was 91.7%. Attendance in the intervention group (3 home visits and 4 follow-up calls) was 82.9%. There were no differences in fall incidence between the groups. The acceptability survey reveals TLiFE is easy to perform in daily life, safe, and useful. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion The TLiFE programme appears to be acceptable and feasible to deliver to community-dwelling older Thai adults. This feasibility study was not powered to detect a difference between groups. A further fully powered definitive randomised controlled trial of TLiFE is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness before it is integrated within the healthcare system in Thailand.

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