scholarly journals Whole-body protein turnover and resting energy expenditure in obese, prepubertal children

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Schutz ◽  
Clara M Rueda-Maza ◽  
Marco Zaffanello ◽  
Claudio Maffeis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Resting Energy

Leucine kinetics in endurance-trained humans

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Lamont ◽  
D. G. Patel ◽  
S. C. Kalhan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Leucine Kinetics ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Tracer Dilution ◽  
Resting Energy

This study compared whole-body leucine kinetics in endurance-trained (TRN) and sedentary (SED) control subjects. Eleven men and women (6 TRN, 5 SED) underwent a 6-h primed, constant-rate infusion of L-[1-13C]leucine. Leucine turnover and oxidation were measured using tracer dilution and by measuring 13C enrichment of expired CO2 combined with respiratory calorimetry. Whole-body leucine turnover was greater in the TRN subjects (P less than 0.004; TRN 98.3 +/- 5.0, SED 75.3 +/- 4.2 mumol.kg-1.h-1; mean +/- SE), but there was no difference between groups in leucine oxidation (TRN 13.1 +/- 0.97, SED 11.5 +/- 0.48 mumol.kg-1.h-1). Thus more leucine turnover was available for nonoxidative utilization. In addition, the TRN subjects had higher resting energy expenditures compared with the SED group, and when all subjects were included in the analysis, there was a significant correlation between energy expenditure and protein turnover (n = 11, R = 0.61, P = 0.05). Therefore the heightened resting energy expenditure in the TRN subjects may be accounted for by an increased whole-body protein turnover. These results suggest that endurance training results in increased leucine and/or protein turnover, which may contribute to the increased resting energy expenditure observed in these subjects.

Whole body protein metabolism and resting energy expenditure in pregnant Gambian women

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. E624-E631 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Willommet ◽  
Y. Schutz ◽  
R. Whitehead ◽  
E. Jequier ◽  
E. B. Fern
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Resting Energy

Whole body protein metabolism and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured at 11, 23, and 33 wk of pregnancy in nine pregnant (not malnourished) Gambian women and in eight matched nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL) matched controls. Rates of whole body nitrogen flux, protein synthesis, and protein breakdown were determined in the fed state from the level of isotope enrichment of urinary urea and ammonia during a period of 9 h after a single oral dose of [15N]glycine. At regular intervals, REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (hood system). Based on the arithmetic end-product average of values obtained with urea and ammonia, a significant increase in whole body protein synthesis was observed during the second trimester (5.8 +/- 0.4 g.kg-1.day-1) relative to values obtained both for the NPNL controls (4.5 +/- 0.3 g.kg-1.day-1) and those during the first trimester (4.7 +/- 0.3 g.kg-1.day-1). There was a significant rise in REE during the third trimester both in the preprandial and postprandial states. No correlation was found between REE after meal ingestion and the rate of whole body protein synthesis.

Protein and energy metabolism in chronic bacterial infection: studies in melioidosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas I. PATON ◽  
Brian ANGUS ◽  
Wipada CHAOWAGUL ◽  
Andrew J. SIMPSON ◽  
Yupin SUPUTTAMONGKOL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Anabolic Response ◽  
Resting Energy

Chronic infection is often accompanied by a wasting process, the metabolic basis of which is not fully understood. The aims of the present study were to measure protein and energy metabolism in patients with melioidosis (a serious and antibiotic-refractory Gram-negative bacterial infection which is endemic in South-East Asia) in order to define the metabolic abnormalities that might contribute to wasting. Whole-body protein turnover was measured using the [13C]leucine technique, both in the fasted state and while consuming a high-energy meal. Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry, and total energy expenditure by the bicarbonate/urea method. Results were normalized for fat-free mass, as estimated from skinfold thickness. Protein turnover was increased in melioidosis patients compared with healthy controls during fasting (170.9 compared with 124.1 µmol·kg-1·h-1; P = 0.04), but the net rate of catabolism (22.2 compared with 20.5 µmol·kg-1·h-1; P = 0.77) and the anabolic response to feeding were similar in the two groups. Resting energy expenditure was higher in melioidosis patients compared with controls (191.4 and 157.3 kJ·kg-1·day-1 respectively; P = 0.04), but total energy expenditure (measured in a separate group of eight patients with melioidosis) was low (192.1 kJ·kg-1·day-1). In conclusion, this study found no evidence of metabolic causative factors, such as accelerated net protein catabolism during fasting, a blunted anabolic response to feeding or increased daily energy expenditure, and therefore suggests that reduced energy intake is the prime cause of wasting. The observed normal response to feeding should encourage nutritional approaches to prevent wasting.

Whole Body Protein Turnover and Resting Metabolic Rate in Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Badaloo ◽  
Alan A. Jackson ◽  
Farook Jahoor
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Nitrogen Flux ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease

1. Whole body protein turnover and resting metabolic rate were measured in six adults with homozygous sickle cell disease (genotype HbSS) and in six normal adults (genotype HbAA) of similar age. 2. Turnover was measured with prime/intermittent oral doses of [15N]glycine over 18 h and resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. 3. In HbSS, nitrogen flux (0.9 ± 0.08 g day−1 kg−1), protein synthesis (6.0 ± 0.5 g day−1 kg−1) and protein degradation (5.6 ± 0.5 g day−1 kg−1) were significantly increased compared with HbAA nitrogen (flux 0.5 ± 0.02 g day−1 kg−1, protein synthesis 3.2 ± 0.2 g day−1 kg−1 and protein degradation 2.8 ± 0.2 g day−1 kg−1). 4. Resting energy expenditure was significantly higher in HbSS compared with HbAA when expressed per unit of body weight (115 ± 3 and 94 ± 4 kJ day−1 kg−1, respectively) or weight 0.75 (317 ± 6 and 269 ± 8 kJ day−1 kg−0.75, respectively). 5. The increase in protein turnover and energy expenditure suggest that patients with HbSS exist in a hypermetabolic state that requires greater dietary energy compared with HbAA.

Resting energy expenditure is not increased in prepubertal children with Alagille syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha J. Rovner ◽  
Virginia A. Stallings ◽  
David A. Piccoli ◽  
Andrew E. Mulberg ◽  
Babette S. Zemel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Alagille Syndrome ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Resting Energy

Accuracy and reliability of a portable indirect calorimeter compared to whole-body indirect calorimetry for measuring resting energy expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Purcell ◽  
Carlene Johnson-Stoklossa ◽  
Jenneffer Rayane Braga Tibaes ◽  
Alena Frankish ◽  
Sarah A. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals The relationship between organ-tissue body composition and resting energy expenditure in prepubertal children

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taishi Midorikawa ◽  
Yuki Hikihara ◽  
Megumi Ohta ◽  
Takafumi Ando ◽  
Suguru Torii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Resting Energy

Increased bone turnover is associated with protein and energy metabolism in adolescents with sickle cell anemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. E518-E527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej S. Buchowski ◽  
F. Alexander de la Fuente ◽  
Paul J. Flakoll ◽  
Kong Y. Chen ◽  
Ernest A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Body Protein

Contribution of bone turnover to the hypercatabolic state observed in sickle cell anemia is unknown. We examined the association between markers of bone turnover and basal rates of whole body protein turnover and energy expenditure in 28 adolescents with homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and in 26 matched controls with normal phenotype (HbAA). Whole body protein breakdown and synthesis were measured using a stable isotope of [15N]glycine, resting energy expenditure was measured by whole room indirect calorimetry, and the rate of pyridinoline cross-link (PYD) excretion in urine and fasting serum levels of the type I procollagen carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP) were measured with commercial kits. Urinary PYD and serum PICP were significantly elevated in HbSS patients. The increase in procollagen synthesis, indicated by high levels of PICP, was significantly correlated with increased whole body protein synthesis. The increase in type I collagen degradation, indicated by high PYD excretion, was significantly correlated with increased protein breakdown. We conclude that increased rates of bone turnover contribute to the increased rates of protein turnover and energy expenditure observed in adolescents with homozygous sickle cell anemia.

Energy expenditure and substrate metabolism measured by 24 h whole-body calorimetry in patients receiving cyclic and continuous total parenteral nutrition

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pullicino ◽  
G. R. Goldberg ◽  
M. Elia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Diet Induced Thermogenesis ◽  
Activity Energy ◽  
Resting Energy

1. Twenty-four hour energy expenditure and its components, i.e. ‘basal metabolic rate', activity energy expenditure and diet-induced thermogenesis were measured, using continuous whole-body indirect calorimetry, in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition while in remission from Crohn's disease (weight 51.9 ± 9.9 kg, body mass index 19.2 ± 2.0 kg/m2). 2. Total parenteral nutrition was infused continuously over 24 h in four subjects and cyclically, between 22.00 and 10.00 hours, in eight subjects. Twenty-four hour energy expenditure (6.83 ± 1.10 MJ/24 h) was lower than total energy intake (10.09 ± 1.63 MJ/24 h), resulting in a positive energy balance (3.26 ± 1.42 MJ) in all subjects. Repeated measurements of resting energy expenditure in the continuously fed subjects (5.82 ± 1.11 MJ/24 h) did not change significantly at different times of day (coefficient of variation 2.2–6.6%). In contrast, in cyclically fed subjects, resting energy expenditure was 24.2 ± 9.0% higher towards the end of the 12 h feeding period than the ‘basal metabolic rate', which was measured just before the start of the feeding period. 3. Diet-induced thermogenesis, calculated as the increment in resting energy expenditure above ‘basal metabolic rate’ over the 24 h period (adjusted for the reduction in energy expenditure during sleep), was found to be 0.60 ± 0.29 MJ or 6.1 ± 3.1% of the energy intake. 4. The energy cost of activity (activity energy expenditure) in the continuously fed patients, calculated as the difference between 24 h energy expenditure and the integrated 24 h measurements of resting energy expenditure, was 0.88 ± 0.53 MJ, i.e. 12.9 ± 5.9% of the 24 h energy expenditure. 5. The non-protein nonglycerol respiratory quotient exceeded 1.0 for varying periods of time (0.5–17 h) in 11 subjects, indicating net lipogenesis from carbohydrate. 6. The results demonstrate favourable rates of deposition, during intravenous feeding, of both energy and nitrogen over a 24 h period in patients recovering from an episode of Crohn's disease. The efficacy of these commonly used total parenteral nutrition regimens in these patients is related to three features that are absent in normal healthy individuals, namely a low basal metabolic rate, a low activity-related energy expenditure and prolonged periods of lipogenesis from carbohydrate.

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