Agarose Electrophoresis and Immunonephelometric Quantitation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulins: Criteria for Application in the Diagnosis of Neurologic Disease

Two cases of linear nevus sebaceous syndrome are described and a review of the eleven cases now reported in the literature is undertaken. The first patient has retardation, seizures, and classic ectodermal lesions while the second patient manifests typical cutaneous lesions and only an elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein as evidence of neurologic disease. The rationale for defining the syndrome as an entity distinct from other neurocutaneous syndromes is discussed and a pleomorphic presentation of the syndrome is suggested.

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Cerebrospinal fluid mtDNA concentration is elevated in multiple sclerosis disease and responds to treatment

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458517699874 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 472-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cyra E Leurs ◽

Petar Podlesniy ◽

Ramon Trullas ◽

Lisanne Balk ◽

Martijn D Steenwijk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Neurologic Disease ◽

Brain Volumes ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Disease ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology and may be relevant for clinical disease progression. However, it is unknown whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associate with disease progression and therapeutic response. Objectives: To evaluate whether CSF concentrations of mtDNA in MS patients can serve as a marker of ongoing neuropathology and may be helpful to differentiate between MS disease subtypes. To explore the effect of disease-modifying therapies on mtDNA levels in the CSF. Methods: CSF mtDNA was measured using a digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) CSF mtDNA in two independent MS cohorts. The cohorts included 92 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, 40 progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) patients (27 secondary progressive and 13 primary progressive), 50 various neurologic disease controls, and 5 healthy controls. Results: Patients with PMS showed a significant increase in CSF mtDNA compared to non-inflammatory neurologic disease controls. Patients with higher T2 lesion volumes and lower normalized brain volumes showed increased concentration of mtDNA. Patients treated with fingolimod had significantly lower mtDNA copy levels at follow-up compared to baseline. Conclusion: Our results showed a non-specific elevation of concentration of mtDNA in PMS patients. mtDNA concentrations respond to fingolimod and may be used to monitor biological effect of this treatment.

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Cerebrospinal fluid tau protein is not elevated in HIV-associated neurologic disease in humans

Neuroscience Letters ◽

10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00549-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 254 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ronald J Ellis ◽

Peter Seubert ◽

Ruth Motter ◽

Douglas Galasko ◽

Reena Deutsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Tau Protein ◽

Neurologic Disease

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Simultaneous determination of cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands and the "gamma-protein index" by agarose electrophoresis and densitometry.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/32.1.84 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 84-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C A French ◽

R P Tracy ◽

R A Rudick ◽

A M Kraemer ◽

D A Arvan

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Gamma Globulin ◽

Oligoclonal Bands ◽

Laboratory Procedure ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Agarose Electrophoresis ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Single Laboratory

Abstract Oligoclonal bands were identified in electropherograms of cerebrospinal fluid, and the "gamma-protein index" was concurrently calculated from the same strip. For the index, an upper limit of normal of 0.66 was established. We compared results with the clinical diagnosis in 69 patients with multiple sclerosis and 48 control patients with other diseases. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values of 73%, 96%, and 96%, respectively, were obtained from the index. An abnormal index and the presence of oligoclonal bands combined increased the positive predictive value to 100%. This approach may allow adequate qualitative and quantitative assessment of gamma-globulin abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid after a single laboratory procedure.

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