scholarly journals Role of Nitric Oxide Synthase on Blood Pressure Regulation and Vascular Function in Pregnant Rats on a High-Fat Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Palei ◽  
Frank T. Spradley ◽  
Joey P. Granger
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Nitric oxide synthase-mediated blood pressure regulation in obese melanocortin-4 receptor-deficient pregnant rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (5) ◽  
pp. R851-R857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank T. Spradley ◽  
Jennifer M. Sasser ◽  
Jacqueline B. Musall ◽  
Jennifer C. Sullivan ◽  
Joey P. Granger
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Although obesity increases the risk for hypertension in pregnancy, the mechanisms responsible are unknown. Increased nitric oxide (NO) production results in vasodilation and reduced blood pressure during normal pregnancy in lean rats; however, the role of NO is less clear during obese pregnancies. We examined the impact of obesity on NO synthase (NOS)-mediated regulation of blood pressure during pregnancy by testing the hypothesis that NOS activity, expression, and regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure are reduced in obese pregnant rats. At gestational day 19, melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R)-deficient obese rats (MC4R) had greater body weight and fat mass with elevated blood pressure and circulating sFlt-1 levels compared with MC4R pregnant rats. MC4R pregnant rats also had less circulating cGMP levels and reduced total NOS enzymatic activity and expression in mesenteric arteries. Despite decreased biochemical measures of NO/NOS in MC4R rats, NOS inhibition enhanced vasoconstriction only in mesenteric arteries from MC4R rats, suggesting greater NOS-mediated tone. To examine the role of NOS on blood pressure regulation in obese pregnant rats, MC4R and MC4R pregnant rats were administered the nonselective NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 100 mg/l) from gestational day 14 to 19 in drinking water. The degree by which l-NAME raised blood pressure was similar between obese and lean pregnant rats. Although MC4R obese pregnant rats had elevated blood pressure associated with reduced total NOS activity and expression, they had enhanced NOS-mediated attenuation of vasoconstriction, with no evidence of alterations in NOS-mediated regulation of blood pressure.

Deficiency of inducible nitric oxide synthase exacerbates hepatic fibrosis in mice fed high-fat diet

2004 ◽  
Vol 326 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Shigenari Hozawa ◽  
Sadaaki Sawamura ◽  
Shinkichi Sato ◽  
Naoto Fukuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

scholarly journals Long-Term Consumption of High-Fat Diet in Rats: Effects on Microglial and Astrocytic Morphology and Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Gzielo ◽  
Michal Kielbinski ◽  
Jakub Ploszaj ◽  
Krzysztof Janeczko ◽  
Stefan P. Gazdzinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Mulberry Extract Attenuates Endothelial Dysfunction through the Regulation of Uncoupling Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in High Fat Diet Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geum-Hwa Lee ◽  
The-Hiep Hoang ◽  
Eun-Soo Jung ◽  
Su-Jin Jung ◽  
Soo-Wan Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Enos Uncoupling ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Dyslipidemia is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which is linked to nitric oxide (NO) biology. The coupling of endothelial NO synthase with cofactors is a major step for NO release. This study is aimed to investigate the vascular pharmacology effects of mulberry in rat thoracic aorta and human vascular endothelial cells. In vitro, we investigated the protective effects of the mulberry extract and its main component cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C-3-R), against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling. Whereas ox-LDL significantly decreased NO levels in endothelial cells, mulberry extract, and C-3-R significantly recovered NO levels and phospho-eNOS Thr495 and Ser1177 expression. In vivo, mulberry was administered to 60% of high-fat diet (w/w)-fed Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for six weeks, in which endothelium-dependent relaxations were significantly improved in organ bath studies and isometric tension recordings. Consistently, aortic expressions of phospho-eNOS and nitrotyrosine were increased. Mulberry also raised serum NO levels, increased phosphorylation of eNOS, and reduced nitrotyrosine and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aortas, showing that mulberry preserves endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortas from high-fat diet rats. We suggest that this effect is mediated through enhanced NO bioavailability, in which the regulation of ROS and its reduced eNOS uncoupling are involved.

Role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in mediating renal hemodynamic changes during pregnancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. R1390-R1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Abram ◽  
B. T. Alexander ◽  
W. A. Bennett ◽  
J. P. Granger
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Renal Hemodynamic ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Nnos Inhibition

Renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are markedly increased during pregnancy. We recently reported that the renal hemodynamic changes observed during pregnancy in rats are associated with enhanced renal protein expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The purpose of this study was to determine the role of nNOS in mediating renal hemodynamic changes observed during pregnancy. To achieve this goal, we examined the effects of the nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) on kidney function in normal conscious, chronically instrumented virgin ( n = 6) and pregnant rats ( n = 9) at day 16 of gestation. Infusion of 7-NI had no effect on RPF (4.7 ± 0.7 vs. 4.8 ± 0.9 ml/min), GFR (2.2 ± 0.2 vs. 2.5 ± 0.4 ml/min), or mean arterial pressure (MAP; 127 ± 7 vs. 129 ± 10 mmHg) in virgin rats. In contrast, 7-NI infused into pregnant rats decreased RPF (8.9 ± 1.6 vs. 6.5 ± 1.4 ml/min) and GFR (4.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.3 ± 0.7 ml/min) while having no effect on MAP (123 ± 4 vs. 123 ± 3 mmHg). In summary, inhibition of nNOS in pregnant rats at midgestation results in significant decreases in RPF and GFR. nNOS inhibition in virgin rats had no effect on renal hemodynamics. These data suggest that nNOS may play a role in mediating the renal hemodynamic changes that occur during pregnancy.

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