Executive Functioning Moderates Responses to Appetitive Cues: A Study in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcoholic Liver Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren B Logge ◽  
Kirsten C Morley ◽  
Paul S Haber ◽  
Andrew J Baillie
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Appetitive Cues

Lifetime drinking history in patients with alcoholic liver disease and patients with alcohol use disorder without liver disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kristinn Nielsen ◽  
Sigurdur Olafsson ◽  
Ottar M. Bergmann ◽  
Valgerdur Runarsdottir ◽  
Ingunn Hansdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Drinking History

Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder in Patients With End-Stage Alcoholic Liver Disease

Hepatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Caputo ◽  
Marco Domenicali ◽  
Mauro Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Probiotics-Based Treatment as an Integral Approach for Alcohol Use Disorder in Alcoholic Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Fuenzalida ◽  
María Soledad Dufeu ◽  
Jaime Poniachik ◽  
Juan Pablo Roblero ◽  
Lucía Valenzuela-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
The Impact

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity among adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) worldwide. Its clinical course ranges from steatosis to alcoholic hepatitis, progressing to more severe forms of liver damage, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of ALD is complex and diverse elements are involved in its development, including environmental factors, genetic predisposition, the immune response, and the gut-liver axis interaction. Chronic alcohol consumption induces changes in gut microbiota that are associated with a loss of intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses which reinforce a liver damage progression triggered by alcohol. Alcohol metabolites such as acetaldehyde, lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein-adducts act as liver-damaging hepatotoxins and potentiate systemic inflammation. Additionally, ethanol causes direct damage to the central nervous system (CNS) by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), provoking oxidative stress contributing to neuroinflammation. Overall, these processes have been associated with susceptibility to depression, anxiety, and alcohol craving in ALD. Recent evidence has shown that probiotics can reverse alcohol-induced changes of the microbiota and prevent ALD progression by restoring gut microbial composition. However, the impact of probiotics on alcohol consumption behavior has been less explored. Probiotics have been used to treat various conditions by restoring microbiota and decreasing systemic and CNS inflammation. The results of some studies suggest that probiotics might improve mental function in Alzheimer’s, autism spectrum disorder, and attenuated morphine analgesic tolerance. In this sense, it has been observed that gut microbiota composition alterations, as well as its modulation using probiotics, elicit changes in neurotransmitter signals in the brain, especially in the dopamine reward circuit. Consequently, it is not difficult to imagine that a probiotics-based complementary treatment to ALD might reduce disease progression mediated by lower alcohol consumption. This review aims to present an update of the pathophysiologic mechanism underlying the microbiota-gut-liver-brain axis in ALD, as well as to provide evidence supporting probiotic use as a complementary therapy to address alcohol consumption disorder and its consequences on liver damage.

Serum HMGB1 Associates with Liver Disease and Predicts Readmission and Mortality in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustin G.L. Vannier ◽  
Ben Wardwell ◽  
Vladislav Fomin ◽  
Amanda Pebenito ◽  
Nicholas Wolczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes of the Fungal Microbiome in Alcohol Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipp Hartmann ◽  
Sonja Lang ◽  
Suling Zeng ◽  
Yi Duan ◽  
Xinlian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Alcohol Abstinence ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Fungal Microbiome ◽  
Progressive Liver Disease

BackgroundAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The intestinal microbiota is involved in the development and progression of ALD; however, little is known about commensal fungi therein.MethodsWe studied the dynamic changes of the intestinal fungal microbiome, or mycobiome, in 66 patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence using internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) amplicon sequencing of fecal samples.ResultsPatients with AUD had significantly increased abundance of the genera Candida, Debaryomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, and Issatchenkia, and of the species Candida albicans and Candida zeylanoides compared with control subjects. Significantly improved liver health markers caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) levels and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in AUD patients after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence were associated with significantly lower abundance of the genera Candida, Malassezia, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, Issatchenkia, and the species C. albicans and C. zeylanoides. This was mirrored by significantly higher specific anti-C. albicans immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) serum levels in AUD patients in relation to control participants, and significantly decreased anti-C. albicans IgG levels in AUD subjects after 2 weeks of abstinence. The intestinal abundance of the genus Malassezia was significantly higher in AUD subjects with progressive liver disease compared with non-progressive liver disease.ConclusionIn conclusion, improved liver health in AUD patients after alcohol abstinence was associated with lower intestinal abundances of Candida and Malassezia, and lower serum anti-C. albicans IgG levels. Intestinal fungi might serve as a therapeutic target to improve the outcome of patients in ALD.

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