scholarly journals Different Application Schedules and Insecticide Rates for Control of Bollworm in Virginia Cotton. 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Virginia Tech ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Over The Top

Abstract Different application schedules with insecticides at different rates were evaluated for control of bollworm in VA. ‘Sure-Grow 501’ cotton was planted 1 May at the Virginia Tech Tidewater Agric. Res. & Ext. Ctr., Suffolk, VA, using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied with a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 14.5 gpa at 50 psi through three, D2-13 disc-core hollow cone nozzles per row, one over the top of the row and one on each side. Four application schedule/insecticide rate combinations were tested: 1)3 applications at the standard rate, the 1 st at the egg threshold, the 2nd in 5d, and the 3rd in l0d; 2) 2 applications at the standard rate, the 1st at the egg threshold, the 2nd in 5d; 3) 2 applications, the 1st at the egg threshold using 1.6x the standard rate, and the 2nd in 5d using the standard rate; 4) 1 application at the egg threshold using 1.6x the standard rate. Egg threshold application was based on the presence of 10 or more bollworm eggs per 100 plant terminals, or 2 or more per 100 fruil (squares or bolls). A RCB experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 6 rows by 30 ft. Boll damage and bollworm numbers were determined by sampling 25 randomly selected bolls per plot. Samples were taken at roughly weekly intervals after the occurrence of the egg threshold. Yield was determined by harvesting the 2 center rows of each plot (60 row ft per plot) using a commercial 2-row John Deere cotton combine. Lint values were calculated as 37% of total plot weights, assuming 63% was seed and trash. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Selected Pyrethroid and Non-Pyrethroid Insecticides for Control of Cotton Bollworm on Cotton, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Virginia Tech ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Stage Yield

Abstract Two field trials were conducted to evaluate efficacy of selected pyrethroid (Field Trial 1) and non-pyrethroid (Field Trial 2) insecticides for control of bollworm in Virginia cotton. ‘Delta and Pine Land 51’ cotton was planted 2 May at the Virginia Tech Tidewater Agric. Res. & Ext. Ctr., Suffolk, VA using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 10 gpa at 39 psi through one TX10 hollow cone nozzle over the top of each of the 2 center rows of each plot. All applications were applied at egg threshold (based on the presence of 10 or more bollworm eggs per 100 plant terminals, or 2 or more per 100 fruit, i.e., squares or bolls) and again in 5 days. A RCB design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 40 ft. Boll damage was determined by sampling 25 randomly selected bolls per plot. Samples were taken at roughly weekly intervals after the second insecticide treatment until bolls were matured beyond the susceptible stage. Yield was determined by harvesting the 2 center rows of each plot (80 row ft per plot) using a commercial 2-row John Deere cotton combine. Lint values were calculated as 37% of total plot weights, assuming 63% was seed and trash. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Effect of Selected Insecticide/Acaricides on Twospotted Spider Mite in Virginia Peanut, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-277
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Twospotted Spider Mite ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Mite Number ◽  
Made In

Abstract Selected insecticide/acaricides were evaluated for efficacy against TSSM in cv. ‘NC 7’ Virginia-type peanut in Isle of Wight County, VA. Peanuts were planted on 4 May using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied on 28 Jul. The Comite + 5 d treatment was applied again on 5 Aug. Karate, at the 0.025 and 0.04 lb (AI)/acre rates, Capture C, and Danitol were applied again on 9 Aug. All were applied using a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 14.5 gpa at 50 psi through three D2-13 disc-core hollow cone spray nozzles per row, 1 over the top and 1 on each side. A RCB experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 15 ft. Treatments were evaluated on 28, 31 Jul and on 3, 7, 11, 16, 22 and 29 Aug by comparing the number of live mites in a 1.5 cm diam area on 2 randomly selected leaflets per plot. Mite counts were made in the field using 10x magnification lenses. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures. Cumulative mite-days (CMD) were calculated for each treatment over the entire test period using Σ(Xi+1 – Xi)[(Yi + Yi+1)/2], where Xi and Xi+1 are adjacent sample dates and Yi and Yi+1 are corresponding points of mean mite number per leaflet.

scholarly journals Control of Twospotted Spider Mite in Peanut, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-250
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Twospotted Spider Mite ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Cumulative Index ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Hollow Cone Spray ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Mite Number ◽  
Made In

Abstract Selected pesticides were evaluated for control of TSSM in cv. ‘NC-10’ Virginia-type peanut in Suffolk, VA. Peanuts were planted using a 36-inch row spacing. Treatments were applied on 28 Jul and again on 10 Aug using a CO2-pressurized back-pack sprayer calibrated to deliver 14.5 gal formulation per acre at 50 psi through three D2-13 disc-core hollow cone spray nozzles per row, 1 over the top and 1 on each side. A RCBD was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows × 20 ft. Treatments were evaluated on 28, 30 Jul and on 3, 5, 10, 13, 20, and 29 Aug by comparing the number of live mites in a 1.5 cm diam area on 4 randomly-selected leaflets per plot. Mite counts were made in the field using 10X magnification lenses. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures. A cumulative index (CI) was calculated for each treatment using ∑(Xi+1 - Xi)[(Yi + Yi+1)/2], where Xi, and Xi+1, are adjacent sample dates and Yi and Yi+1, are corresponding points of total mite number.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Foliar Applied Insecticides on Potato Leafhopper in Virginia-Type Peanut, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-254
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Test Area ◽  
Potato Leafhopper ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Sweep Net ◽  
Area Data

Abstract Selected foliar applied insecticides were evaluated against PLH in Virginia-type peanut. ‘VA-C 92R’ peanut was planted on a producer’s farm in Isle of Wight County, VA using 36-inch row spacing. Foliar treatments were applied on 31 Jul as a full-coverage spray with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 14.5 gpa at 50 psi through three D2-13 hollow-cone nozzles per row, one over the top and one on each side of each row. A RCB design was used with 4 replicates. Plots were 4 rows by 40 ft. PLH were sampled by making 5 sweeps per plot with a 15-cm-diameter sweep net and counting numbers of captured adults and nymphs. The pre-treatment sample was not taken on each plot, but was comprised of 20 random 5-sweep samples distributed throughout the planned test area. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD procedures.

scholarly journals Selected Granular Insecticide Treatments for Control of Southern Corn Rootworm Injury in Two Peanut Fields, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-283
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Pod Wall ◽  
Level Of Risk

Abstract Granular insecticides were evaluated for control of SCR pod injury in Virginia-type peanut in 2 fields in Suffolk, VA. The 2 fields selected differed in soil characteristics but were both considered to represent a moderate level of risk to pod damage by SCR. ‘VA-C 92R’ peanuts were planted on 3 May (Field 1) and 23 May (Field 2) using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied in a 14-inch band over the row with a tractor-mounted Noble granular applicator on 28 June (at the time of early pegging). A randomized complete block experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 200 ft (Field 1) and 4 rows by 180 ft (Field 2). Pod injury was determined 28 Aug and again 25 Sep from all full-sized pods from 5 randomly selected plants per plot. Pods were categorized as immature or mature and as undamaged, scarred (superficial damage to the outer pod wall), or penetrated (pod wall penetrated). Yield was determined by digging, combining, drying and weighing peanuts from the 2 center rows of each plot (400 row ft per plot, 4 Oct - Field 1; 360 row ft per plot, 14 Oct - Field 2). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Selected Insecticide/Nematicides for Control of Thrips in Virginia Cotton, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Virginia Tech ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

Abstract Efficacy of selected insecti-cide/nematicides was evaluated for control of thrips (primarily F. fusca) in Virginia cotton. ‘Sure-Grow 501’ cotton was planted 1 May at the Virginia Tech Tidewater Agric. Res. & Ext. Ctr., Suffolk, Va. using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied into the seed furrow (IF) at the time of planting, granules using tractor-mounted inverted jars with lid holes calibrated to deliver exact amounts via gravity; liquids (IF, spray) with a CO2 pressurized tractor-mounted sprayer calibrated to deliver 5.0 gal/acre at 24 psi through one SS8001E flat fan nozzle mounted just above planter disks and turned parallel to the row direction to deliver the spray fan into the seed furrow. Gaucho seed treatment was applied commercially. A RCB design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 30 ft. Adult and immature thrips were counted on 3 dates by cutting and placing 5 plants per plot into jars containing soapy water. Thrips were filtered and counted in the laboratory. Thrips injury to plants was determined by visually rating injury using a 0 to 5 scale, where 0 = no thrips induced plant injury, 1 = 10% injured leaves, no bud injury; 2 = 25% injured leaves, no bud injury; 3 = 75% injured leaves, and 0 to 25% buds injured; 4 = 90% injured leaves, and greater than 25% buds injured; and 5 = dead plants. Flower number was used as a measure of plant maturity as affected by thrips injury. Flowers were counted one time on 19 Jul in 6 row ft per plot. Yield was determined by harvesting the 2 center rows of each plot (60 row ft per plot) using a commercial 2-row John Deere cotton combine. Lint values were calculated as 37% of total plot weights, assuming 63% was seed and trash. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD, or Duncan’s new multiple range statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dimilin and Boron on Soybean in Virginia, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-282
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert ◽  
D. L. Holshouser
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Pod Number

Abstract Dimilin 2 L and Boron 10 (1.0 lb B/gal), alone and tank mixed, were evaluated for effects on BLB adults, GCW larvae, leaf defoliation, pod number and yield of soybean. Asana XL was included as an insecticide standard, as was an untreated control. ‘Accomac’ soybean was planted 29 May at the Tidewater Agric. Res. and Ext. Ctr., Suffolk, VA, using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied as foliar sprays with water on 8 August at the R3 soybean growth stage (beginning pod development, with a 3/16-inch long pod at one of the 4 uppermost nodes on the main stem with a fully developed leaf) using a tractor sprayer calibrated to deliver 15.0 gpa at 50 psi through 3, D3-23 hollow cone nozzles per row. A RCB experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 8 rows by 50 ft. Insect samples were taken using a standard beat cloth on 6 row ft per plot on 18, 26, 31 and 38 days after treatment (DAT). Defoliation was assessed by visual inspection of all leaves on 10 plants per plot. Pod number was determined just prior to harvest by counting all pods on 20 plants per plot (5 adjacent plants in the row, in 4 locations in each plot). Yield was determined by harvesting 2, 2-row samples per plot (a total of 200 row ft per plot) using a commercial soybean combine.

scholarly journals Selected Liquid and Granular Treatments for Control of Southern Corn Rootworm Injury in Peanut, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-222
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Southern Corn Rootworm ◽  
Pod Wall ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

Abstract Liquid and granular insecticide formulations were evaluated for control of SCR pod injury in cv. ‘NC 7’ Virginia-type peanut in Suffolk, VA. Peanuts were planted on 11 May using a 36-inch row spacing. All treatments were applied in a 14-inch band over the row either just before planting (band, ppi), at planting (at plant), or on 28 Jun (flowering). Liquid treatments were applied with a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 17 gal formulation per acre at 22 psi through one 8004E flat fan nozzle per row. Granules were applied with a tractor- or bicycle-mounted Noble granular applicator. Preplant treatments were soil incorporated 3 to 4 inches deep using a land conditioner. Flowering time banded treatments were lightly soil incorporated with cultivator sweeps in row middles. A randomized complete block experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 30 ft. Pod injury was determined 20 Sept from 100 randomly selected pods per plot, taken from 5 plants per plot (20 pods/plant). Pods were categorized as undamaged, scarred (apparently superficial damage to the outer pod wall), or penetrated (pod wall penetrated). Yield was based on digging, combining (4 Oct), drying and weighing peanuts from the two center rows (60 row feet) of each plot. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Selected Insecticides for Control of Corn Earworm and Green Cloverworm in Soybean in Virginia, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-282
Author(s):  
D. A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Application ◽  
Sweep Net

Abstract Efficacy of selected insecticides was evaluated against CEW and GCW in soybean. ‘Hutcheson’ soybean was planted 15 June in a producer’s field in Greensville County, VA, using an 18-inch row spacing. All treatments were broadcast as foliar sprays with water on 27 August using a CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver 14.3 gpa at 18 psi through 8002VS flat fan nozzles spaced 18 inches apart on the spray boom. A RCB experimental design was used with 4 replicates; plots were 4 rows by 50 ft. Insect samples were taken using a 15-cm diameter sweep net, 15 sweeps per plot. Pre-treatment insect populations were assessed just prior to treatment application by taking several 15-sweep samples throughout the planned test area. Post-treatment samples were taken 2, 4, 8, 12, and 21 days after treatment (DAT) by comparing numbers of small (1st and 2nd instars), medium (3rd and 4th instars), large (5th and 6th instars) and total CEW larvae, and total (all sizes) GCW larvae. Data were analyzing using ANOVA and LSD statistical procedures.

scholarly journals Control of Lepidopterous Larvae on Collard, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-91
Author(s):  
J. V. Edelson ◽  
M. Peters ◽  
J. Duthie ◽  
W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Broadcast Application

Abstract Collard seed was planted in Mar at the AREC, Lane, OK. The experimental design was a RCB with 4 replicates and 9 treatments. Plots were 2 rows wide (72 inches) and 20 ft long with 20 ft alleys cut between plots. Plots were treated with insecticides using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer with a broadcast application of 72 inches from 4 hollow-cone nozzles applying 33 gal/A at 40 psi. Plots were treated on 4, 8, and 14 Jul. Plots were surveyed to determine larval abundance on 7, 11, and 17 Jul by examining 3 plants per plot and recording all larvae present.

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