scholarly journals Efficacy of Several Turf Insecticides Against European Chafer Larvae, Home Lawn, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-366
Author(s):  
P. J. Vittum
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Six turf insec-ticides were tested for efficacy against European chafer larvae on a home lawn in Waltham, Mass. Grub populations were ca. 60% eggs, 40% early first instar at the time of application. The lawn consisted of 30% perennial ryegrass, 30% annual bluegrass, 30% crabgrass, and 10% dandelion, and was mowed at ca. 1.5 inches. Treatment plots were 8 ft by 8 ft, replicated 5 times, arranged in a RCB. All applications were made between 11:00 AM and 12:30 PM on 1 Aug 95. Liquid formulations were applied by hand with a watering can, 3 liters per plot. Granular formulations were applied using glass jars with perforated lids. Conditions at the time of application were as follows: air temp. 85° F, sunny and moderately humid with light SW wind (5-10 mph); soil type, silty loam; soil pH 6.6; water pH, 8.2. All plots were hand watered with 0.1 inch immediately after application, and an additional 0.2 inch was applied through overhead irrigation within 2 hr after application. No measurable rain fell in the area for 2 wk after application. Product efficacy was evaluated on 17 Oct (77 DAT) by removing 5 cupcutter plugs (4.25 inch diam) from near the center of each plot, dislodging soil with a hand trowel, and counting all grubs to a depth of 3 inches.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Four Formulations of Halofenozide (A Growth Regulator) Against European Chafer Larvae on a Home Lawn, 1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-356
Author(s):  
P. J. Vittum ◽  
M. Tiskus
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Four formulations of halofenozide (RH-0345) were tested for efficacy against European chafer larvae on a home iawn at the Suburban Experiment Station, Waltham, MA. The lawn consisted of 30% crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), 30% perennial ryegrass, 20% Kentucky bluegrass, 20% dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.), and was mowed at ca. 1.5 inches. Treatment plots were 8 ft by 8 ft, replicated 5 times, arranged in a CRB. All applications were made on 24 Jul. Granular products were applied using glass jars with perforated lids. Liquid formulations were applied ay hand with a watering can using 3 liters of water per plot. Soil conditions at the study site at time of application were as follows: soil type, silty loam; soil pH 6.2. All plots were watered in with 0.25 inch of irrigation through overhead irrigation within 15 minutes of application. Product efficacy was evaluated on 19 Sept (57 DAT) by removing 5 cup-cutter plugs (4.25-inch diam) from near the center of each plot, dislodging soil and counting all grubs to a Jepth of 3 inches.

scholarly journals Fall Control of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Conventional and Experimental Formulations on Turfgrass in Wayne Pa, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 312-312
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The turfgrass area consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (50%) and creeping bentgrass (50%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 3 times. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with a fine grade top-dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (23 Aug) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 66°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 70°F; soil temperature at 2 inch, 69°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 37.0% sand, 45.0% silt, 18.0% clay; organic matter, 5.0%; soil moisture (oven baked), 31.6; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.1; and overcast skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.5 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 49 DAT (11 Oct). Japanese beetle grub control was evaluated by removing four 0.087 ft2 sod samples from each replicate, and the total number of grubs were recorded and converted to a ft2 count. Sod samples were removed with a 4 inch diam cup cutter.

scholarly journals Control of the Black Turfgrass Ataenius on a Golf Course Fairway in Ashland County, Oh, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-323
Author(s):  
K. T. Power ◽  
D. J. Shetlar ◽  
H. D. Niemczyk ◽  
M. G. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Jeromesville. Insecticides were applied 16 Jun to plots 8 × 10 ft arranged in a RCB, replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet XR8006VS nozzles at 35 psi pressure that delivered a volume of 1 gal/1000 ft2. The experimental area was irrigated approximately V* inch after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were as follows. BTA: eggs and 1st instars present, no pretreatment count. Turf: level, light dew, IVs inch height, 40% perennial ryegrass, 30% Kentucky bluegrass, 30% annual bluegrass. Thatch: dense, moist, % inch. Soil: moist, 66°F at 1 inch and 67°F at 3 inch. Weather: sunny, 65°F, 0-5 mph. Water: pH 6.5. Efficacy data taken 6 Jul (20 DAT) were based on the number of live BTA larvae and pupae in 6, 4Vt inch in diam samples from each plot. No phytotoxicity was observed.

scholarly journals Influence of Post-Application Irrigation on Control of Annual White Grubs on a Golf Course Fair-Way, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
F.P. Baxendale ◽  
A.P. Weinhold ◽  
K.A. Weinhold
Keyword(s):  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a golf course fairway. The turf (20% Kentucky bluegrass and 80% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 11/16 inch. Thatch accumulation (finger compressed) in the plot area was 0.375 to 0.50 inch. Field conditions at the study site were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 4%; soil pH, 6.2; water pH, 7.0. Environmental conditions at the time of application were as follows: soil moisture 12% by wt.; air temperature 72°F; soil temperature 72°F; relative humidity 43%; wind direction and velocity 6° at 7 mph. Plots were 6 X 10 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications. Insecticides were applied once on 9 Jul and twice on 11 Jul. Liquids were applied using a CO2 sprayer with a TeeJet® 8002 nozzle at 30 psi and delivering 2 gal/1000 square feet. A pre-calibrated Gandy 24H12 drop spreader was used to apply granular insecticides. Post-application irrigations were applied as follows: 09 Jul application, none; 11 Jul, first application, 0.35 inch; 11 Jul, second application with syringe, approximately 0.125 inch. Normal irrigation was resumed after 48 h. Precipitation between application and evaluation totaled 11.3 inches. Treatments were evaluated 57 DAT on 4 SEP by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs. Insecticides were applied prior to the onset of masked chafer oviposition.

scholarly journals Timing Study to Evaluate Product Performance of RH-0345 and Imidacloprid to Suppress Green June Beetle Grubs on a Golf Course Fairway in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-354
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway located in Lancaster County, PA, consisted primarily of perennial ryegrass (80%) and creeping bentgrass (50%). Treatment plots were 7 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6-ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 4 gal/1000 ft2. At the 1st treatment time (4 Jun), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 68° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 64° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 62° F; RH, 67%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inch; soil type, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 28.3%; organic matter, 5.6%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.1; time of treatment, mid-morning; and overcast skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water 3 fir after treatment. At the 2nd treatment time (15 Jul), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 78° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 74° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 75° F; RH, 75%; amount of thatch, 0.0625-0.125 inch; soil type; silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 37.7%; organic matter, 7.2%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 5.9; time of treatment, mid-morning; and cloudy skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water immediately after product dried. A the 3rd treatment time (12 Aug), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 65° F; soil temperature at 1-inch depth, 69° F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 69° F; RH, 90%; amount of thatch, 0.0625-0.125 inch; soil type, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: 30.7% sand, 61.9% silt, 7.4% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 40.0%; organic matter, 5.7%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.5; time of treatment, early morning; and cloudy skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inch of water immediately after product dried. Post-treatment counts were made on 29 Aug. The total number of green of June beetle larvae flushed to the surface following an application of Sevin SL over a 24-hr observation interval was recorded from each replicate.

scholarly journals Suppression of Annual Bluegrass Weevil on a Golf Course Fairway with Split Applications of Chlor-Pyrifos and Experimental Formulations, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-362
Author(s):  
P.R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Annual Bluegrass Weevil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (70%) and Kentucky bluegrass (30%) in Bedford County, PA. Applications were made when flowering dogwood was in full bloom. Treatment plots were 6 X 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with four 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 fi boom, operating at 28 psi, and applied in 272 ml of water/36 ft2 or delivering 2 gal water/1,000 ft2. At the 1st treatment time (14 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 57°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 60°F; RH, 35% amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil textural class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; soil moisture (oven dry weight) 46.6%; organic matter, 6.8%; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; application time, mid-morning; and clear skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch 24 hr after treatment. At the 2nd treatment time (31 May), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: application time, late-morning; air tem perature, 61°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 64°F; soil temperature at 2-inch depth, 58°F; RH, 48%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inch; soil texturai class, loam; soil particle size analysis: 27.4% sand, 46.9% silt, 25.8% clay; organic matter, 6.8%; soil condition, moist; water pH, 7; soil pH, 5.9; and cleai skies. The experimental area was irrigated with 0.1 inch 1 hr after treatment. Post-treatment counts were made on 19 Jun. Annual bluegrass weevil con trol was evaluated by removing three 4-inch cup cutter sod samples from each replicate and recording the total number of annual bluegrass weevil life stages (larva, pupa, adult) per sample. Totals were then converted to a ft2 count.

scholarly journals Effect of soil type on pyrethrum seed germination

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sladonja ◽  
Marin Krapac ◽  
Dean Ban ◽  
Zoran Užila ◽  
Slavica Dudaš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Terra Rossa ◽  
Tanacetum Cinerariifolium ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip.) is an autochthonous insecticidal plant from Dalmatia (Croatia). It is commercially grown worldwide with a particularly fast expansion in Africa and Australia (Tasmania) and used as a natural insecticide. The study was conducted in Istria, Croatia, in a greenhouse, to determine the effect of soil type on the germination of pyrethrum seeds. The effect of different soil types on the germination of pyrethrum was found to be highly significant. The highest percentage of germination was found on white clay loam (soil type 2), and the lowest on red clay Terra Rossa (soil types 1 and 6). Seed germination was greatly influenced by soil texture, foremost silt percentage, and soil pH. The present study suggests that pyrethrum seed germination is best on slightly alkaline clayey loams with moderate nutrients. Positive correlation was confirmed among germination percentage and silt content and soil pH.

scholarly journals Preventive Control of Annual White Grubs on a Golf Course Fairway, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-337
Author(s):  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
J. A. Kalisch ◽  
R. E. Gaussoin
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Preventive Control ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a perennial rye golf course fairway. The turf (100% perennial rye) was maintained at a mowing height of 5/s inches and thatch accumulation in the plot area was 0.5 inches finger compressed, 0.25 inches). Field conditions at the time of application were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6-7; water pH, 7.0; soil moisture, near field capacity. Plots were 8 × 8 ft, and the experimental design was a RCB with 5 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied 19 Apr. Liquid insecticides were applied using a CO2 sprayer with an LF-4 tip at 24 psi and delivering 5 gal finished spray/1000 ft2. The granular formulation of Merit was applied with a pre-calibrated Gandy 24H12 spreader. Immediately following applications, the test area was irrigated with approximately 0.5 inches of water. A total of 20.68 inches of rain fell during the post-treatment period. Product efficacy was evaluated 3 Sep (137 days after treatment) by removing from each plot six, 8-inch diameter turf-soil cores (2.1 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs.

scholarly journals Control of Buffalograss Chinch Bugs with Beauvarja Bassiana and Entomopathogenic Nematodes, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-328
Author(s):  
F. P. Baxendale ◽  
A. P. Weinhold ◽  
T. P. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The study was conducted on a buffalograss lawn in Lincoln, NE. The turf was maintained at a mowing height of 3.5 inches and thatch accumulation in the plot area was 0.25 inches. Field conditions at the time of application were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6-7; water pH, 7.0; soil moisture, near field capacity. Plots were 4 × 4 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 3 replications’. Insecticide treatments were applied 2 Sep. Prior to application, the plot area was mowed to 1.5 inches. Treatments were applied with a CO2 sprayer using a LF-4 tip at 24 psi and delivering 5 gal finished spray/1000 ft2. Immediately following application, plots were syringed with 0.25 inches water. A total of 0.29 and 0.68 inches of rain fell respectively, during the 7 and 14 day post-treatment periods. Product efficacy was evaluated 9 and 16 Sep (7 and 14 DAT) by removing from each plot three turf-soil cores to a depth of 1 inch with a 4.25-inch diam cup cutter (0.3 ft2 total area per plot). Cores were returned to the laboratory and placed in Berlese funnels. Extracted chinch bugs were counted after 48 hr.

scholarly journals Midsummer Management of Japanese Beetle Grubs with Merit 75WSP on a Golf Course Fairway in Lewistown, Pa, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-281
Author(s):  
P. R. Heller ◽  
R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The fairway consisted primarily of annual bluegrass (40%), Kentucky bluegrass (40%), and perennial ryegrass (20%). Treatment plots were 9 × 6 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 3 times. Liquid formulations were applied with a CO2 compressed air sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on a 6 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 5 gal/1000 ft2. At treatment time (26 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 72°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 76CF; soil temperature at 2 inch, 74°F; RH, 85%; amount of thatch, 0.25-0.50 inches; soil type, loam; soil particle size analysis: 31.1% sand, 46.4% silt, 22.5% clay; organic matter, 6.7%; soil moisture (oven baked) 23.1%; water pH, 6-7; soil pH, 4.4; and partly cloudy skies. Immediately after treatment the experimental area was irrigated with 0.25 inches of water. Posttreatment counts were made 42 DAT (6 Sep). Three ft2 sod samples were randomly taken from each replicate, and the total number of Japanese beetle grubs ft2 was recorded.

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