scholarly journals EUROPEAN CORN BORER, FALL ARMYWORM AND CORN EARWORM CONTROL, 1998.

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kolarik ◽  
A. Byrne ◽  
W. Pett ◽  
B. Bishop ◽  
E. Grafius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Corn Borer

Ear Pests and Damage to Organic, Conventional and Bt-Protected Sweet Corn Grown in Central Kentucky

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-390
Author(s):  
John D. Sedlacek ◽  
Karen L. Friley ◽  
Steve L. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Sap Beetles ◽  
Southwestern Corn Borer

Sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa) was grown in replicated plots in 2004 and 2006 using organic, conventional, and genetically-engineered (Bt) production practices. Organic plots were treated with Entrust® (Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN) whereas conventional and Bt sweet corn plots were treated with Warrior® (Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Greensboro, NC). All plots were treated once at silk emergence. Organic and conventional plots were treated again 1 wk later. Twenty-five ears were harvested from row centers in each treatment subplot to quantify ear pests and assess ear damage. The highest number of corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), larvae were found on organically-grown sweet corn. European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner); southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar; and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), larvae were not found as frequently. Neither corn earworm nor European corn borer larvae were found on Bt sweet corn ears. Sap beetles, Carpophilus lugubris Murray, were found on all 3 types of sweet corn. Organically and conventionally-grown sweet corn had a greater number of tip-damaged ears and numbers of damaged kernels per ear than Bt sweet corn. Ear length and weight were the same for all 3 types of sweet corn. Based on the information generated in this study, growing late-planted sweet corn organically or conventionally on a large commercial scale with a limited spray program and without using other types of ear pest management does not appear to be a practical or profitable option in central Kentucky.

scholarly journals CORN EARWORM AND EUROPEAN CORN BORER CONTROL WITH BT-TREATED CORN, 1999

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Sorensen ◽  
C. Wade Holloway
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Corn Borer

scholarly journals CONTROL OF CORN EARWORM AND EUROPEAN CORN BORER ON SWEET CORN, 1998

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. O'Rourke ◽  
E. C. Burkness ◽  
W. D. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Corn Borer

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
J. T. Shaw ◽  
R. Weinzierl ◽  
J. W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.

Mortality of Two Lepidopterans in Response to Selected Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner2

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Richard L. Ridgway ◽  
Robert R. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Speed Of Kill ◽  
Matrix Formulation ◽  
Corn Borer

Five commercial granular formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner marketed for controlling the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), were compared for insecticidal activity using treated discs of bean leaves. Three formulations, Dipel 10G®, Full-Bac ECBG™, and Strike BT®, were similar in terms of both mortality and speed of kill. A formulation containing a strain of B. thuringiensis developed by plasmid fusion, Condor G®, caused mortality similar to the other three formulations, but the speed of kill was slower. A fifth formulation containing a B. thuringiensis toxin produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula as result of a gene transfer, M-Peril™, caused substantially less mortality than any of the other formulations. An experimental water dispersible formulation, based on a previously developed granular matrix formulation containing B. thuringiensis and a nutrient-based phagostimulant, caused significantly higher mortality of the European corn borer than a similar formulation without the phagostimulant. Simulated field studies were conducted to study the effects of the phagostimulant on feeding and protection of B. thuringiensis from ultraviolet (UV) light. Bean plants treated with B. thuringiensis and the phagostimulant were exposed to different UV regimes outdoors under canopies made of specialized acrylic plastics and then infested with larvae of the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). A significant interaction between the UV regimes and the phagostimulant was found, indicating that the phagostimulant acted both as a feeding stimulant and as a UV protectant to enhance the activity of B. thuringiensis.

scholarly journals Characterization of Chimeric Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3 Toxins

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 956-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fang ◽  
Xiaoli Xu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Jian-Zhou Zhao ◽  
Anthony M. Shelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Chimeric Protein ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Corn Borer

ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip) are potential alternatives for B. thuringiensis endotoxins that are currently utilized in commercial transgenic insect-resistant crops. Screening a large number of B. thuringiensis isolates resulted in the cloning of vip3Ac1. Vip3Ac1 showed high insecticidal activity against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa zea but very low activity against the silkworm Bombyx mori. The host specificity of this Vip3 toxin was altered by sequence swapping with a previously identified toxin, Vip3Aa1. While both Vip3Aa1 and Vip3Ac1 showed no detectable toxicity against the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis, the chimeric protein Vip3AcAa, consisting of the N-terminal region of Vip3Ac1 and the C-terminal region of Vip3Aa1, became insecticidal to the European corn borer. In addition, the chimeric Vip3AcAa had increased toxicity to the fall armyworm. Furthermore, both Vip3Ac1 and Vip3AcAa are highly insecticidal to a strain of cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) that is highly resistant to the B. thuringiensis endotoxin Cry1Ac, thus experimentally showing for the first time the lack of cross-resistance between B. thuringiensis Cry1A proteins and Vip3A toxins. The results in this study demonstrated that vip3Ac1 and its chimeric vip3 genes can be excellent candidates for engineering a new generation of transgenic plants for insect pest control.

scholarly journals The nucleopolyhedroviruses of Rachiplusia ou and Anagrapha falcifera are isolates of the same virus

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2793-2798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Harrison ◽  
Bryony C. Bonning
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Anagrapha Falcifera ◽  
Relationship Of

The 7·8 kb EcoRI-G fragment of Rachiplusia ou multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (RoMNPV), containing the polyhedrin gene, was cloned and sequenced. The sequence of the fragment was 92·3% identical to the sequence of the corresponding region in the Autographa californica (Ac)MNPV genome. A comparison of the EcoRI-G sequence with other MNPV sequences revealed that RoMNPV was most closely related to AcMNPV. However, the predicted amino acid sequence of RoMNPV polyhedrin shared more sequence identity with the polyhedrin of Orygia pseudotsugata MNPV. In addition, the RoMNPV sequence was almost completely identical (99·9%) to a previously published 6·3 kb sequence of Anagrapha falcifera MNPV (AfMNPV). The Eco RI and HindIII restriction fragment profiles of RoMNPV and AfMNPV also were nearly identical, with an additional EcoRI band detected in RoMNPV DNA. Bioassays of these viruses with three different hosts (the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis H übner, the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens Fabricius) failed to detect any differences in the biological activities of RoMNPV and AfMNPV. These results indicate that RoMNPV and AfMNPV are different isolates of the same virus. The taxonomic relationship of Ro/AfMNPV and AcMNPV is discussed.

scholarly journals ACTION SPECTRUM OF Baculovirus spodoptera ON LEPIDOPTERA PESTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
CAMILA DA SILVA FERNANDES SOUZA ◽  
FERNANDO HERCOS VALICENTE ◽  
MARCOS ANTÔNIO MATIELLO FADINI ◽  
RICARDO ANTÔNIO POLANCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Action Spectrum ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Diatraea Saccharalis

ABSTRACT - This work evaluated the spectrum of action of Baculovirus spodoptera (SfMNVP) - 6NR on the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, corn earworm Helicoverpa zea and the sugar cane borer Diatraea saccharalis, species of economic importance in maize. For the bioassays, corn leaves immersed in a baculovirus suspension were used for baculovirus inoculation in fall armyworm and earworm and pieces of sugar cane for the corn borer. The foods were immersed in viral solutions of different baculovirus concentrations determined in a Neubauer chamber. The control only distilled water was used instead of the baculovirus suspension. The larvae fed for 48 hours and were then transferred to an artificial diet, without the baculovirus. After evaluating mortality, the development of the offspring (F1) was accompanied, evaluating the parameters: mortality, pupation and the number of egg masses in the first generation. The baculovirus was specific to fall armyworm and innocuous to earworm and the corn borer in the first generation. In the second generation, baculovirus was innocuous for all three species. The percentage of pupation showed an inverse relation with mortality for the three species in two generations. The number of egg masses in F1 was lower in S. frugiperda, did not change for D. saccharalis and higher in H. zea.Keywords: Helicoverpa zea, Spodoptera frugiperda, Diatraea saccharalis, entomopathogenie virus.ESPECTRO DE AÇÃO DE Baculovirus spodoptera A LEPIDÓPTEROS PRAGARESUMO - Neste trabalho foi avaliado o espectro de ação do Baculovirus spodoptera (SfMNVP) - 6NR à lagarta-do-cartucho Spodoptera frugiperda, à lagarta-da-espiga Helicoverpa zea e à broca-da-milho Diatraea saccharalis, espécies de importância econômica na cultura do milho. Para a realização dos bioensaios foram utilizadas folhas de milho imersas em suspensão com o baculovírus em concentrações determinadas em câmara de Neubauer, para lagarta-do-cartucho e para lagarta-da-espiga. Para broca-do-milho o substrato utilizado foi colmo de cana-de-açúcar. Na testemunha foi utilizada somente água destilada ao invés da suspensão com o baculovírus. As lagartas se alimentaram por 48 horas, após este período, foram transferidas para dieta artificial sem o bacilovírus. Após a avaliação da mortalidade,odesenvolvimento da prole (F1) foi acompanhado sendo avaliados os parâmetros: mortalidade, pupação e o número de massas de ovos na primeira geração. O baculovírus foi especifico para lagarta-do-cartucho e inócuo tanto para lagarta-da-espiga quanto para broca-do-milho na primeira geração. Na segunda geração, o baculovírus foi inócuo para as três espécies. A porcentagem de pupação apresentou relação inversa com a mortalidade para as três espécies nas duas gerações. O número de massas de ovos na F1 foi menor em S. frugiperda, não alterado para D. saccharalis e maior em H. zea.Palavras-chave: Helicoverpa zea, Spodoptera frugiperda, Diatraea saccharalis, vírus entomopatogênico.

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