scholarly journals Analysis of Petal Shape Variation of Primula sieboldii by Elliptic Fourier Descriptors and Principal Component Analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. YOSHIOKA
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Primula Sieboldii ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Petal Shape

scholarly journals Digital Morphometrics: A Tool for Leaf Morpho- Taxonomical Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kavi K. Oza ◽  
Rinku J. Desai ◽  
Vinay M. Raole*
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Quantitative Analysis Method ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Descriptors

Leaves are most important part of the plant and can be used for the identification of a taxon. An appropriate understanding of leaf development in terms of shape and responsible abiotic factors is necessary for improvement in plant. Leaf shape variation could be evaluated successfully, and the symmetrical and asymmetrical elements of the overall shape variation could be detected. The aim of the present study was to establish a quantitative analysis method of leaf shape by elliptic Fourier descriptors and principal component analysis (EF-PCA). EF-PCA describes an overall shape mathematically by transforming coordinate information concerning its contours into elliptic Fourier descriptors (EFDs) and summarizing the EFDs by principal component analysis. We can be able to extract six variables by using leaf specimen images from field and herbarium specimens. In the present study, total leaf area with respect to notch area is more variable within species. Within a species the major source of the symmetrical elements may be governed by genotypic features and the asymmetrical elements are strongly affected by the environment. We could discuss the value of morphometrics to detect subtle morphological variation which may be undetectable by human eye.

Elliptic Fourier analysis and perceptual matching for the evaluation of bioinspired sketching in conceptual design

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-107
Author(s):  
Zhongliang Yang ◽  
Yumiao Chen ◽  
Zheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Matching Degree ◽  
Perceptual Matching

AbstractBiologically inspired design can be used to aid in conceptual design. Sketching is an important ideation process in conceptual design for recording and evaluating flashing moments of inspiration. The present study aims to provide a framework for exploring the effects of biological examples on the sketching contours of products, as well as the perceptual matching degree between design ideas generated via sketching and the desired functions. Elliptic Fourier descriptors with principal component analysis and perceptual matching were used to evaluate and compare the effects of biological examples, no examples, and human-engineered examples from different product categories and within one product category on the sketches in an experiment that involved 28 participants. The application of elliptic Fourier descriptors with principal component analysis shows that there are significant differences in the third and seventh principal components. It is also found that exposure to biological examples can produce more sketches with high perceptual matching degree than the other three conditions, but there are no significant effects of the example exposure on the Pearson correlation coefficients of semantic differential evaluation value vectors between design problems and sketches. These results demonstrate that exposure to biological examples will correlate with Elliptic Fourier descriptors of sketches and will not significantly increase the perceptual matching degree between sketches and the desired function.

scholarly journals The Variation in 3D Face Shapes of Dutch Children for Mask Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6843
Author(s):  
Lyè Goto ◽  
Wonsup Lee ◽  
Toon Huysmans ◽  
Johan F. M. Molenbroek ◽  
Richard H. M. Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Mask Design ◽  
The Face ◽  
3D Scans ◽  
Dutch Children ◽  
Close Fit

The use of 3D anthropometric data of children’s heads and faces has great potential in the development of protective gear and medical products that need to provide a close fit in order to function well. Given the lack of detailed data of this kind, the aim of this study is to map the size and shape variation of Dutch children’s heads and faces and investigate possible implications for the design of a ventilation mask. In this study, a dataset of heads and faces of 303 Dutch children aged six months to seven years consisting of traditional measurements and 3D scans were analysed. A principal component analysis (PCA) of facial measurements was performed to map the variation of the children’s face shapes. The first principal component describes the overall size, whilst the second principal component captures the more width related variation of the face. After establishing a homology between the 3D scanned face shapes, a second principal component analysis was done on the point coordinates, revealing the most prominent variations in 3D shape within the sample.

Discrimination of the species of the Crassiphycus corneus/C. usneoides complex (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) through geometric morphometric analysis

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Isabel Vilchis ◽  
Jiri Neustupa ◽  
Kurt Dreckmann ◽  
Alejandra Quintanar ◽  
Abel Sentíes
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Geometric Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Manova Analysis

The results of the discrimination by geometric morphometry of the species within the Crassiphycus corneus/C. usneoides complex is presented, from the shape of its cortical, subcortical and medullary cells in the apical, medium and basal portions of thallus. Principal component analysis, based on the elliptic Fourier descriptors of cellular outline shapes and NP-MANOVA analysis, show that only the cortical cells in the medium portion were significantly wider in C. corneus than in C. usneoides. The isoperimetric quotients (Q) indicated that these cells were significantly more circular in C. corneus than in C. usneoides. We conclude that the outline analyses efficiently recovered phenotypic differences between the species defined by molecular systematics and considered to be cryptic, so far.

scholarly journals Intragroup variation in the Pre-Columbian Cuba population: A perspective from cranial morphology

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
Taisiya Syutkina ◽  
Mario Juan Gordillo Pérez ◽  
Silvia Teresita Hernández Godoy ◽  
Carlos Arredondo Antúnez ◽  
Armando Rangel Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Metric Traits

Abstract The paper aims to study intragroup variation inside the two pre-Columbian Cuban populations: the aceramic Archaic and the ceramic Taino groups, based on their cranial morphology. The latter applied artificial cranial deformation to all its members, so the groups are referred to as “non-deformed” and “deformed” samples here. Studies across different disciplines suggest evidence of cultural and biological diversity inside the non-deformed group, while local variations of applying the deforming device can be responsible for shape variation across the deformed group. Cranial metrics and non-metric cranial traits of the 92 crania of Cuban origin were analyzed, although the sample size varied between the analyses due to the incompleteness of the crania. Geometric morphometrics was applied to the deformed crania to study the shape variation across the sample. Three deformed crania from the Dominican Republic were analyzed together with the deformed Cuban sample to test the variability of the practice between the islands. Principal component analysis and the Mantel test did not reveal any geographic differences in the cranial metric traits. No morphological differences associated with the antiquity of materials could be seen either based on the available data. The principal component analysis of the Procrustes coordinates of the cranial vault outline in the lateral norm revealed continuous variability of cranial shapes from the ones with more flattened frontal and occipital bones to the more curved outlines, which is probably explained by individual variation. Non-metric traits variation revealed bilateral asymmetry in the expression of the occipito-mastoidal ossicles among the deformed crania. In conclusion, the study did not support assumptions about morphological diversity inside the studied samples or proved the impossibility of available craniological data to reflect possible intragroup differentiation at the moment.

scholarly journals Processing of X-ray Microcalorimeter Data with Pulse Shape Variation using Principal Component Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yan ◽  
T. Cecil ◽  
L. Gades ◽  
C. Jacobsen ◽  
T. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Pulse Shape ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
X Ray
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