scholarly journals A-196 BVRT Copy and Memory Trial Omission Errors Are Associated With Working Memory and Auditory Comprehension Deficits

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-991
Author(s):  
Vickery A ◽  
Moses J ◽  
Boese A ◽  
Maciel R ◽  
Lyu J
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Benton Visual Retention Test ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Omission Errors

Abstract Objective The goal of this study is to examine the cognitive factors that account for omission errors on the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) copy and memory trials using factorial indices based on raw subtest scores of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) and the Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE). Method Participants were referred for assessment at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. One hundred and forty-three participants were sampled. BVRT omission error scores for the copy and memory trials were factor analyzed with age, education level, WAIS-III Digit Span Forward (DSpF), and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS). These variables were refactored with the spoken language components of the MAE (naming, repetition, verbal fluency, and auditory comprehension). Results BVRT copy and memory omission scores were factorially grouped with age and inversely correlated with LNS. A second factor was composed of positive loadings on DSpF, LNS, and education. The BVRT Copy-and-Memory-Omissions-Age-LNS component was inversely and specifically related to the MAE measure of auditory comprehension. The Digit Span Forward-LNS-Education variable loaded strongly on the MAE Repetition component and secondarily on the MAE Verbal Fluency and Naming components. Conclusions BVRT copy and memory trial omission errors are strongly and specifically related to failure of auditory comprehension. Errors of this type are not related to the other three components of spoken language.

Can maintaining cognitive function at 65 years old predict successful ageing 6 years later? The PROOF study

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Castro-Lionard ◽  
Catherine Thomas-Antérion ◽  
Emilie Crawford-Achour ◽  
Isabelle Rouch ◽  
Béatrice Trombert-Paviot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Successful Ageing ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Benton Visual Retention Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Background: preservation of cognitive abilities is required to have a good quality of life. The predictive value of cognitive functioning at 65 years old on successful ageing 6 years later is not established. Methods: nine hundred and seventy-six questionnaires were sent by mail to a sample of healthy and voluntary French pensioners. Successful ageing was defined through health status and well-being. Cognitive abilities had been assessed 6 years earlier according to an objective method (Free and Cued Selective Recall Reminding Test (FCSRT), the Benton visual retention test and the similarities subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised) and a subjective one (Goldberg's anxiety scale, Mac Nair's scale and a Visual Analogue Scale to evaluate memory abilities change in the last 5 years). Results: six hundred and eighty-six questionnaires could be analysed. The mean age was 72.9 ± 1.2 years old with 59% of women and 99% lived at home. Well-being was negatively correlated with the FCSRT (r = −0.08, P = 0.0318) but positively related with the Benton (r = 0.09, P = 0.0125) and the similarities tests (r = 0.09, P = 0.0118). There is a negative correlation between anxious and cognitive complaints measured at baseline, and successful ageing indicators 6 years later. Conclusion: preservation of cognitive abilities at the age of retirement can predict a successful ageing 6 years later. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00759304.

Neuropsychological Correlates of Greek Alcoholic Patients Who Report Memory Disturbances

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Ioannis Liappas ◽  
Ioulia Theotoka ◽  
Elisabeth Kapaki ◽  
Ioannis Ilias ◽  
George P. Paraskevas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Fluency Test ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Short Test ◽  
Test Category ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Fluency Test

We studied 40 male and 37 female ( M age = 63 yr.) Greek alcoholic patients and an equal number of control subjects. Both groups were evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Syndrome Short Test, the Verbal Fluency Test (Category & Letter), the Clock Test, and the Digit Span (Forward and Backward from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised). Alcoholic patients had statistically significant lower scores on MMSE, Verbal Fluency Test, and Digit Span, and higher scores on the Syndrome Short Test, while positive correlations were found among MMSE, Verbal Fluency Test, Clock Test, Digit Span-Backward, and age. These findings point to frontal lobe dysfunction in Greek alcoholic patients which is not different from that shown in patients from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds.

Frontal lobe impairment in schizophrenia: relationship to intellectual functioning

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Crawford ◽  
M. C. Obonsawin ◽  
M. Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Verbal Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Frontal Lobe Impairment ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

SynopsisSchizophrenic subjects (N = 48) and individually matched healthy controls were administered the Verbal Scale of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (VIQ) and a test of verbal fluency. The verbal fluency and VIQ scores of the schizophrenic subjects were significantly lower than the scores of the control subjects. An additional sample of healthy subjects (N = 144) was used to generate a regression equation for the prediction of verbal fluency scores from Verbal IQ and age. The verbal fluency scores obtained by the schizophrenic subjects were significantly lower than the scores predicted from the regression equation, whereas a significant difference was not obtained in the matched controls. These results provide further evidence of frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Detection of Malingering Using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV for Psychiatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-532
Author(s):  
An Kook On ◽  
Kyu-Sic Hwang ◽  
Seung-Ho Jang ◽  
Hye-Jin Lee ◽  
Min-Jung Soh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Group 1

Objective Psychiatric patients sometimes show poor performance or exaggerated symptoms as malingering for secondary gain. The aim of this study was to introduce cut-off scores for detecting poor performance using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) in psychiatric patients.Methods Participants were 261 in- and out-patients who visited psychiatry department. They were classified into 4 group- 1) military service, 2) traumatic brain injury (TBI), 3) psychosis, 4) neurosis. A Digit Span subtest (called as Reliable Digit Span, RDS) of WAIS was used to detect malingering. This study considered a score of 10% base rate as RDS cut-off score.Results The RDS cut-off score was shown at 7 pts for military service group, at 3 pts for TBI group, at 6 pts for psychosis group, and at 6 pts for neurosis group.Conclusion This study first introduced RDS cut-off scores for malingering psychiatric patients in South Korea. In clinical practice, clinicians may be able to utilize the RDS cut-off scores for malingering-suspected patients. In particular, for patients with military service issues, 7 or less pts of RDS can be used for detecting and inferring their malingering.

Selecting Tetradic Short Forms of the Taiwan Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1633-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsinyi Chen ◽  
Mau-Sun Hua
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Estimation Quality

Factor-based Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) tetrads were investigated using the Taiwan WAIS-IV standardization sample of 1,105 normal adults aged between 16 and 90 years. Various psychometric characteristics, time constraints, and qualities of estimation were compared among 90 tetrads using linear equation procedures. Among the tetrads, the Information–Visual Puzzle–Digit Span–Digit Symbol combination had higher performance than the other combinations with respect to overall estimation quality and time saved. Moreover, the Similarities–Visual Puzzle–Digit Span–Digit Symbol, Information–Matrix Reasoning–Digit Span–Digit Symbol, and Information–Visual Puzzle–Letter Number Sequencing–Digit Symbol combinations obtained the most efficient estimates. For clinicians who value the utility of Block Design, the Information–Block Design–Digit Span–Digit Symbol combination was found to provide high estimation quality. The findings also revealed that the previously recommended Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Third Edition tetrads are no longer the best solutions for the WAIS-IV. Furthermore, even the selected WAIS-IV tetrads had substantial misclassification rates; the four-factor short forms tend to underestimate the full-scaled IQ for highly intelligent adults. Therefore, these short forms should be used cautiously and for screening purposes only.

Seating Arrangement and State Anxiety as Related to Performance on Digit Span and Digit Symbol of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Steyaert ◽  
John F. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Digit Symbol ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Seating Arrangement ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

This research investigated the effects of dyadic seating arrangement as it related to performance on the Digit Span and Digit Symbol subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised (WAIS—R) and on anxiety as measured by the “Now” version of the Affective Adjective Check List. The WAIS—R subtests and the “Now” version of the check list were administered to 40 men and 40 women to determine correlation of seating arrangement with sex of subject and performance on the WAIS—R subtests and “Now” check list. Seating arrangement (subject seated face-to-face with a desk between, versus the corner of a desk between subject and experimenter) and sex of subject had no significant effect on WAIS—R subtest scores. State anxiety was unrelated to scores or dyad seating arrangement or sex of subjects.

Auditory and Visual Recall of Forward and Backward Digit Spans

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1099-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Powell ◽  
Mark D. Hiatt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Increasingly, clinicians obtain data from tests across modalities. Little actual information, however, exists as to normal patterns. An example is auditory and visual recall of digit span. The effects of modality on recall of digit span, sequence, and order were examined with 80 subjects ( M age 24.3 yr.). Subjects were given the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and a research version of MicroCog: Assessment of Cognitive Functioning. Both contain forward and backward digit spans. Recall for visual presentation was significantly stronger than for auditory presentation of backward digit span. Recall for visual backward digit span was also superior to auditory backward digit span when the sequence of presentation was controlled. The mean number of digits recalled was higher when visual digit span was preceded by auditory digit span.

scholarly journals Stronger Together: The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition as a Multivariate Performance Validity Test in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo A Erdodi ◽  
Christopher A Abeare
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Performance Validity Assessment ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective This study was designed to evaluate the classification accuracy of a multivariate model of performance validity assessment using embedded validity indicators (EVIs) within the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Method Archival data were collected from 100 adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) consecutively referred for neuropsychological assessment in a clinical setting. The classification accuracy of previously published individual EVIs nested within the WAIS-IV and a composite measure based on six independent EVIs were evaluated against psychometrically defined non-credible performance. Results Univariate validity cutoffs based on age-corrected scaled scores on Coding, Symbol Search, Digit Span, Letter-Number-Sequencing, Vocabulary minus Digit Span, and Coding minus Symbol Search were strong predictors of psychometrically defined non-credible responding. Failing ≥3 of these six EVIs at the liberal cutoff improved specificity (.91–.95) over univariate cutoffs (.78–.93). Conversely, failing ≥2 EVIs at the more conservative cutoff increased and stabilized sensitivity (.43–.67) compared to univariate cutoffs (.11–.63) while maintaining consistently high specificity (.93–.95). Conclusions In addition to being a widely used test of cognitive functioning, the WAIS-IV can also function as a measure of performance validity. Consistent with previous research, combining information from multiple EVIs enhanced the classification accuracy of individual cutoffs and provided more stable parameter estimates. If the current findings are replicated in larger, diagnostically and demographically heterogeneous samples, the WAIS-IV has the potential to become a powerful multivariate model of performance validity assessment. Brief Summary Using a combination of multiple performance validity indicators embedded within the subtests of theWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the credibility of the response set can be establishedwith a high level of confidence. Multivariatemodels improve classification accuracy over individual tests. Relying on existing test data is a cost-effective approach to performance validity assessment.

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