scholarly journals False-Positive Error Rates for Reliable Digit Span and Auditory Verbal Learning Test Performance Validity Measures in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Loring ◽  
Felicia C. Goldstein ◽  
Chuqing Chen ◽  
Daniel L. Drane ◽  
James J. Lah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
False Positive Error ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
Validity Measures ◽  
Performance Validity Measures ◽  
Learning Test

Comparing the Psychometric Properties of Eight Embedded Performance Validity Tests in the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory, and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised Recognition Trials for Detecting Invalid Neuropsychological Test Performance

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112092909
Author(s):  
Joshua I. Pliskin ◽  
Samantha DeDios Stern ◽  
Zachary J. Resch ◽  
Kevin F. Saladino ◽  
Gabriel P. Ovsiew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Validity Tests

This cross-sectional study evaluated eight embedded performance validity tests (PVTs) previously derived from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Wechsler Memory Scale–IV–Logical Memory (LM), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R) recognition trials among a single mixed clinical sample of 108 neuropsychiatric patients (83 valid/25 invalid) with ( n = 54) and without ( n = 29) mild neurocognitive disorder. Among the overall sample, all eight recognition PVTs significantly differentiated valid from invalid performance (areas under the curve [AUCs] = .64-.81) with 26% to 44% sensitivity (≥89% specificity) at optimal cut-scores depending on the specific PVT. After subdividing the sample by cognitive impairment status, all eight PVTs continued to reliably identify invalid performance (AUC = .68-.91) with markedly increased sensitivities of 56% to 80% (≥89% specificity) in the unimpaired group. In contrast, among those with mild neurocognitive disorder, RAVLT False Positives and LM became nonsignificant, whereas the other six PVTs remained significant (AUC = .64-.77), albeit with reduced sensitivities of 32% to 44% (≥89% specificity) at optimal cut-scores. Taken together, results cross-validated BVMT-R and most RAVLT recognition indices as effective embedded PVTs for identifying invalid neuropsychological test performance with diverse populations including examinees with and without suspected mild neurocognitive disorder, whereas LM had more limited utility as an embedded PVT, particularly when mild neurocognitive disorder was present.

scholarly journals A-223 Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) Embedded Performance Validity Analyses in a Healthy Non-Clinical Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1018
Author(s):  
Arzuyan A ◽  
Mathew A ◽  
Rosenblatt A ◽  
Gracian E ◽  
Osmon D
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Visuospatial Memory ◽  
Performance Validity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Embedded Measures ◽  
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Learning Test

Abstract Objective The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) are memory tests with embedded measures of performance validity (Recognition Discrimination [RD] and Discrimination Index [DI], respectively). We evaluated whether cognitive ability and age influenced embedded measures of effort. Methods Participants included 30 young adults (YA) and 29 older adults (dichotomized into unimpaired [OAu] and impaired [OAi]). Participants completed a medication management ability assessment (MMAA), daily memory lapses survey (DM), digit span, and the Transverse Patterning (TP) and Reversal Learning (RL) computerized tests. Two Repeated-Measures MANOVAs were conducted to determine if Passing PVT and Age/Cognitive Ability influenced performance. An ROC analysis was conducted for HVLT-RD and BVMT-DI to determine pass/fail, and false positives/negatives on embedded measures. Results Those in the YA group who failed RDS (YA-fail), performed better than OAi-fail and OAi-pass groups on RT Errors (p < .0001). On TP Errors, the YA group differed from all four OA groups (p < .0001). On MMAA a significant difference was observed between OAi-fail and all other groups (p < .001). On RD, YA groups differed from both OAi groups (p = .0008). On DI, the YA groups differed from the OAi-fail group (p = .002). A logistic regression classified 43/57 participants successfully into the three cognitive groups using the six predictors (χ2 = 55.73, p < .0001, R2 = .468). RT Errors and TP were significant (Likelihood χ2 = 7.25, p = .027). Conclusion HVLT-RD failed to detect validity for OAi, as did BVMT-DI for YA and OAu. Instead, impairment effects are seen on HVLT-RD and BVMT-DI where YA groups differed from some combination of both/one of the OA groups.

Statins, Enzyme CoQ10 Supplement Use, and Cognitive Functioning

2021 ◽  
pp. 089198872110447
Author(s):  
Brian G. Collin ◽  
Dheeraj Raju ◽  
Steven Katsikas
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
Learning Test

Objective: The current study assessed the effects of statin and CoQ10 supplement use on changes in cognitive functioning in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study. Methods: 1,573 subjects were administered medical histories, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Wechsler Memory Scale, Logical Memory subtest, and the Trail Making Test, Parts A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B) 3-4 times over 5-10 years. Results: Linear mixed models did not yield significant effects for statin or CoQ10 supplement use on changes in mental status, learning and memory, psychomotor speed, and cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Statin and/or CoQ10 supplement use was not associated with neuropsychological test performance in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention study.

scholarly journals The relationship between severity of apraxia of speech and working memory

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Zazo Ortiz ◽  
Fernanda Chapchap Martins
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Word List ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Episodic Buffer ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Based on previously observed relationships between working memory (WM) and speech, the current study investigated the relationship between degree of oral apraxia (AOS) and WM capacity. Methods: This study involved assessment and classification of degree of apraxia of speech in 22 apraxic participants and evaluation of WM capacity using digit span and word-list repetition tests. Both tests were able to assess the phonoarticulatory loop, while the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test investigated the phonoarticulatory loop and the episodic buffer. Results: Independently from the degree of apraxia of speech, all of participants presented compromise in WM. Conclusions: The data presented might suggest that individuals with AOS typically have WM impairment, but it is still not clear if the severity of AOS is related to WM capacity. Future studies could verify the relationship between the severity of apraxia and the severity of WM deficits.

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