The rostellum, stigma, style and ovarian transmitting tissue in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana Cardoso-Gustavson ◽  
Arthur R Davis ◽  
Cleusa Bona ◽  
Lisa M Campbell ◽  
Fábio de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Transmitting Tissue

scholarly journals A floral transmitting tissue-specific glycoprotein attracts pollen tubes and stimulates their growth

Cell ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Y Cheung ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Hen-ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Tissue Specific

scholarly journals Floral morphology and anatomy of Dalechampia alata Klotzsch ex Baill. (Euphorbiaceae), with emphasis on secretory structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Martins ◽  
I. L. Cunha-Neto ◽  
T. M. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Staminate Flower ◽  
Ovary Wall ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
First Report ◽  
Meristematic Activity ◽  
Secretory Glands

Abstract The morphology and anatomy of the flower of Dalechampia alata, as well as the chemical nature of the exudates secreted in the inflorescence were studied using light microscope. This is the first report showing the presence of colleters in the genus Dalechampia. In the staminate flower occur a group of small secretory glands. The histochemical results indicate that the substance secreted from the glands is lipidic and resinuous in nature, while in the colleters it consists of polysaccharides and lipid-rich substances. The ovule of D. alata are anatropous, subglobose and bitegmic. It presents obturator, micropyle occluded by nucellar beak and meristematic activity in the ovary wall. The secretion produced in the stigmatic and transmitting tissue consists of polysaccharides.

scholarly journals The synstigma turns the fig into a large flower

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Simone P Teixeira ◽  
Marina F B Costa ◽  
João Paulo Basso-Alves ◽  
Finn Kjellberg ◽  
Rodrigo A S Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Fig Wasp ◽  
Fig Wasps ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Large Flower

Abstract The synstigma is a structure formed by clusters of two to several stigmas, whether in the same or between different flowers. Although rare in angiosperms, synstigmas are found in c. 500 out of the c. 750 Ficus spp. (Moraceae). This floral structure is associated with fig-fig wasp pollinating mutualism. The synstigma structure and pollen tube pathways were studied in six Ficus spp. from Ficus section Americanae to test the hypothesis that the synstigma allows pollen grains deposited on a stigma to emit pollen tubes that can grow laterally and fertilize surrounding flowers. Syconia containing recently pollinated stigmas were collected and dissected, and the stigmas were processed for analyses with light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The arrangement of the synstigmas across species can be spaced or congested, with the number of stigmas per synstigma ranging from two to 20. Contact between the stigmas in a synstigma occurs by the intertwining of the stigmatic branches and papillae; their union is firm or loose. The pollen tube grows through live cells of the transmitting tissue until reaching the ovule micropyle. Curved pollen tubes growing from one stigma to another were observed in five out of the six species studied. The curvilinear morphology of pollen tubes probably results from competition by pollen between the stigmas composing a synstigma via chemotropic signals. The synstigma appears to be a key adaptation that ensures seed production by flowers not exploited by the fig wasps in actively pollinated Ficus spp.

Structure and Histochemistry of the Stigma and Style of Some Australian Species of Acacia

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kenrick ◽  
RB Knox
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Microscopic Appearance ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Stigma Surface

The structure and histochemistry of the stigma and style of Acacia conferta, A , dealbata, A . iteaphylla, A . mearnsii, A. retinodes and A. subulata were investigated in relation to the pathway of pollination. The stigma is non-papillate and forms a cup-shaped depression at the tip of the style that glistens with exudate at anthesis. This exudate is heterogeneous in microscopic appearance and stained positively for proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. No cuticle is detectable over the stigma surface and living stigma cells showed a high permeability to staining by both the periodic acid-Schiff's reaction and ruthenium red. Esterase activity, detected cytochemically in fresh stigmas, is present in the surface exudate and in the walls of the transmitting cells in the upper style. The style has a central transmitting tissue, consisting of longitudinally elongated rows of cells loosely packed in a mucilaginous extracellular matrix. The cytoplasm of the transmitting cells stained intensely for proteins.

Development of stigmatoid anthers in a tobacco mutant: implications for regulation of stigma differentiation

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2339-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Trull ◽  
Brian L. Holaway ◽  
Russell L. Malmberg
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vegetative Shoot ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Vegetative Shoot Apex ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Scanning Electron

We characterized the development of a tobacco floral mutant, Mgr27, previously obtained by selecting for resistance to an inhibitor of an enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. Mgr27 plants are shorter than the wild type with smaller leaves and a compact inflorescence. The plants have a regular leaf plastochron and a vegetative shoot apex similar to the wild-type vegetative shoot apex. There are frequently more than five floral organs in the first three whorls, and the anthers produce stigmatoids. At the scanning electron microscope level, the stigmatoids appear concurrently on all of the anthers and at approximately the same time that the stigma appears on the pistil. The stigmatoids contain tissue histologically and biochemically similar to transmitting tissue and they permit the germination and growth of pollen tubes. The mutant line has significantly lower levels of free and conjugated spermidine as well as significantly lower levels of conjugated putrescine. Key words: floral development, mutant, Nicotiana tabacum (tobaccco), polyamines, stigmatoid anthers.

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