Epileptic Brain Damage: The Role of Systemic Factors That Modify Cerebral Energy Metabolism

Brain ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Blennow ◽  
J. B. Brierley ◽  
B. S. Meldrum ◽  
B. S. Siesjo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽  
Systemic Factors

scholarly journals Cerebral energy metabolism in mallard ducks during apneic asphyxia: the role of oxygen conservation

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. R352-R357
Author(s):  
R. M. Bryan ◽  
D. R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Cerebral Energy Metabolism ◽  
Nadh Fluorescence ◽  
Tissue Po2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Cerebral energy metabolism during apneic asphyxia was studied in ducks. Fluctuations in the reduced form of respiratory chain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) were monitored from the left cerebral hemisphere and used as an indicator of mitochondrial hypoxia. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and surface PO2 were recorded from the right hemisphere. Forced dives of 4- to 7-min duration on restrained ducks were characterized by bradycardia and an accumulation of NADH, which increased throughout the diving period. NADH returned to the preasphyxic level when breathing was resumed. In later experiments, asphyxia was produced by stopping artificial ventilation in paralyzed ducks. Asphyxia produced by this means caused similar changes in the measured variables (heart rate, blood pressure, and NADH fluorescence) to those obtained in forced submergence of nonparalyzed ducks. The inhibition of cardiovascular adjustments by atropine caused NADH to increase faster and tissue PO2 to decrease faster during apneic asphyxia than in nonatropinized ducks. We conclude that the oxygen-conserving cardiovascular adjustments play a key role in the increased cerebral tolerance to apneic asphyxia in ducks.

Mitochondrial matrix calcium ions regulate energy production in myocardium: A cytochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
W.A. Jacob ◽  
R. Hertsens ◽  
A. Van Bogaert ◽  
M. De Smet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Mitochondrial Matrix ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Nmr Techniques

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

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