Bureaucratic Politics and Chinese Foreign Policy-making

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Qingmin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Bureaucratic Politics

From Lin Biao to Deng Xiaoping: Elite Instability and China's U.S. Policy

1989 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 265-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
Leadership Turnover

In the field of Chinese foreign policy, the debate continues over the importance of domestic and international factors in policy–making. Scholars arguing in favour of the special importance of domestic politics in the formulation of policy point to the existence of elite differences over foreign policy and contend that the shifting fortunes of individual leaders and the leadership turnover associated with succession politics can significantly shape China's security policy. Other scholars stress the importance of such international factors as shifting global balances of power, changing alliance patterns, and relative bargaining strengths in Beijing's foreign policy.

The Study of Chinese Foreign Policy: Problems and Prospect

1994 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Empirical Validity ◽  
Narrow Focus ◽  
Policy Problems ◽  
State Of The Field

This article examines the state of the field in the Western study of Chinese foreign policy. After briefly surveying the earlier generations of scholarship, it critiques the current narrow focus and apolitical tendency in studying Chinese foreign policy-making institutions and perceptions of foreign policy makers and specialists. The author argues for a more balanced and more comprehensive approach that combines analytical vigor and empirical validity.

La prise de décision belige en politique extérieure : cohésion, tensions, controle et influences

Res Publica ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
Christian Franck
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Third World ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Bureaucratic Politics ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Prise De Décision ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Countervailing Power

Besides classical issues of parliamentary control and pressure groups' influence, coordination between ministers and administrations involved in foreign policy making and harmonization of national foreign policy with external cultural relations led by the french, flemish and german Communities are the major problems belgian foreign policy making has to cope with.Divergences on options or heterogeneity of functional missions (Finance and Third World Cooperation e.g.) require arbitration and cooperative procedures provided by foreign affairs ministerial comitee at the governmental level. Competition for leading role and confrontation of functional paradigms foster «bureaucratic politics» between services. European affairs constitues a major issue for bureaucratic coordination.Attribution to the Communities of assessment power to cultural agreements and reservation to national government of the treaty making power let arise a kind of illogism and a conflict of competences that pragmatic concertation tends to get round.As to parliamentary control, it consists in a greater influence of majority's deputies than in an effective opposition's countervailing power to amend coalition foreign policy. So play pressure groups a role in influencing bilateral much more than multilateral affairs.

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