Can nutritional criteria help predict outcome in hospitalized patients?

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2077-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
V M Prabhakaran ◽  
S Pujara ◽  
A J Mills ◽  
V W Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Predicting Outcome ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids

Abstract The following nutritional criteria were evaluated for their usefulness in predicting outcome in a prospective study of 66 randomly selected hospitalized patients with a variety of diagnoses: total protein, albumin, and transferrin concentrations in serum, creatinine height index, weight height index, phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio (Phe/Tyr), concentration of branched-chain amino acids in serum, and ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids in serum. The cases were followed from admission to discharge, and were classified into the following three groups: 43 "well"; 14 with "complications" but recovered; and nine "dead". Statistical analysis (Scheffe's s-test) demonstrated the means of "well" and "dead" groups to be different for total protein, albumin, transferrin, and Phe/Tyr. In individual patients the nutritional criteria, even for those with fatal outcome, were poor indicators of outcome. These nutritional criteria are useful in identifying hospitalized groups that are at maximum risk (i.e., death), but are much less useful for individual patients.

Intake of branched-chain amino acids influences the levels of MAFbx mRNA and MuRF-1 total protein in resting and exercising human muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (5) ◽  
pp. E510-E521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Borgenvik ◽  
William Apró ◽  
Eva Blomstrand
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Branched Chain

Resistance exercise and amino acids are two major factors that influence muscle protein turnover. Here, we examined the effects of resistance exercise and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), individually and in combination, on the expression of anabolic and catabolic genes in human skeletal muscle. Seven subjects performed two sessions of unilateral leg press exercise with randomized supplementation with BCAA or flavored water. Biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis muscle of both the resting and exercising legs before and repeatedly after exercise to determine levels of mRNA, protein phosphorylation, and amino acid concentrations. Intake of BCAA reduced ( P < 0.05) MAFbx mRNA by 30 and 50% in the resting and exercising legs, respectively. The level of MuRF-1 mRNA was elevated ( P < 0.05) in the exercising leg two- and threefold under the placebo and BCAA conditions, respectively, whereas MuRF-1 total protein increased by 20% ( P < 0.05) only in the placebo condition. Phosphorylation of p70S6k increased to a larger extent (∼2-fold; P < 0.05) in the early recovery period with BCAA supplementation, whereas the expression of genes regulating mTOR activity was not influenced by BCAA. Muscle levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine were reduced (13–17%) throughout recovery ( P < 0.05) in the placebo condition and to a greater extent (32–43%; P < 0.05) following BCAA supplementation in both resting and exercising muscle. In conclusion, BCAA ingestion reduced MAFbx mRNA and prevented the exercise-induced increase in MuRF-1 total protein in both resting and exercising leg. Further-more, resistance exercise differently influenced MAFbx and MuRF-1 mRNA expression, suggesting both common and divergent regulation of these two ubiquitin ligases.

Hyperphenylalaninemia: the effect on cerebral amino acid levels during development

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 883-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lowden ◽  
M. A. LaRamée
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Myelin Formation ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Amino Acid Levels ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids

The subcutaneous administration of phenylalanine to adult or 20-day-old rats produces a 20- to 25-fold rise in cerebral phenylalanine with only a two- to five-fold rise in tyrosine.The branched-chain amino acids decrease in the brains of these animals but levels of nonessential amino acids are unchanged.In 10-day-old rats subcutaneous phenylalanine administration produces a greater increase in cerebral phenylalanine and tyrosine and has less effect on the branched-chain amino acids, but causes marked decreases in nonessential amino acids. The findings suggest that the permanent defect in myelin formation produced by hyperphenylalaninemia in the newborn rat may be related to altered intermediary metabolism resulting from the fall in nonessential amino acids.

scholarly journals Branched Chain Amino Acids, Androgen Hormones, and Metabolic Risk Across Early Adolescence: A Prospective Study in Project Viva

Obesity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Perng ◽  
Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman ◽  
Marie-France Hivert ◽  
Jorge E. Chavarro ◽  
Emily Oken
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
A Prospective Study

Only L-valine among branched-chain amino acids is effective in promoting the growth of the small intestinal mucosa

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A676-A676
Author(s):  
T TAKAHASHI ◽  
H DOI ◽  
H KOMATSU ◽  
K SATO ◽  
O UEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Branched Chain

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

Branched chain amino acids decrease top-down event-related potentials in healthy subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Neuhaus ◽  
TE Goldberg ◽  
Y Hassoun ◽  
JA Bates ◽  
KW Nassauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Branched Chain
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