Reference Values for Immunoglobulin Kappa and Lambda Light Chains and the Kappa/Lambda Ratio in Children's Serum

Abstract We analyzed 708 serum samples from healthy children and adolescents by immunonephelometry to obtain reference values for the immunoglobulin kappa (kappa) and lambda (lambda) light chains and for their ratio at a time of life when immunoglobulin synthesis is maturing and continually being stimulated. The lambda chain concentration that is to be maintained throughout the child's life is reached very early, just after 1 year, whereas the concentration of the kappa chains, which increases gradually, reflects the concentration of the immunoglobulins as a whole. These reference values may be useful for studying kappa and lambda chains in illnesses involving the immune system in children.

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Paediatric reference intervals for 17 Roche cobas 8000 e602 immunoassays in the CALIPER cohort of healthy children and adolescents

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2019-0707 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (12) ◽

pp. 1968-1979 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mary Kathryn Bohn ◽

Victoria Higgins ◽

Shervin Asgari ◽

Felix Leung ◽

Barry Hoffman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Reference Values ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Clinical Laboratories ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Roche Cobas

Abstract Background The diagnostic utility of laboratory tests in paediatric medicine relies heavily on the availability of appropriate reference intervals (RIs). The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Paediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) has established a comprehensive database of covariate-stratified RIs for many paediatric laboratory tests using a large, healthy reference population. Several automated analysers in widespread use in clinical laboratories have already been studied. Here, we extend the testing to Roche immunoassays and report, for the first time, comprehensive paediatric RIs for 17 endocrine and special chemistry markers. Methods A total of 741 healthy children and adolescents (1 day to <19 years) were recruited and serum samples were analysed for 17 immunoassays on the Roche cobas 8000 e602 Immunoassay Analyzer. Age and sex-specific RIs were established and corresponding 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results Reference values for all analytes measured required age partitioning, particularly during early life and throughout adolescence. Of the 17 analytes measured, eight required sex partitioning, including ferritin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and all fertility/sex hormones, except prolactin. Conclusions This is the first study to determine accurate paediatric RIs for Roche immunoassays. RIs were generally similar to those previously published by CALIPER on other analytical platforms, highlighting the reproducibility of age- and sex-specific trends in reference values observed across the paediatric age range. The RIs established in this study will improve the accuracy of test result interpretation and clinical decision-making in clinical laboratories utilising Roche immunoassays.

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Folate and Cobalamin Serum Levels in Healthy Children and Adolescents and Their Association with Age, Sex, BMI and Socioeconomic Status

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020546 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 546

Author(s):

Paulina Kreusler ◽

Mandy Vogel ◽

Anja Willenberg ◽

Ronny Baber ◽

Yvonne Dietz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Population Based ◽

Research Centre ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Lms Method ◽

Healthy Participants ◽

Age And Sex

This study proposes age- and sex-specific percentiles for serum cobalamin and folate, and analyzes the effects of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES) on cobalamin and folate concentrations in healthy children and adolescents. In total, 4478 serum samples provided by healthy participants (2 months–18.0 years) in the LIFE (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases) Child population-based cohort study between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Continuous age-and sex-related percentiles (2.5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, 97.5th) were estimated, applying Cole’s LMS method. In both sexes, folate concentrations decreased continuously with age, whereas cobalamin concentration peaked between three and seven years of age and declined thereafter. Female sex was associated with higher concentrations of both vitamins in 13- to 18-year-olds and with higher folate levels in one- to five-year-olds. BMI was inversely correlated with concentrations of both vitamins, whilst SES positively affected folate but not cobalamin concentrations. To conclude, in the assessment of cobalamin and folate status, the age- and sex-dependent dynamic of the respective serum concentrations must be considered. While BMI is a determinant of both vitamin concentrations, SES is only associated with folate concentrations.

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Pediatric reference intervals for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D using the DiaSorin LIAISON XL assay in the healthy CALIPER cohort

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2017-0767 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 964-972 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Victoria Higgins ◽

Dorothy Truong ◽

Nicole M.A. White-Al Habeeb ◽

Angela W.S. Fung ◽

Barry Hoffman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Critical Role ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the biologically active vitamin D metabolite, plays a critical role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D is measured to assess calcium and phosphate metabolism, particularly during periods of profound growth and development. Despite its importance, no reliable pediatric reference interval exists, with those available developed using adult populations or out-dated methodologies. Using the fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay by DiaSorin, we established 1,25(OH)2D pediatric reference intervals using healthy children and adolescents from the CALIPER cohort. Methods: Serum samples from healthy subjects (0 to <19 years) were analyzed for 1,25(OH)2D using the DiaSorin LIAISON XL assay and age-specific reference intervals were established. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to determine seasonal differences. Pooled neonatal and infantile samples were quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine if elevated concentrations during the first year of life may be attributed to cross-reacting moieties. Results: Three reference interval age partitions were required with highest levels in subjects 0 to <1 year (77–471 pmol/L), which declined and narrowed after 1 year (113–363 pmol/L) and plateaued at 3 years (108–246 pmol/L). 1,25(OH)2D concentration was not significantly affected by seasonal variation or sex. Elevated 1,25(OH)2D concentrations in neonatal and infantile samples may be the result of an interfering substance. The absence of 3-epi-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the pooled samples makes it unlikely to be the interfering moiety. Conclusions: Pediatric reference intervals for 1,25(OH)2D were established to improve test result interpretation in children and adolescents. 1,25(OH)2D is elevated in a proportion of neonates and infants, which may be the result of a cross-reacting moiety.

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Abstract 170: Re-evaluation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness by Z-score in Children and Adolescents After Kawasaki Disease

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_2.170 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Nobutaka Noto ◽

Masataka Kato ◽

Yuriko Abe ◽

Hiroshi Kamiyama ◽

Kensuke Karasawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Reference Values ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Specific Reference ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Z Scores ◽

The Mean

Objectives: The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a reliable screening method for vascular alterations even in a pediatric cohort; however, reference values of CIMT established recently by LMS methods for childhood and adolescence are limited when comparing patients after Kawasaki disease (KD) and controls. We tested the hypothesis that there are significant differences between the values of CIMT expressed as absolute values and z-scores in children and adolescents after KD and controls. Methods: We reviewed 12 published articles regarding CIMT on patients after KD and controls. Absolute values (Ab) of the mean±1 SD of CIMT in patients after KD and controls were transformed to z-scores (Zs) using age-specific reference values established by Jourdan et al. (J: 247 Caucasian subjects aged 10-20 years) and our own data (O: 175 Asian subjects aged 6-20 years), and the results were compared between the two references. In this study, the mean age of the study population derived from each article was designated the representative age for transformation. Results: In either reference (J) or (O), there was no significant sex difference in CIMT at any given age. The mean CIMT of (Ab) and (Zs) transformed by (J) or (O) were significantly different between patients after KD and controls, at 41.6% (Ab), 66.6% (Zs) by (J), and 83.3% (Zs) by (O) among 12 articles, respectively. Therefore, patients after KD had significantly higher (Zs) by (O) than those of controls (0.66±0.71 vs. 0.03±0.68, p=0.006, respectively). Compared with reference values, the controls of (O) were within the normal range. However, there were no significant differences in (Zs) by (J) between the two groups (1.72±0.77 vs. 1.23±0.83, p=0.116, respectively). When we assessed 9 articles dealing with Asian subjects, the difference of (Zs) between the two groups remained significant only by (O) (p=0.015). In contrast, when we assessed 3 articles dealing with mainly Caucasian subjects, there was no significant difference in (Zs) between the two groups with both (J) and (O). Conclusions: These results indicate that age and race-specific reference values for CIMT are mandatory for performing an accurate assessment of the vascular status in healthy children and adolescents and particularly in those after KD.

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