Improvements on the Automatic Determination of Micro Amounts of Serum Calcium

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
H V Malmstadt ◽  
T P Hadjiioannou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
Complete Procedure

Abstract Calcium in 0.2 ml. of blood serum can be titrated automatically in about 10 sec. with a reproducibility of 1-2%. It is not necessary to deproteinize the serum, and the complete procedure requires less than 1 min.

scholarly journals Effect of the first and second postpartum partial milking on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
E.G. Salgado-Hernández ◽  
A. Aparicio-Cecilio ◽  
F.H. Velásquez-Forero ◽  
D.A. Castillo-Mata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Parturient paresis and subclinical hypocalcemia are frequent metabolic disorders in dairy cows postpartum. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postpartum partial milking in the first two milkings on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were randomized into two groups. Cows of group 1 (n = 10) were partially milked at the first and second milking postpartum. Cows of group 2 (n = 10) were completely milked. Blood samples were collected from all animals 5–7 days before calving, within 30 min after calving, and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 h after calving for determination of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations. Colostrum production was registered and sampled in the first and second milking. Concentration of Ca in colostrum was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum Ca and P concentrations decreased in both groups after parturition (P < 0.05) and remained low during 32 h postpartum with no difference observed between groups (P > 0.05). Serum concentrations of Mg were stable in all samples and no statistical difference was observed between groups (P > 0.05). Colostrum production was higher in completely milked cows only in the first postpartum milking (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between groups at the second milking. Total Ca secretion in colostrum was higher in the complete milking group at the first and second postpartum milking. Colostrum Ca secretion increased at the second milking with respect to the first one in both groups (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between serum Ca and colostrum Ca (P > 0.05). In this study, the partial milking of colostrum in the first and second milking postpartum did not prevent subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows.  

scholarly journals Determination of blood serum calcium, inorganic phoshorus and magnesium in different productive stages of holstein dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Marko Cincovic ◽  
Vladimir Kurcubic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Milun Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Macro Elements

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine and compare levels of blood serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium in the peripartal period and during mid lactation in Holstein dairy cattle. Materials and Methods. Blood samples were collected from 12 cows in late pregnancy, 12 early lactation cows, and 12 mid lactation cows. Results and Conclusions. Serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus in blood of dairy cows in early and mid lactation were significantly lower compared to the values in the blood serum of dairy cows in late pregnancy, probably indicating the increased use of these macro elements by the mammary gland at the early stages of lactation. When the cows were in the lactation period, blood serum magnesium levels were significantly lower compared to the values of dairy cows during late pregnancy, probably indicating the increased use of magnesium by the dairy cows during lactation. The results show that the homeostasis of the macro elements examined in the blood of transition and mid lactation dairy cows was maintained, suggesting their adequate supply from alimentary sources.

Automated, Simultaneous Microdetermination of Calcium and Magnesium by Atomic Absorption

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Gochman ◽  
Harry Givelber
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Abstract A procedure is described for the simultaneous, automatic determination of serum calcium and magnesium with the AutoAnalyzer, and a dual-channel, double-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer, the IL Model 153. Advantages over existing procedures include a high rate of analysis (90 samples or 180 tests per hour) and low sample consumption (a total of 30 µl for both determinations). We have compared the new procedure with a manual one in which the Perkin-Elmer Model 303 atomic absorption spectrophotometer is used.

Determination of Chloride in Blood Serum, Plasma, or Other Biologic Fluids by a New Rapid Precision Method

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
H V Malmstadt ◽  
J D Winefordner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Null Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potentiometric Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Precision Method ◽  
Chloride Determination ◽  
Complete Procedure ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract The new, extremely sensitive and accurate precision null-point potentiometric method has been applied to the determination of chloride in blood serum or plasma and 2 simple procedures are described, one for deproteinized serum and the other for serum directly. Measurements of chloride in diluted serum samples containing only 0.02 ml. blood serum can be carried out in less than 1 minute by the precision null-point potentiometric method with relative errors less than 0.5% for the complete procedure. Sample manipulations and all other operations for the chloride determination require about 1 to 3 minutes, the longer time for deproteinizing the serum. The same procedure is suitable for chloride determinations in other biologic samples, and the general considerations are presented.

On Automatic Determination of Movement Phases in Manual Transport During the Precision Grip

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Hosseini ◽  
Blanka Hejdukova ◽  
Pall E. Ingvarsson ◽  
Bo Johnels ◽  
Torsten Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Precision Grip ◽  
Automatic Determination

Automatic Determination of Optimal FIB Operations for Improved Circuit Probing and Fast Reconfiguration

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Desplats ◽  
Timothee Dargnies ◽  
Jean-Christophe Courrege ◽  
Philippe Perdu ◽  
Jean-Louis Noullet
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Semiconductor Devices ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
Metal Line ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Metal Layers

Abstract Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools are widely used for Integrated Circuit (IC) debug and repair. With the increasing density of recent semiconductor devices, FIB operations are increasingly challenged, requiring access through 4 or more metal layers to reach a metal line of interest. In some cases, accessibility from the front side, through these metal layers, is so limited that backside FIB operations appear to be the most appropriate approach. The questions to be resolved before starting frontside or backside FIB operations on a device are: 1. Is it do-able, are the metal lines accessible? 2. What is the optimal positioning (e.g. accessing a metal 2 line is much faster and easier than digging down to a metal 6 line)? (for the backside) 3. What risk, time and cost are involved in FIB operations? In this paper, we will present a new approach, which allows the FIB user or designer to calculate the optimal FIB operation for debug and IC repair. It automatically selects the fastest and easiest milling and deposition FIB operations.

Polarographic study of hydrolysis of [8-lysine]vasopressin and its derivatives with blood serum of pregnant women

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikuláš Chavko ◽  
Michal Bartík ◽  
Evžen Kasafírek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Polarographic Study ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Lysine Vasopressin ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Vasopressin Analogues

A polarographic study of the hydrolysis of [8-lysine]vasopressin and some hormonogens of the vasopressin series with the blood serum of women in the last week of pregnancy was studied. The dependence of hydrolysis on pH (pH optimum: 7.4-7.50, substrate concentration (Km 1.2 . 10-5M), pH stability and thermal stability were determined. The rate of hydrolysis of individual vasopressin analogues decreases in the order: [8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-glycyl-prolyl[8-lysine]-vasopressin > Nα-leucyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-phenyl alanyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-diglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-prolyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-triglycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin > Nα-sarcosyl-glycyl-[8-lysine]vasopressin. The degree of hydrolysis gradually increases to a multiple with the length of the pregnancy in consequence of the presence of oxytocine. However, vasopressin is also hydrolysed to a small extent with the enzymes from the blood sera of non-pregnant women. Under similar analytical conditions oxytocin was not hydrolysed with the sera of non-pregnant women and therefore oxytocin is a more suitable substrate than vasopressin for polarographic determination of serum oxytocinase.

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