scholarly journals Testing for selection on color and pattern in a mimetic radiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Yeager ◽  
Jason L. Brown ◽  
Victor Morales ◽  
Molly Cummings ◽  
Kyle Summers
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Poison Frog ◽  
Neutral Drift ◽  
Phenotypic Divergence ◽  
Ranitomeya Imitator ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Testing For Selection

Abstract In this paper, we analyze variation in spectral reflectance and color pattern among populations to demonstrate dramatic divergence between four distinct morphs of the mimic poison frog Ranitomeya imitator. We also analyze genetic divergence in d-loop mtDNA sequences between populations. We then use coalescent-based simulations to demonstrate that the high levels of observed phenotypic divergence are not consistent with levels of genetic divergence expected under neutral drift among populations, implying an important role for selection in driving divergence between these populations.

Mimetic Divergence and the Speciation Continuum in the Mimic Poison Frog Ranitomeya imitator

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Twomey ◽  
Jacob S. Vestergaard ◽  
Pablo J. Venegas ◽  
Kyle Summers
Keyword(s):  
Poison Frog ◽  
Ranitomeya Imitator ◽  
Speciation Continuum

scholarly journals Phylogeographic relationships and shallow mitochondrial divergence of Algerian populations of Salamandra algira

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Merabet ◽  
Eugenia Sanchez ◽  
Abdelhak Dahmana ◽  
Sergé Bogaerts ◽  
David Donaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
North African ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
The North ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
Fire Salamander ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Eastern Morocco

The North African fire salamander, Salamandra algira, is distributed in Algeria, Morocco and Ceuta (Spanish territory located on the north coast of Africa), but until now rather limited information has been available on the populations across the Algerian part of its range. We here provide a first analysis of the phylogeography of this species in Algeria, based on 44 samples from populations distributed across 15 localities in Central Algeria. We sequenced three segments of mitochondrial DNA, covering 12S rRNA, cytochrome b (Cytb) and the D-loop. The mtDNA sequences of the Algerian samples were strongly different from the Moroccan populations occurring west of the Moulouya River (corresponding to the subspecies S. a. tingitana and S. a. splendens) but sister to the genetically rather similar population from the Beni Snassen Massif in eastern Morocco (subspecies S. algira spelaea). Among the Algerian specimens studied, those from the westernmost site, Chrea Massif, were the sister clade to the remaining populations, and the overall genetic divergence was low, with a maximum of five mutational steps in a 295 bp fragment of cytochrome b.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genetic Divergence among Poison Frog Populations in a Mimetic Radiation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e55443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Twomey ◽  
Justin Yeager ◽  
Jason Lee Brown ◽  
Victor Morales ◽  
Molly Cummings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Poison Frog

Spectral-reflectance linear models for optical color-pattern recognition

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan L. Nieves ◽  
Javier Hernández-Andrés ◽  
Eva Valero ◽  
Javier Romero
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Optical Color

Taxonomy and genetic divergence of Paranoplocephala kalelai (Tenora, Haukisalmi et Henttonen, 1985) (Cestoda, Anoplocephalidae) in the grey-sided vole Myodes rufocanus in northern Fennoscandia

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Voitto Haukisalmi ◽  
Lotta Hardman ◽  
Jukka Niemimaa ◽  
Heikki Henttonen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Clethrionomys Rufocanus ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Myodes Rufocanus ◽  
Anoplocephalid Cestode

AbstractParanoplocephala kalelai (Tenora, Haukisalmi et Henttonen, 1985) is an anoplocephalid cestode that primarily parasitizes the grey-sided vole Myodes rufocanus (syn. Clethrionomys rufocanus) in northern Fennoscandia. In a preliminary molecular phylogenetic analysis, the cytochrome oxidase I (mtDNA) sequences of P. kalelai formed two divergent sublineages originating from two different localities in northern Finland and northern Norway. The present data confirm the existence of two strongly supported clades and show that their geographic distributions are overlapping in northernmost Finland. Relatively deep genetic divergence and coexistence of the two main clades at one of the localities suggest that the material may include two biological species. However, because the specimens representing the two mtDNA clades of P. kalelai are not morphometrically sufficiently differentiated and because the mtDNA clade of the specimens from the type locality is unknown, they are not assigned to different species. Comparison with the existing phylogeographic data of M. rufocanus suggests that the genetic structure of this host-specific cestode reflects the glacial and post-glacial history of its primary host. A redescription is presented for P. kalelai.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Domestic Japanese Quail Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA D-Loop and Microsatellite Markers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0169978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Nunome ◽  
Mikiharu Nakano ◽  
Ryo Tadano ◽  
Ryoka Kawahara-Miki ◽  
Tomohiro Kono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
D Loop

scholarly journals Identificación de ADN mitocondrial Bos taurus en poblaciones de ganado Cebú Brahman colombiano

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Gloria Patricia Barrera ◽  
Rodrigo Alfredo Martínez ◽  
Manuel Fernando Ariza
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Dna Fragment

<p>El continente americano fue colonizado en el siglo XVI por los europeos quienes introdujeron por primera vez el ganado bovino de origen <em>Bos taurus</em>. La introducción de ganado <em>Bos indicus </em>ocurrió muchos años después, con las primeras importaciones desde la India, las cuales incluyeron principalmente machos. Con el fin de estudiar la participación de hembras <em>Bos taurus </em>en el origen del ganado Cebú colombiano, se secuenció un fragmento del ADN mitocondrial de 374 pb (<em>D-Loop</em>) en seis animales de la raza Cebú Brahman colombiano y 20 individuos representativos de las cinco razas criollas colombianas: seis de Blanco Orejinegro (BON), cinco de Costeño con  Cuernos (CCC), tres de Romosinuano (ROMO), cuatro de Casanareño (CAS) y dos de San Martinero (SM). Adicionalmente, para el mismo fragmento se secuenciaron dos individuos de la raza española Pirenaica, como referente <em>Bos taurus</em>. La comparación de las secuencias reveló que los animales de la raza Cebú Brahman colombiano analizados presentaron ADN mitocondrial de origen taurino con mayor cercanía respecto de las razas criollas de origen <em>Bos taurus </em>europeo que con relación a las secuencias consenso <em>Bos indicus</em>, frente a las que se hallaron mayores divergencias. Adicionalmente, las divergencias de las razas criollas colombianas con respecto al consenso <em>Bos taurus </em>europeo variaron entre 0,005 y 0,014, resultado que sugiere la participación de matrilineajes <em>Bos taurus </em>en el origen del Cebú Brahman colombiano.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Identification of mitochondrial DNA of Bos taurus origin in Colombian Zebu Brahman cattle </strong></p><p>The American continent was colonised in the XVI century by the Europeans who introduced the Bos taurus cattle. The introduction of Bos indicus cattle was done a few years later with cattle from India, mainly males. In order to study the participation of Bos Taurus females in the origin of the Colombian Zebu cattle, a 374 bp mitochondrial DNA fragment was sequenced (D-Loop) in six animals belonging to Colombian Zebu Brahman breed and 20 individuals representative of he five Colombian native breeds: 6 of Blanco Orejinegro (BON), five of Costeño Con Cuernos (CCC), three of Romosinuano (ROMO), four of Casanareño (CAS) and two of San Martinero (SM). As a reference to Bos taurus, two individuals of the Spanish Pirenaica breed were also sequenced for the same fragment. Comparison between sequences revealed that the Zebu Brahman cattle has mitochondrial DNA of Bos Taurus origin and closer to the native breeds of Spanish origin. Although described as Bos indicus, it showed the lowest genetic divergence when compared with the consensus sequence of European Bos taurus. The genetic divergences of the Colombian native breeds compared with the European Bos Taurus ranged between 0.005 and 0.014. This suggests the participation of Bos taurus matrilineages in the origin of the Colombian Zebu Brahman cattle.</p>

scholarly journals Prognathodes geminus, a new species of butterflyfish (Teleostei, Chaetodontidae) from Palau

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Copus ◽  
Richard L. Pyle ◽  
Brian D. Greene ◽  
John E. Randall
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the butterflyfish genus Prognathodes (Chaetodontidae) is described from two specimens collected at a depth of 116 m off Ngemelis Island, Palau. Prognathodesgeminussp. n. is similar to P.basabei Pyle &amp; Kosaki, 2016 from the Hawaiian archipelago, and P.guezei (Maugé &amp; Bauchot, 1976) from the western Indian Ocean, but differs from these species in the number of soft dorsal-fin rays, size of head, body width, and body depth. There are also subtle differences in life color, and substantial differences in the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I sequence (d ≈ 0.08). Although genetic comparisons with P.guezei are unavailable, it is expected that the genetic divergence between P.guezei and P.geminus will be even greater than that between P.geminus and P.basabei. It is named for the strikingly similar color pattern it shares with P.basabei.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequence Analysis of Busha Cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1159-1164
Author(s):  
Polona Margeta ◽  
Vladimir Margeta
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Mtdna Variation ◽  
Loop Sequence ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
Different Parts

Maintaining the genetic diversity of autochthonous breeds is very important and should be included in animal breeding strategies and conservation plans with the aim to preserve animals, adapted to variety of husbandry systems and different environmental conditions. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation studies were particularly useful in establishing relationship and variability between and within domestic species populations. The mtDNA D-loop sequencing was used to determine the genetic status of 41 Busha cattle from different parts of Croatia along with 21 Busha mtDNA sequences from Genbank, and assessing Busha cattle phylogenetic relationship to the other Croatian autochthonous cattle breeds, as well as to the commercial cattle breeds and main described mtDNA haplotypes. The analysis of Busha cattle mtDNA D-loop sequences revealed presence of 26 different haplotypes, which confirms a high genetic variability of the preserved maternal components. Comparison with major cattle haplogroups sequences revealed that majority of Busha cattle were in the T3 haplogroup (44%), while other haplotypes were present in lesser extent (8% T1, 7% T2, 13% T4 and 5% T6). Haplotype H2 (23% of all Busha cattle sequences) didn’t cluster with any of the T haplogroups. Employment of more powerful genetic markers should reveal the correct status of the new haplotype H2 and better understanding of genetic variation and relationships among Busha cattle and entire brachicerous cattle population.

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