Long-term effects of the Herbst appliance on the craniomandibular system with special reference to the TMJ

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on March 2020 till date, measures like hand hygiene, social distancing and testing have worked only partially to contain the cases and deaths. Cooper and Nair Hospitals were amongst the nodal centres identied in January 2021 to launch the Nationwide Vaccination drive in Mumbai. Aim: To highlight the pattern of vaccination roll-out, procedures in various phases and discuss concerns, challenges and effect on our workforce and workplan. Methodology: We reviewed the patterns, uptake of vaccine, procedures and problems faced by our vaccination centres from January 15 till April 30 (4 months). We also looked into adverse events following immunization (AEFI) reported. th th Results: Over 68,000 vaccine doses have been administrated in Cooper alone by April end, and issues were analysed in detail with special reference to logistics & challenges. AEFI were very few. We found that initially anxiety about side effects, concerns about choice of vaccine and long-term effects were the major impediments to vaccination. Later on, the demand exceeded the supply. Conclusion: Although vaccination is not the nal answer, it is an important tool to improve our response to the pandemic. Reviewing, restructuring available resources is essential in pandemic situations. Proper planning, counselling and choice in the way forward in this crisis.

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Short- and long-term effects of the Herbst appliance on temporomandibular joint function

Seminars in Orthodontics ◽

10.1053/sodo.2003.34027 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 74-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sabine Ruf

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Joint Function ◽

Herbst Appliance ◽

Short And Long Term

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Short- and long-term effects of low-dose prenatal X-irradiation in mouse cerebral cortex, with special reference to neuronal migration

Acta Neuropathologica ◽

10.1007/s004010050638 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 93 (5) ◽

pp. 443-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

S. Fushiki ◽

Yasuko Hyodo-Taguchi ◽

Chikako Kinoshita ◽

Yuji Ishikawa ◽

Tomohisa Hirobe

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Special Reference ◽

Neuronal Migration ◽

Low Dose ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Mouse Cerebral Cortex ◽

X Irradiation ◽

Short And Long Term

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Long-term Effects of the Herbst Appliance on the Dental Arches and Arch Relationships: A Biometric Study

British Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1179/bjo.22.2.123 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 123-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ken Hansen ◽

Pannamas Iemamnueisuk ◽

Hans Pancherz

Keyword(s):

Growth Period ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Herbst Appliance ◽

Mandibular Arch ◽

Division 1 ◽

The Mean ◽

Upper Molar

The purpose of this study was to evaluate biometrically the treatment and post-treatment effects of the Herbst appliance on the dental arches and arch relationships. The sample consisted of 53 Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients (33 boys and 20 girls) treated with the Herbst appliance. The mean age of the patients before treatment was 12·5 years (SD = 1·2 years). Dental casts were analysed before treatment, after treatment, 6 months post-treatment and at the end of the growth period (5–10 years post-treatment). The following variables were assessed: sagittal molar and canine relationships, overjet, overbite, maxillary and mandibular arch perimeters, and inter-molar and inter-canine dental arch widths. During treatment, the overjet, overbite, and sagittal molar relationship were overcorrected in most of the cases, while the sagittal canine relationship was normalized. The maxillary and mandibular arch perimeters increased during treatment, as did dental arch widths (moral and canine). In the long-term (mean = 6·7 years after treatment), Herbst appliance treatment resulted in a normal or over-corrected sagittal molar relationship in 79 per cent and a normal canine relationship in 68 per cent of the cases. Eighty-three per cent of the subjects has an overjet of 4·5 mm or less. In the long-term, the arch perimeters seemed to follow a normal dental development pattern. The increase of the upper molar and canine dental arch widths during treatment remained virtually stable whilst the lower intermolar arch widths seemed unaffected by treatment.

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Long-term effects of the Herbst appliance in relation to the treatment growth period: a cephalometric study

European Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1093/ejo/13.6.471 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 471-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

K. Hansen ◽

H. Pancherz ◽

U. Hagg

Keyword(s):

Growth Period ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Herbst Appliance ◽

Cephalometric Study

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Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080717 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 658-659

Author(s):

T. M. Seed ◽

M. H. Sanderson ◽

D. L. Gutzeit ◽

T. E. Fritz ◽

D. V. Tolle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Low Dose ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Ovarian Dysfunction ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Ovarian Pathology ◽

Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

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Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100159412 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 374-375

Author(s):

D.E. Loudy ◽

J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽

J.T. Yarrington ◽

F.Y. Thompson ◽

J.P. Gibson

Keyword(s):

Antidepressant Drug ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Induced Aggregation ◽

Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

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