Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Download Full-text

Dose Responses for Chromosome Aberrations Produced in Noncycling Primary Human Fibroblasts by Alpha Particles, and by Gamma Rays Delivered at Sublimiting Low Dose Rates

Radiation Research ◽

10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0043:drfcap]2.0.co;2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 158 (1) ◽

pp. 43-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Michael N. Cornforth ◽

Susan M. Bailey ◽

Edwin H. Goodwin

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Chromosome Aberrations ◽

Low Dose ◽

Human Fibroblasts ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Dose Rates ◽

Dose Responses

Download Full-text

Long-term effects of simulated microgravity and/or chronic exposure to low-dose gamma radiation on behavior and blood–brain barrier integrity

npj Microgravity ◽

10.1038/npjmgrav.2016.19 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

John A Bellone ◽

Peter S Gifford ◽

Nina C Nishiyama ◽

Richard E Hartman ◽

Xiao Wen Mao

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Chronic Exposure ◽

Low Dose ◽

Simulated Microgravity ◽

Brain Barrier ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Barrier Integrity ◽

Blood Brain Barrier Integrity

Download Full-text

First Insights into the Effect of Low-Dose X-Ray Irradiation in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20236075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 6075 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Annemarie Schröder ◽

Stephan Kriesen ◽

Guido Hildebrandt ◽

Katrin Manda

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Low Dose ◽

Dose Range ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Low Dose Radiation ◽

Term Survival ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Dose Radiation

(1) Background: Emerging interest of physicians to use adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for regenerative therapies and the fact that low-dose irradiation (LD-IR ≤ 0.1 Gy) has been reported to enhance the proliferation of several human normal and bone-marrow stem cells, but not that of tumor cells, lead to the idea of improving stem cell therapies via low-dose radiation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate unwanted side effects, as well as proliferation-stimulating mechanisms of LD-IR on ADSCs. (2) Methods: To avoid donor specific effects, ADSCs isolated from mamma reductions of 10 donors were pooled and used for the radiobiological analysis. The clonogenic survival assay was used to classify the long-term effects of low-dose radiation in ADSCs. Afterwards, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, as well as the effect of irradiation on proliferation of ADSCs were investigated. (3) Results: LD (≤ 0.1 Gy) of ionizing radiation promoted the proliferation and survival of ADSCs. Within this dose range neither geno- nor cytotoxic effects were detectable. In contrast, greater doses within the dose range of >0.1–2.0 Gy induced residual double-strand breaks and reduced the long-term survival, as well as the proliferation rate of ADSCs. (4) Conclusions: Our data suggest that ADSCs are resistant to LD-IR. Furthermore, LD-IR could be a possible mediator to improve approaches of stem cells in the field of regenerative medicine.

Download Full-text