The Women's Hospital: the birth of the first gender hospital in Italy
Abstract Issue Many diseases show differences in incidence, symptoms, and severity between men and women, combined with a different response to therapies. There are some international experiences of health policies about Gender Medicine, but the practical realizations are few and, for the female sex, usually focused only on fertile age. Description of the problem A Milan hospital (ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco) decided to dedicate one of its sites, with gynecological and pediatric vocation but also with an Internal Medicine Unit in within, entirely to women's health. The focus of this site is a holistic approach to women's health needs, both physiologic and pathologic. Realized without additional institutional funds, this project was designed between June and October 2019, started in December 2019 and is still ongoing. Results One of the first actions taken was to admit only women in the Internal Medicine Unit. The Unit is now entirely focused on dealing with most frequent female pathologies, in particular on autoimmune, vascular, endocrinology and nephrology conditions. The Mental Health Unit, already specialized in supporting pregnancy and new mothers, is going to activate a “Mother-Baby Unit” to support potential hospitalization issues. Among its major aims, the Occupational Medicine Unit supports female workers in managing maternity leave. New outpatient clinical paths have been planned to strengthen key moments of women's life: developmental age, fertile age, menopause, and senescence. Based on multi-professional teams, these programs are targeted toward age-specific needs and combine knowledge of disease epidemiology with sociological needs. To better face emerging issues, a path is activated for each area every month. Conclusions The birth of the first Italian hospital entirely dedicated to Gender Medicine allows care of women's health on a holistic perspective. This is, indeed, a key step in the general appraisal of Gender Medicine at the national and international levels. Key messages A gender hospital with a holistic approach to women’s health needs, both physiologic and pathologic, was borne in Milan. Integrated clinical paths have been activated to assist women in the key moments of their life (developmental age, fertile age, menopause, and senescence).
