Geographical Information System for Health Impact Assessment and urban planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Smida ◽  
J Loosova
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Health Determinants

Abstract The use of methods of geographic information systems and cartography is common in the processes of spatial planning and Health Impact Assessment. As part of the research team of the Technical University of Liberec (Czech Republic) and in cooperation with the Liberec City Hall and the Regional Hygiene Authority of the Liberec Region, we propose a procedure for the implementation of HIA in spatial planning. The project aims to propose and verify the methodological procedure of comprehensive assessment of health determinants in the area following the method of HIA in the territory of Liberec and the municipalities of the Liberec region. The main area of research and the applicability of results is in spatial and urban planning and public health protection, where the methodology will contribute to the identification of the main impacts on the health of the population, health inequalities and the proposed measures to eliminate or reduce negative or strengthen positive impacts. Multicriterial analysis with outputs in GIS will be used to define impacts. Project activities: the design of the concept of the data model, data analysis, evaluation of the methodology and proposal of measures supporting health. The project includes the design of the concept and logical structure of the data model of health determinants. This is the basis for multicriterial analyzes of health determinants. Its proposal will use methods of health impact assessment (HIA, especially scoping) and qualitative research methods. GIScience and geoinformatics methods will be used to solve the model structure. Last but not least, the methodology for analytical processing is elaborated: the activity will focus on the design and testing of multi-criteria analysis of health determinants. Key messages Geographic information systems enable efficient creation, analysis and communication of data model of health determinants. Spatial planning is a concrete tool for the implementation of health impact assessment objectives into practice.

scholarly journals Aplicación de los sistemas de información geográfica en el ordenamiento territorial [Application of geographic information systems on urban planning]

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fernando Castellanos Barrero
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Planning Culture ◽  
Sistemas De Informacion

Resumen El ordenamiento territorial como disciplina ha venido aplicándose alrededor del mundo desde hace ya mucho tiempo; evidentemente sus procesos se han optimizado, y han evolucionado no solo técnica sino conceptualmente. Sin embargo, la velocidad a la que crecen actualmente las ciudades genera una brecha cada vez mayor con los procesos de planificación, que difícilmente pueden producir políticas o acciones urbanísticas que lleguen a tiempo a los territorios.La aparición en escena de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica ha ofrecido una nueva variedad de métodos y herramientas que en concordancia con los acelerados procesos de desarrollo urbano, han fortalecido la cultura de la planeación en la reducción de sus tiempos de análisis, la adquisición de datos y fundamentalmente en la toma de decisiones. En ese sentido, este artículo plantea la aplicabilidad de los SIG en el Ordenamiento Territorial, con base en la profunda relación existente entre los componentes básicos del primero y las metodologías de trabajo del segundo, y mediante ejemplos de algunas de las aplicaciones prácticas que se le pueden dar a esta nueva tecnología en el ámbito del urbanismo. Palabras ClavePlanificación urbana, Urbanismo, Relaciones Espaciales, Territorio. Abstract Urban planning as a discipline has been used around the world since long time ago; obviously it´s processes have improved and it has evolved not only technically but conceptually. However, the accelerated growth process of the cities is producing an every time bigger breach with the planning processes, that hardly produce on time policies or urban actions to apply on the territories. The appearance of the Geographic Information Systems has offered a new variety of methods and tools that according with the strong urban growth, has helped to improve the planning culture reducing the duration of its analyzing processes, the data acquisition, and mainly the decision making. In that order, this paper set up some of the application methods of GIS in Urban Planning, based on the deep relation that exist between the basic components of the first and the work methodologies of the second one, and using examples about some of the practical uses that may have this new technology at the urbanism field.KeywordsUrban Planning, Urbanism, Spatial Relations, Territory.

scholarly journals Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Urban Planning

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sonila Xhafa ◽  
Albana Kosovrasti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Centers

Geographic information systems can be defined as a intelligent tool, to which it relates techniques for the implementation of processes such as the introduction, recording, storage, handling, processing and generation of spatial data. Use of GIS in urban planning helps and guides planners for an orderly development of settlements and infrastructure facilities within and outside urban areas. Continued growth of the population in urban centers generates the need for expansion of urban space, for its planning in terms of physical and social infrastructures in the service of the community, based on the principles of sustainable development. In addition urbanization is accompanied with numerous structural transformations and functional cities, which should be evaluated in spatial context, to be managed and planned according to the principles of sustainable development. Urban planning connects directly with land use and design of the urban environment, including physical and social infrastructure in service of the urban community, constituting a challenge to global levels. Use of GIS in this field is a different approach regarding the space, its development and design, analysis and modeling of various processes occurring in it, as well as interconnections between these processes or developments in space.

scholarly journals Health impact assessment: what it takes, what it can and cannot deliver

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Martuzzi ◽  
J Nowacki
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Political Environments

Abstract WHO, along with other health agencies, has been long promoting intersectoral action between health and all sectors of society, so as to address major, “upstream” determinants of health. Sectors as environment, transport, energy, agriculture etc, influence countless, powerful such determinants, mostly out of reach for the health sector; health-friendly (or at least health-minded) decisions on those determinants can result in a strong leverage for health advocates to achieve primary prevention. This undertaking requires: the establishment of a common language to be used with other sectors; the recognition of the complex web of causation between health determinants and health outcomes; commitment to working with a broad model of health combined with a preparedness to prioritise where necessary; a sound comprehension of the reality of decision making in different political environments; realistic expectations on what can and cannot be achieved through cross-sectoral dialogue; willingness to listen to stakeholders; constant attention towards health equity. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is an established approach towards these goals. HIA describes a broad range of methods and tools, building on different disciplines and expertise. HIA aims at estimating and predicting consequences and impacts of proposed policies and plans, with the ultimate goal of influencing decisions, making them more health friendly, equitable, legitimate and sustainable. The practice of HIA has been evolving in the last 20 years. Many years of application have been instrumental in identifying strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats in different settings. HIA has delivered handsomely in some countries or regions, while it struggles to become established in others. A continued critical evaluation of successes and failures remain important to make further progress in this domain. In this presentation, WHO will present recent progress and open questions on the practice of HIA in Europe.

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