scholarly journals Application of a random walk model to geographic distributions of animal mitochondrial DNA variation.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Neigel ◽  
J C Avise
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Lineage Structure

Abstract In rapidly evolving molecules, such as animal mitochondrial DNA, mutations that delineate specific lineages may not be dispersed at sufficient rates to attain an equilibrium between genetic drift and gene flow. Here we predict conditions that lead to nonequilibrium geographic distributions of mtDNA lineages, test the robustness of these predictions and examine mtDNA data sets for consistency with our model. Under a simple isolation by distance model, the variance of an mtDNA lineage's geographic distribution is expected be proportional to its age. Simulation results indicated that this relationship is fairly robust. Analysis of mtDNA data from natural populations revealed three qualitative distributional patterns: (1) significant departure of lineage structure from equilibrium geographic distributions, a pattern exhibited in three rodent species with limited dispersal; (2) nonsignificant departure from equilibrium expectations, exhibited by two avian and two marine fish species with potentials for relatively long-distance dispersal; and (3) a progression from nonequilibrium distributions for younger lineages to equilibrium distributions for older lineages, a condition displayed by one surveyed avian species. These results demonstrate the advantages of considering mutation and genealogy in the interpretation of mtDNA geographic variation.

scholarly journals Phylogeography of the California Thrasher (Toxostoma Redivivum) Based on Nested-Clade Analysis of Mitochondrial-DNA Variation

The Auk ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-361
Author(s):  
Erik A. Sgariglia ◽  
Kevin J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Nested Clade Analysis ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Past Fragmentation ◽  
Intraspecific Relationships ◽  
Geologic Data

Abstract Distribution of genealogical lineages within a species is likely the result of a complicated series of ecological and historical events. Nested-clade analysis is specifically designed as an objective phylogeographic approach for inferring evolutionary processes on a spatial and temporal scale for small subclades within a larger set of intraspecific relationships. Here, we use nested-clade analysis as well as other phylogeographic methods to investigate the evolutionary history of California Thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum) populations. Inferences resulting from nested clade analysis suggest a history that includes past fragmentation, range expansion, and isolation-by-distance. Along with root information, those inferences enable the construction of a biogeographic scenario for this species involving general southern ancestry, an early north–south division, northward range expansion, and a southward back-expansion into an already populated southern region. Isolation-by-distance is also identified, particularly in southern California, indicating that gene flow between localities does occur but is restricted. Many conclusions drawn from this study are concordant with geologic data as well as phylogeographic scenarios drawn for other codistributed California taxa.

Allozyme Evidence of Genetic Differentiation Between Populations of Hediste Diversicolor (Polychaeta: Nereididae) from the Western Mediterranean

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abbiati ◽  
F. Maltagliati
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Allozyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Hediste Diversicolor ◽  
Dispersal Capacity ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Limited Dispersal

The occurrence of genetic differentiation among western Mediterranean Hediste diversicolor (Polychaeta: Nereididae) populations was assessed by allozyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. Seventeen loci were analysed in four populations. The level of the genetic variability was markedly low (mean HL range: 0.014–0.034), but comparable to that of other brackish water nereidids. The values of Nei genetic distance index (D) confirm the existence of genetic differentiation between the geographically isolated populations at Venice, Elba, Navicelli and Serchio D range: 0.128–0.356). However, the two samples from Serchio and Navicelli, ~15 km apart, were not genetically different (D=0·00005). The level of genetic differentiation in H. diversicolor populations followed the isolation-by-distance model. Reduced gene flow among H. diversicolor populations may be explained by its limited dispersal capacity and the eco-physiological barriers that occur between different brackish habitats.

Mitochondrial DNA variation in natural populations of the mushroomAgaricus bisporus

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIANPING XU ◽  
RICHARD W. KERRIGAN ◽  
ANTON S. SONNENBERG ◽  
PHILIPPE CALLAC ◽  
PAUL A. HORGEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dna Variation

scholarly journals Thermal adaptation and clinal mitochondrial DNA variation of European anchovy

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1792) ◽  
pp. 20141093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Silva ◽  
Fernando P. Lima ◽  
Paulo Martel ◽  
Rita Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
European Anchovy

Natural populations of widely distributed organisms often exhibit genetic clinal variation over their geographical ranges. The European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus , illustrates this by displaying a two-clade mitochondrial structure clinally arranged along the eastern Atlantic. One clade has low frequencies at higher latitudes, whereas the other has an anti-tropical distribution, with frequencies decreasing towards the tropics. The distribution pattern of these clades has been explained as a consequence of secondary contact after an ancient geographical isolation. However, it is not unlikely that selection acts on mitochondria whose genes are involved in relevant oxidative phosphorylation processes. In this study, we performed selection tests on a fragment of 1044 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene using 455 individuals from 18 locations. We also tested correlations of six environmental features: temperature, salinity, apparent oxygen utilization and nutrient concentrations of phosphate, nitrate and silicate, on a compilation of mitochondrial clade frequencies from 66 sampling sites comprising 2776 specimens from previously published studies. Positive selection in a single codon was detected predominantly (99%) in the anti-tropical clade and temperature was the most relevant environmental predictor, contributing with 59% of the variance in the geographical distribution of clade frequencies. These findings strongly suggest that temperature is shaping the contemporary distribution of mitochondrial DNA clade frequencies in the European anchovy.

scholarly journals Integrating three comprehensive data sets shows that mitochondrial DNA variation is linked to species traits and paleogeographic events in European butterflies

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1623-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Dapporto ◽  
Alessandro Cini ◽  
Raluca Vodă ◽  
Vlad Dincă ◽  
Martin Wiemers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Comprehensive Data

Mitochondrial DNA variation in natural populations of endangered Indian Feather-Back Fish, Chitala chitala

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 1765-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Mandal ◽  
Vindhya Mohindra ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Singh ◽  
Peyush Punia ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Chitala Chitala

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism, Sex Ratio Distorters and Population Genetics in the Isopod Armadillidium vulgare

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 1669-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Rigaud ◽  
Didier Bouchon ◽  
Catherine Souty-Grosset ◽  
Roland Raimond
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Armadillidium Vulgare ◽  
Infection Event ◽  
Mtdna Polymorphism

Abstract Two maternally inherited sex ratio distorters (SRD) impose female-biased sex ratios on the wood louse Armadillidium vulgare by feminizing putative males. These SRD are (i) an intracytoplasmic bacterium of the genus Wolbachia, and (ii) another non-Mendelian element of unknown nature: the f element. Mitochondrial DNA variation was investigated in A. vulgare field populations to trace the evolution of host-SRD relationships and to investigate the effect of SRD on host cytoplasmic polymorphism. The Wolbachia endosymbionts showed no polymorphism in their ITS2 sequence and were associated with two closely related mitochondrial types. This situation probably reflects a single infection event followed by a slight differentiation of mitochondria. There was no association between the f element and a given mitochondrial type, which may confirm the fact that this element can be partially paternally transmitted. The spreading of a maternally inherited SRD in a population should reduce the mitochondrial diversity by a hitchhiking process. In A. vulgare, however, a within-population mtDNA polymorphism was often found, because of the deficient spread of Wolbachia and the partial paternal inheritance of the f element. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that A. vulgare populations are genetically structured, but without isolation by distance.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of Octopus vulgaris around the Iberian Peninsula and Canary Islands as indicated by microsatellite DNA variation

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cabranes ◽  
P. Fernandez-Rueda ◽  
J. L. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Octopus Vulgaris ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Conservation Genetic ◽  
Distance Model

Abstract Cabranes, C., Fernandez-Rueda, P., and Martínez, J. L. 2008. Genetic structure of Octopus vulgaris around the Iberian Peninsula and Canary Islands as indicated by microsatellite DNA variation. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 12–16. Microsatellite DNA markers were used for a genetic study of Octopus vulgaris, a cephalopod species of great commercial interest to Spain and Portugal, and therefore subjected to intensive fishing. Improving the demographic knowledge of marine resources supports more-responsible management and conservation. Genetic variation at five microsatellite loci screened in six samples from NE Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian Peninsula was high [mean number of alleles = 18.3, mean He = 0.874]. Analysis of the microsatellites allowed significant subpopulation structure to be identified, consistent with an isolation-by-distance model for Atlantic populations. Differences between pairs of samples separated by <200 km were not significant. From a fisheries management perspective, the results support coordinated management of neighbouring stocks of O. vulgaris around the Iberian Peninsula.

Genetic studies of the Hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata: evidence for multiple stocks in Australian waters

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Broderick ◽  
C. Moritz ◽  
J. D. Miller ◽  
M. Guinea ◽  
R. I. T. Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Eretmochelys Imbricata ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dna Types

The hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, is endangered and currently declining in many parts of its global distribution. Efforts to manage the species are hampered by the lack of knowledge of the appropriate geographic units of management and the relationship among breeding populations and feeding assemblages. The Australian populations are among the few remaining large assemblages in the world, but may be under threat from harvesting in neighbouring countries. We use patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation to determine the geographic scale of breeding populations and to compare the genetic composition of turtles in feeding populations to those nesting at nearby major rookeries. Four of the major Australian rookeries were sampled, two on the western coast and two in northeastern Australia, as were turtles at two foraging sites. Significant differences in the frequency of two divergent mitochondrial DNA types separated the turtles nesting at major rookeries sampled on the northeastern versus western coasts of Australia, demonstrating that these populations are not connected by significant amounts of gene flow and should be considered as separate entities for management. There was no significant difference between the turtles nesting at two western rookeries 100 km apart, nor between those using the two northeastern rookeries separated by 750 km. This indicates that the size of the interbreeding unit for the hawksbill turtle is likely to be a region consisting of a group of islands rather than an individual island. Feeding populations were screened with a gene amplification test that discriminates between the two major DNA types. In each case, there was a significant difference in allele frequency between feeding populations and the nearest major rookery. This, together with previous reports of long distance migrations from tag returns, suggests that individual foraging areas support hawksbill turtles from distant breeding populations.

Mitochondrial DNA variation in the grasshopper Sinipta dalmani: application of long-PCR to the development of a homologous probe

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Pensel ◽  
J C Vilardi ◽  
M I Remis
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Chromosome Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Long Pcr ◽  
Complete Mtdna

RFLP analysis of mtDNA in natural populations is a valuable tool for phylogeographic and population genetic studies. The amplification of long DNA fragments using universal primers may contribute to the development of novel homologous probes in species for which no previous genomic information is available. Here we report how we obtained the complete mtDNA genome of Sinipta dalmani (Orthoptera) in 2 fragments (7 and 9 kb) using primers of conserved regions. The specificity of the PCR reactions was ultimately confirmed by several lines of evidence. These fragments were used as a probe for a mtDNA RFLP study in S. dalmani that analyzed the pattern of haplotype distribution and nucleotide diversity within and among chromosomally differentiated natural populations. Our results suggest that the restriction in gene flow detected at the molecular level may explain the chromosome differentiation detected previously and the maintenance of chromosome polymorphism in some areas of S. dalmani geographic distribution.Key words: long-PCR, mitochondrial DNA, universal primers, RFLP, grasshopper.

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