Self-Paced Resistance Training and Walking Exercise in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Effects on Neuromotor Performance

Older adults’ physical activity (PA) is low. We examined whether eight months of resistance training increased PA level in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. A two-armed cluster-randomized trial using parallel groups was conducted. The included participants were >70 years and received home care. The resistance training group performed resistance training using body weight, elastic bands, and water canes twice per week for eight months. The control group was informed about the national PA guidelines and received motivational talks. The ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to estimate PA. Outcomes included total PA (counts per minute), sedentary behavior (min/day), light PA (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous PA (min/day), and steps (mean/day). Between-group differences were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. Twelve clusters were randomized to either resistance training (7 clusters, 60 participants) or the control group (5 clusters, 44 participants). A total of 101 participants (median age 86.0 (interquartile range 80–90) years) had valid accelerometer data and were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for any of the PA outcomes after four or eight months. This study offers no evidence of increased PA level following resistance training in older adults with home care.

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Dose-and gender-specific effects of resistance training on circulating levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in community-dwelling older adults

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 144-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Louis Nuvagah Forti ◽

Evelien Van Roie ◽

Rose Njemini ◽

Walter Coudyzer ◽

Ingo Beyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Specific Effects ◽

And Gender ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Gender Specific ◽

Circulating Levels

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EFFECTS OF A RESISTANCE TRAINING AND DIETARY INTERVENTION ON BODY COMPOSITION IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

10.23860/thesis-dorfman-leah-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Leah Dorfman

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Resistance training improves mobility disability in community-dwelling older adults: a meta-analysis

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.3253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 904-904

Author(s):

Christina Prevett ◽

Kevin Moncion ◽

Stuart Phillips ◽

Julie Richardson ◽

Ada Tang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Physical Function ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mobility Disability ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Walking Capacity ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Mobility disability is the impairment in function that affects the performance of daily tasks due to declines in physical function. Exercise interventions, particular resistance training, may have a positive impact on mobility disability, but the evidence for the effects of resistance training in older adults with mobility disability has not been previously systematically reviewed. This study was a systematic review of evidence related to resistance training on physical function for adults over 65 years of age with mobility disability. Four databases (PEDro, MedLine, Ovid, Web of Science) were searched from inception to February 2, 2021 for randomized controlled trials. Twenty-four articles from 22 studies (3,656 participants) were included in the review. Mean participant age ranged from 63-87 years and exercise interventions ranged from 10 weeks to 12 months in duration. Greater changes in 6-minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance (n=638, p<0.0001; mean difference (MD) 16.1 metres; 95%CI 12.3-19.9), lower extremity strength (n=785, p<0.0001; standard MD 2.01; 95%CI 1.27-2.75) and usual gait speed (n=2,106, p<0.001; MD 0.05 metres/second, 95%CI 0.03-0.07) were seen with resistance training as compared to control. These results were maintained if resistance training was a sole intervention or a component of a multi-component program. Sensitivity analysis based on risk of bias concerns did not change results. This review demonstrates that resistance training improves walking capacity, strength and walking speed in community-dwelling older adults and may facilitate aging in place. Since improvements in strength and gait speed contribute to independence, our results indicate highly beneficial outcomes for older persons.

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Effectiveness of a resistance training program on physical function, muscle strength, and body composition in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s11556-020-00243-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hilde Bremseth Bårdstu ◽

Vidar Andersen ◽

Marius Steiro Fimland ◽

Lene Aasdahl ◽

Truls Raastad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Home Care ◽

Physical Function ◽

Low Cost ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cluster Randomized ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Aging is associated with reduced muscle mass and strength leading to impaired physical function. Resistance training programs incorporated into older adults’ real-life settings may have the potential to counteract these changes. We evaluated the effectiveness of 8 months resistance training using easily available, low cost equipment compared to physical activity counselling on physical function, muscle strength, and body composition in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. Methods This open label, two-armed, parallel group, cluster randomized trial recruited older adults above 70 years (median age 86.0 (Interquartile range 80–90) years) receiving home care. Participants were randomized at cluster level to the resistance training group (RTG) or the control group (CG). The RTG trained twice a week while the CG were informed about the national recommendations for physical activity and received a motivational talk every 6th week. Outcomes were assessed at participant level at baseline, after four, and 8 months and included tests of physical function (chair rise, 8 ft-up-and-go, preferred- and maximal gait speed, and stair climb), maximal strength, rate of force development, and body composition. Results Twelve clusters were allocated to RTG (7 clusters, 60 participants) or CG (5 clusters, 44 participants). The number of participants analyzed was 56–64 (6–7 clusters) in RTG and 20–42 (5 clusters) in CG. After 8 months, multilevel linear mixed models showed that RTG improved in all tests of physical function and maximal leg strength (9–24%, p = 0.01–0.03) compared to CG. No effects were seen for rate of force development or body composition. Conclusion This study show that resistance training using easily available, low cost equipment is more effective than physical activity counselling for improving physical function and maximal strength in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. Trial registration ISRCTN1067873

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Chronic Fish Oil Consumption with Resistance Training Improves Grip Strength, Physical Function, and Blood Pressure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7070167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sang-Rok Lee ◽

Edward Jo ◽

Andy V. Khamoui

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Physical Function ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Fish oil (FO) has received great attention for its health-enhancing properties. However, its potential synergistic effects with resistance training (RT) are not well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FO supplementation during 12-weeks of RT on handgrip strength, physical function, and blood pressure (BP) in community-dwelling older adults. Twenty-eight healthy older adults (10 males, 18 females; 66.5 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: Control (CON), resistance training (RT), resistance training with FO (RTFO). Handgrip strength, physical function [five times sit-to-stand (5T-STS), timed up and go (TUG), 6-m walk (6MW), 30-s sit-to-stand (30S-STS)], and BP were measured pre- and post-intervention. ANOVA was used with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Handgrip strength significantly increased in RT (+5.3%) and RTFO (+9.4%) but decreased in CON (−3.9%). All physical function outcomes increased in RT and RTFO. CON exhibited significantly decreased TUG and 30S-STS with no change in 5T-STS and 6MW. BP substantially decreased only in RTFO, systolic blood pressure (−7.8 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (−4.5 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (−5.6 mmHg), while no change was found in CON and RT. Chronic RT enhanced strength and physical function, while FO consumption combined with RT improved BP in community-dwelling older adults.

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