Failing to Complain: Do Nursing Homes with more Residents with Dementia have Fewer Complaints?

Abstract The majority of nursing home (NH) residents have Alzheimer’s Disease or Related Dementias (ADRD). However, the association of ADRD prevalence and NH quality is unclear. The objective of the current study is to understand the association of NH characteristics, including the proportion of ADRD residents, with the prevalence of NH complaints as an indicator of quality of care and quality of life. We merged data from the ASPEN Complaints/Incident Tracking System with national NH data from the Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reports, the Minimum Data Set, the Area Health Resource File, and zip-code level rural-urban codes in 2017. Three groups of NHs were created, including those whose proportion of residents with ADRD was in the top decile (i.e., high-dementia NHs (N=1,473)) and those whose proportion of ADRD residents was in the lowest decile (i.e., low-dementia NHs (N=1,524)). Bivariate results revealed high-ADRD NHs had higher percentages of Medicaid-paying residents, were less likely to be for-profit and chain-affiliated, had lower staffing hours and lower percentages of Black, Hispanic, and Asian residents. Using NHs in the middle deciles as reference, negative binomial regression models showed that having a low proportion of ADRD residents was significantly associated with higher numbers of total complaints (p<.001) and substantiated complaints (p<.001), whereas having a high proportion of ADRD residents was significantly associated with lower numbers of substantiated complaints (p=.001). The findings suggest the proportion of residents with ADRD in NHs is associated with quality, as measured by complaints. Policy implications of these findings will be discussed.

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What Do We Know About Changing Economic Activity of Firms?

Studies in Microeconomics ◽

10.1177/2321022218869790 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 232102221886979

Author(s):

Radhika Pandey ◽

Amey Sapre ◽

Pramod Sinha

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Regression Models ◽

Statistical Approach ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Large Data ◽

Poisson Model ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Data Set ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

History Of

Identification of primary economic activity of firms is a prerequisite for compiling several macro aggregates. In this paper, we take a statistical approach to understand the extent of changes in primary economic activity of firms over time and across different industries. We use the history of economic activity of over 46,000 firms spread over 25 years from CMIE Prowess to identify the number of times firms change the nature of their business. Using the count of changes, we estimate Poisson and Negative Binomial regression models to gain predictability over changing economic activity across industry groups. We show that a Poisson model accurately characterizes the distribution of count of changes across industries and that firms with a long history are more likely to have changed their primary economic activity over the years. Findings show that classification can be a crucial problem in a large data set like the MCA21 and can even lead to distortions in value addition estimates at the industry level. JEL Classifications: D22, E00, E01

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Customer reactions to a webshop’s service quality

Empirica ◽

10.1007/s10663-019-09453-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 699-731

Author(s):

Franz Hackl ◽

Rudolf Winter-Ebmer

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Data Set ◽

Product Categories ◽

Service Characteristics ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Quality Aspects ◽

Quality Dimensions ◽

The Impact

Abstract E-commerce has become an integral part of the world’s economy. In this study we investigate the impact of service quality in e-tailing on site visits and consumer demand. Such an analysis is important given the almost Bertrand-like competitive structure. Our analysis is based on a large representative data set obtained from a price comparison site covering essentially the complete Austrian e-tailing market. Customer evaluations for a broad range of 15 different service characteristics are condensed using factor analysis. Negative binomial regression analysis is used to measure the impact of service quality dimensions on referral requests to online shops for different product categories. Our results show that the most important service quality aspects are those related to the ordering process and the firm’s website performance.

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Beyond direct relationships

Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management ◽

10.1108/jmtm-01-2019-0006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 392-412

Author(s):

Dong-Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Resource Dependence ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Resource Dependence Theory ◽

Content Type ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Holistic Understanding ◽

Technology Industries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supplier dependence is related to innovation in supplier firms. Drawing on resource dependence theory, the authors hypothesized that supplier dependence has both positive and negative relationships to the quantity and quality of innovation. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on data collected from US companies. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to test the proposed hypothesis. Findings The authors found that the quantity of innovation of a supplier firm initially decreased and then increased with the extent of the dependence upon major customers. This finding supports the idea that the benefits of supplier dependence mitigate the negative outcomes of dependence upon major customers. Originality/value This study extends the literature on supplier dependence by empirically examining the relationship between supplier dependence and the quantity and quality of innovation within the context of high-technology industries. The authors provide a holistic understanding of the value of the dependent relationship in boosting innovation in the context of supply chain management.

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Factors Associated with Victimization Experiences Among Juveniles Detained in a Chinese Correctional Facility: A Longitudinal Study

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/00938548211013564 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009385482110135

Author(s):

Xinting Wang ◽

Jihong Solomon Zhao ◽

Hongwei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Negative Binomial ◽

Institutional Environment ◽

Correctional Facility ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Policy Implications ◽

The Public ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Incarcerated Population ◽

Deprivation Model ◽

Victimization Research

Prison victimization constitutes a serious problem for organizations and individuals. It disrupts order in an institutional environment, and the experience of victimization can have a long-lasting psychological effect on incarcerated population, particularly juveniles. Relevant research suggests that the deprivation model and the importation model can help explain the occurrence of prison victimization. Using longitudinal data collected from a youth custodial facility in China, the current study examines factors that are believed to be predictors of prison victimization. Negative binomial regression, a commonly used tool for the analysis of prison victimization research using count data, is employed in the current study. The findings suggest that prior victimization experiences, reported record of violent delinquency, prison visitation, and demographics have significant impacts on in-prison victimization. The public policy implications of the findings are discussed at the end of the study.

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Driving Risk Assessment Using Near-Miss Events Based on Panel Poisson Regression and Panel Negative Binomial Regression

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e23070829 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 829

Author(s):

Shuai Sun ◽

Jun Bi ◽

Montserrat Guillen ◽

Ana M. Pérez-Marín

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Poisson Regression ◽

High Speed ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Near Miss ◽

Risk Scores ◽

Data Set ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Driving Risk

This study proposes a method for identifying and evaluating driving risk as a first step towards calculating premiums in the newly emerging context of usage-based insurance. Telematics data gathered by the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) contain a large number of near-miss events which can be regarded as an alternative for modeling claims or accidents for estimating a driving risk score for a particular vehicle and its driver. Poisson regression and negative binomial regression are applied to a summary data set of 182 vehicles with one record per vehicle and to a panel data set of daily vehicle data containing four near-miss events, i.e., counts of excess speed, high speed brake, harsh acceleration or deceleration and additional driving behavior parameters that do not result in accidents. Negative binomial regression (AICoverspeed = 997.0, BICoverspeed = 1022.7) is seen to perform better than Poisson regression (AICoverspeed = 7051.8, BICoverspeed = 7074.3). Vehicles are separately classified to five driving risk levels with a driving risk score computed from individual effects of the corresponding panel model. This study provides a research basis for actuarial insurance premium calculations, even if no accident information is available, and enables a precise supervision of dangerous driving behaviors based on driving risk scores.

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DOES DISPARITY IN INCOME AND CONSUMPTION EVER INCITE TERRORISM IN AFRICA?

World Affairs ◽

10.1177/00438200211035126 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004382002110351

Author(s):

Kazeem Bello Ajide ◽

Olorunfemi Yasiru Alimi

Keyword(s):

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Statistical Weight ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Domestic Terrorism ◽

Transnational Terrorism ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

The Impact

Does disparity in income and consumption incite terrorism in Africa? To answer this important question, we investigate the empirical linkages between inequality and terrorism by separately regressing income and consumption inequalities on four indicators of terrorism: domestic, transnational, unclear, and total over the period 1980–2012. Employing a negative binomial regression across a panel dataset covering 46 African economies, the following findings are established. First, both income and consumption inequalities have decreasing impacts on all terrorism measures—with the exception of uncertain terrorism (the impact of which is negligible). Second, both income and consumption inequalities exert more statistical influence on transnational terrorism than domestic terrorism. Third, income inequality exerts more statistical weight on terrorism measures than consumption inequality across the model specifications. Last, the non-trivial impact of confounding variables—such as the lagged value of terrorism, surface areas, and conflicts—are validated across the terrorism models. In line with these empirical outcomes, policy implications and suggestions for further studies are offered.

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Determinants of Transmission Risk During the Late Stage of the West African Ebola Epidemic

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/aje/kwz090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 188 (7) ◽

pp. 1319-1327

Author(s):

Alexis Robert ◽

W John Edmunds ◽

Conall H Watson ◽

Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo ◽

Pierre-Stéphane Gsell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Generation ◽

Negative Binomial ◽

Infected Individual ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

West African ◽

Transmission Risk ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Data Set ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Understanding risk factors for Ebola transmission is key for effective prediction and design of interventions. We used data on 860 cases in 129 chains of transmission from the latter half of the 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in Guinea. Using negative binomial regression, we determined characteristics associated with the number of secondary cases resulting from each infected individual. We found that attending an Ebola treatment unit was associated with a 38% decrease in secondary cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38, 0.99) among individuals that did not survive. Unsafe burial was associated with a higher number of secondary cases (IRR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.10, 3.02). The average number of secondary cases was higher for the first generation of a transmission chain (mean = 1.77) compared with subsequent generations (mean = 0.70). Children were least likely to transmit (IRR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.57) compared with adults, whereas older adults were associated with higher numbers of secondary cases. Men were less likely to transmit than women (IRR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.93). This detailed surveillance data set provided an invaluable insight into transmission routes and risks. Our analysis highlights the key role that age, receiving treatment, and safe burial played in the spread of EVD.

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Infrastructure and Operational Influences on Collisions Between Trams and Left-Turning Cars

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/2648-02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2648 (1) ◽

pp. 10-22

Author(s):

Christian M. Marti ◽

Ambra Toletti ◽

Seraina Tresch ◽

Ulrich Weidmann

Keyword(s):

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Information Criterion ◽

Research Approach ◽

Data Set ◽

Left Turn ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Traffic Volumes ◽

The Right ◽

Predictor Factors

This research identified infrastructural and operational factors that influenced the most common type of car–tram collision: cars making opposing turns in front of trams. Few studies have analyzed influences on car–tram collisions quantitatively, but none have explored predictor factors for opposing-turn crashes—a research gap addressed with this paper. The two largest Swiss tram networks, Basel and Zurich, were used for the analysis. A point-based research approach was chosen: all locations within a tram network at which a car could turn left (an opposing turn where traffic drives on the right) in front of a tram were identified. For each of these points, data on dependent and predictor variables were collected. This data set was analyzed with Poisson, negative binomial, and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models. The number of left-turning car–tram collisions was used as the dependent variable, while predictors were derived from a literature review; models were fitted by using all predictors and with forward variable selection by means of Akaike’s information criterion. Traffic volumes (cars and trams), tram speed, and dedicated left-turn lanes were found to be significantly associated with a higher frequency of car–tram collisions, whereas turning left to access a service rather than a road, left-turn restrictions, proximity to a tram stop, and perpendicular turning angles were significantly associated with a lower frequency of left-turning car–tram collisions. On the basis of these results, left turns across tramways should be restricted for cars. Remaining conflict points should be located close to tram stops, have limited tram speed, and feature perpendicular turning angles.

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Beyond Reassurance: The Reputational Effect of Cultural Reforms in Peace Agreements

Government and Opposition ◽

10.1017/gov.2021.62 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Giuditta Fontana ◽

Ilaria Masiero

Keyword(s):

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Data Set ◽

Peace Accord ◽

Leadership Challenges ◽

Civil Conflicts ◽

Good Friday ◽

Peace Agreements ◽

Binomial Regression ◽

Depth Analysis

Abstract We explore whether including cultural reforms in an intra-state peace accord facilitates its success. We distinguish between accommodationist and integrationist cultural provisions and employ a mixed research method combining negative binomial regression on a data set of all intra-state political agreements concluded between 1989 and 2017, and an in-depth analysis of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement for Northern Ireland. We recognize the important reassuring effect of accommodationist cultural reforms in separatist conflicts. However, we also find that they have an important and hitherto overlooked reputational effect across all conflict types. By enhancing the reputation of negotiating leaders, accommodationist cultural provisions contribute to ending violence by preventing leadership challenges, rebel fragmentation and remobilization across all civil conflicts. By the same logic, and despite the overwhelming emphasis of peace agreements on integrationist cultural initiatives, integrationist cultural reforms problematize leaders' ability to commit to pacts and to ensure compliance among their rank and file.

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