scholarly journals ERRORLESS TRAINING CHANGES VISUOMOTOR CONTROL IN REACHING UNDER VISUAL DEFICIENCY AMONG OLD ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 243-243
Author(s):  
M. Fan ◽  
T. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Visuomotor Control ◽  
Old Adults

Generation and Associative Encoding in Young and Old Adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Taconnat ◽  
Charlotte Froger ◽  
Mathilde Sacher ◽  
Michel Isingrini
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Generation Effect ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Target Words

Abstract. The generation effect (i.e., better recall of the generated items than the read items) was investigated with a between-list design in young and elderly participants. The generation task difficulty was manipulated by varying the strength of association between cues and targets. Overall, strong associates were better recalled than weak associates. However, the results showed different generation effect patterns according to strength of association and age, with a greater generation effect for weak associates in younger adults only. These findings suggest that generating weak associates leads to more elaborated encoding, but that elderly adults cannot use this elaborated encoding as well as younger adults to recall the target words at test.

Memory for news in young and old adults.

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Frieske ◽  
Denise C. Park
Keyword(s):  
Old Adults

scholarly journals Supraspinal fatigue impedes recovery from a low-intensity sustained contraction in old adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejin Yoon ◽  
Bonnie Schlinder-Delap ◽  
Manda L. Keller ◽  
Sandra K. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Motor Evoked Potential ◽  
Silent Period ◽  
Voluntary Activation ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Task Failure ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Sustained Contraction ◽  
Low Intensity

This study determined the contribution of supraspinal fatigue and contractile properties to the age difference in neuromuscular fatigue during and recovery from a low-intensity sustained contraction. Cortical stimulation was used to evoke measures of voluntary activation and muscle relaxation during and after a contraction sustained at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure with elbow flexor muscles in 14 young adults (20.9 ± 3.6 yr, 7 men) and 14 old adults (71.6 ± 5.4 yr, 7 men). Old adults exhibited a longer time to task failure than the young adults (23.8 ± 9.0 vs. 11.5 ± 3.9 min, respectively, P < 0.001). The time to failure was associated with initial peak rates of relaxation of muscle fibers and pressor response ( P < 0.05). Increments in torque (superimposed twitch; SIT) generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during brief MVCs, increased during the fatiguing contraction ( P < 0.001) and then decreased during recovery ( P = 0.02). The increase in the SIT was greater for the old adults than the young adults during the fatiguing contraction and recovery ( P < 0.05). Recovery of MVC torque was less for old than young adults at 10 min post-fatiguing contraction (75.1 ± 8.7 vs. 83.6 ± 7.8% of control MVC, respectively, P = 0.01) and was associated with the recovery of the SIT ( r = −0.59, r2 = 0.35, P < 0.001). Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude and the silent period elicited during the fatiguing contraction increased less for old adults than young adults ( P < 0.05). The greater fatigue resistance with age during a low-intensity sustained contraction was attributable to mechanisms located within the muscle. Recovery of maximal strength after the low-intensity fatiguing contraction however, was impeded more for old adults than young because of greater supraspinal fatigue. Recovery of strength could be an important variable to consider in exercise prescription of old populations.

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