visuomotor control
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2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bonnen ◽  
Jonathan S. Matthis ◽  
Agostino Gibaldi ◽  
Martin S. Banks ◽  
Dennis M. Levi ◽  
...  

AbstractCoordination between visual and motor processes is critical for the selection of stable footholds when walking in uneven terrains. While recent work (Matthis et al. in Curr Biol 8(28):1224–1233, 2018) demonstrates a tight link between gaze (visual) and gait (motor), it remains unclear which aspects of visual information play a role in this visuomotor control loop, and how the loss of this information affects that relationship. Here we examine the role of binocular information in the visuomotor control of walking over complex terrain. We recorded eye and body movements while normally-sighted participants walked over terrains of varying difficulty, with intact vision or with vision in one eye blurred to disrupt binocular vision. Gaze strategy was highly sensitive to the complexity of the terrain, with more fixations dedicated to foothold selection as the terrain became more difficult. The primary effect of increased sensory uncertainty due to disrupted binocular vision was a small bias in gaze towards closer footholds, indicating greater pressure on the visuomotor control process. Participants with binocular vision losses due to developmental disorders (i.e., amblyopia, strabismus), who have had the opportunity to develop alternative strategies, also biased their gaze towards closer footholds. Across all participants, we observed a relationship between an individual’s typical level of binocular visual function and the degree to which gaze is shifted toward the body. Thus the gaze–gait relationship is sensitive to the level of sensory uncertainty, and deficits in binocular visual function (whether transient or long-standing) have systematic effects on gaze strategy in complex terrains. We conclude that binocular vision provides useful information for locating footholds during locomotion. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that combined eye/body tracking in natural environments can be used to provide a more detailed understanding of the impact of a type of vision loss on the visuomotor control process of walking, a vital everyday task.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Ajay Mandlekar ◽  
Li Fei-Fei ◽  
Silvio Savarese ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoqi Yuan ◽  
Ruihai Wu ◽  
Andrew Zhao ◽  
Haipeng Zhang ◽  
Zihan Ding ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
E.J. Tehovnik ◽  
E. Froudarakis ◽  
F. Scala ◽  
S.M. Smirnakis ◽  
S.S. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Ciro Rosario Ilardi ◽  
Sergio Chieffi ◽  
Tina Iachini ◽  
Alessandro Iavarone

AbstractIn the present review, we discuss the rationale and the clinical implications of assessing visuospatial working memory (VSWM), awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). These three domains are related to neural activity in the posteromedial parietal cortex (PMC) whose hypoactivation seems to be a significant predictor of conversion from MCI to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as indicated by recent neuroimaging evidence. A systematic literature search was performed up to May 2021. Forty-eight studies were included: 42 studies provided analytical cross-sectional data and 6 studies longitudinal data on conversion rates. Overall, these studies showed that patients with MCI performed worse than healthy controls in tasks assessing VSWM, awareness of memory deficits, and visuomotor control; in some cases, MCI patients’ performance was comparable to that of patients with overt dementia. Deficits in VSWM and metamemory appear to be significant predictors of conversion. No study explored the relationship between visuomotor control and conversion. Nevertheless, it has been speculated that the assessment of visuomotor abilities in subjects at high AD risk might be useful to discriminate patients who are likely to convert from those who are not. Being able to indirectly estimate PMC functioning through quick and easy neuropsychological tasks in outpatient settings may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, and therefore, the quality of the MCI patient’s management.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Man Hung ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Yizhe Wu ◽  
Ioannis Havoutis ◽  
Ingmar Posner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Groth ◽  
Chia-Man Hung ◽  
Andrea Vedaldi ◽  
Ingmar Posner

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251371
Author(s):  
Woong Choi ◽  
Naoki Yanagihara ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Jaehyo Kim ◽  
Jongho Lee

The analysis of visually guided tracking movements is important to the understanding of imitation exercises and movements carried out using the human visuomotor control system. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of visuomotor control in the intermittent performance of circular tracking movements by applying a system that can differentiate between the conditions of invisible and visible orbits and visible and invisible target phases implemented in a 3D VR space. By applying visuomotor control based on velocity control, our study participants were able to track objects with visible orbits with a precision of approximately 1.25 times greater than they could track objects with invisible orbits. We confirmed that position information is an important parameter related to intermittent motion at low speeds (below 0.5 Hz) and that tracked target velocity information could be obtained more precisely than position information at speeds above 0.5 Hz. Our results revealed that the feedforward (FF) control corresponding to velocity was delayed under the visible-orbit condition at speeds over 0.5 Hz, suggesting that, in carrying out imitation exercises and movements, the use of visually presented 3D guides can interfere with exercise learning and, therefore, that the effects of their use should be carefully considered.


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