14. Investment

2021 ◽  
pp. 318-340
Author(s):  
Gary Watt
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
General Law ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
The Impact

Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. Part II of the Trustee Act 2000 gives every trustee the power to make any kind of investment as long as he is absolutely entitled to the assets of the trust, a power that permits trustees to hold investments jointly or in common with other persons. There are no unauthorised types of investment, but it is important to know whether the type of investment chosen was appropriate to the trust on the basis of the ‘standard investment criteria’. This chapter examines the types of investment permitted by the general law, a breach of the duty to invest with appropriate care, the significance of modern portfolio theory to trustee investments and the impact of the Trustee Act 2000 upon trustee investments. It also looks at the historical need for income production and discusses capital gains as investment returns, the standard investment criteria, the need for trustees to obtain and consider proper advice about investments, particular types of investment and investment policy.

14. Investment

2019 ◽  
pp. 320-343
Author(s):  
Gary Watt
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
General Law ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
The Impact

Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. Part II of the Trustee Act 2000 gives every trustee the power to make any kind of investment as long as he is absolutely entitled to the assets of the trust, a power that permits trustees to hold investments jointly or in common with other persons. There are no unauthorised types of investment, but it is important to know whether the type of investment chosen was appropriate to the trust on the basis of the ‘standard investment criteria’. This chapter examines the types of investment permitted by the general law, a breach of the duty to invest with appropriate care, the significance of modern portfolio theory to trustee investments and the impact of the Trustee Act 2000 upon trustee investments. It also looks at the historical need for income production and discusses capital gains as investment returns, the standard investment criteria, the need for trustees to obtain and consider proper advice about investments, particular types of investment and investment policy.

21. Applications: prisoners’ rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 433-447
Author(s):  
Howard Davis
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Self Test ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domestic Law

Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. It discusses European Convention law and relates it to domestic law under the HRA. Questions, discussion points, and thinking points help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress and knowledge can be tested by self-test questions and exam questions at the chapter end. This chapter considers the application of Convention rights in the field of prisoners’ rights; the impact of Convention rights on prisoners in the UK is considered. Prisoners remain within the protection of the European Convention on Human Rights, though the application of these rights will take their position into account. Prisoners’ rights include not only rights to the non-arbitrary loss of liberty (Article 5) and rights to fair procedures (Articles 5 and 6), but also not to be disproportionately denied the rights and freedoms in Articles 8–11. Imprisonment deprives individuals of their liberty and, therefore, is a public function for which the state is responsible under the Convention. The controversy over prisoners’ right to vote is discussed in Chapter 25.

Computational Investing

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Javier Vidal-García ◽  
Marta Vidal ◽  
Rafael Hernandez Barros
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
Value Investing ◽  
The Right

Investing means using funds to start a venture or acquire part of an existing one in hopes that in time the business will accrue profits for the entrepreneur. Often, entrepreneurs opt to purchase companies' stocks. To be able to select the right – profitable – stocks to buy, one requires knowledge of modern portfolio theory, computational investing, stock brokerage, mutual funds, bonds, value investing, how capital gains are taxed, how to trade stocks and options online, and how to use diversification to allocate online investments.

15. Breach of trust: defences and relief

2021 ◽  
pp. 341-365
Author(s):  
Gary Watt
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Fiduciary Duty ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
General Law ◽  
Key Points

Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. A trust must be duly administered in accordance with the provisions of the trust instrument, if any, and the general law. Similarly, a trustee should be liable for a dishonest breach of trust. Not every breach of trust is deliberate or dishonest. Liability may arise due to lack of care and other inadvertent breaches of trust, and even due to an essentially ‘technical’ or ‘formal’ breach of fiduciary duty. This chapter examines the extent of trustees’ civil liability for breach of trust, whether there might be a valid defence to a breach of trust and whether a trustee’s liability should be reduced by some form of relief. It looks at the remedies available against trustees for a breach of trust, a claimant’s election between inconsistent remedies, comparison with common law remedies, capital repayment, interest on the judgment, the Limitation Act 1980, the doctrine of laches, the beneficiary’s instigation of or consent to the breach and the beneficiary’s acquiescence in breach.

Computational Investing

2016 ◽  
pp. 236-252
Author(s):  
Javier Vidal-García ◽  
Marta Vidal ◽  
Rafael Hernandez Barros
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
Value Investing ◽  
The Right

Investing means using funds to start a venture or acquire part of an existing one in hopes that in time the business will accrue profits for the entrepreneur. Often, entrepreneurs opt to purchase companies' stocks. To be able to select the right – profitable – stocks to buy, one requires knowledge of modern portfolio theory, computational investing, stock brokerage, mutual funds, bonds, value investing, how capital gains are taxed, how to trade stocks and options online, and how to use diversification to allocate online investments.

15. Breach of trust: defences and relief

2019 ◽  
pp. 344-368
Author(s):  
Gary Watt
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Liability ◽  
Fiduciary Duty ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
General Law ◽  
Key Points

Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. A trust must be duly administered in accordance with the provisions of the trust instrument, if any, and the general law. Similarly, a trustee should be liable for a dishonest breach of trust. Not every breach of trust is deliberate or dishonest. Liability may arise due to lack of care and other inadvertent breaches of trust, and even due to an essentially ‘technical’ or ‘formal’ breach of fiduciary duty. This chapter examines the extent of trustees’ civil liability for breach of trust, whether there might be a valid defence to a breach of trust and whether a trustee’s liability should be reduced by some form of relief. It looks at the remedies available against trustees for a breach of trust, a claimant’s election between inconsistent remedies, comparison with common law remedies, capital repayment, interest on the judgment, the Limitation Act 1980, the doctrine of laches, the beneficiary’s instigation of or consent to the breach and the beneficiary’s acquiescence in breach.

scholarly journals The impact of cryptocurrency on the efficient frontier of emerging markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Karlo Ćosić ◽  
Anita Čeh Časni
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Portfolio Theory ◽  
Minimum Variance ◽  
Modern Portfolio Theory ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractCryptocurrencies are a sweltering topic in modern times of investment strategies. Since the cryptocurrency market is classified as an emerging market, in this paper a portfolio of emerging markets is compiled from the indices of four European Union (EU) countries and one cryptocurrency. The aim of this paper is to investigate how the incorporation of the Bitcoin cryptocurrency into the portfolio affects the performance of the portfolios of these countries. Moreover, by drawing an efficient frontier, the paper identifies where Bitcoin stands relative to other indices in the portfolio. The countries whose indices were used in the analysis are: Croatia, Hungary, Romania and Poland during the period from July 13, 2018 to June 07, 2019. The method used for an efficient frontier formation is Markowitz’s Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT). By applying this theory, the minimum variance portfolio at the efficient frontier was created for the portfolio with and without the cryptocurrency. The empirical analysis indicates that Bitcoin improves the effectiveness of the portfolio in emerging markets of the selected EU countries, where the expected risks of a portfolio that includes the cryptocurrency are smaller and with higher returns than those of portfolios without Bitcoin. From the Markowitz’s theory point of view, the results of the empirical analysis also indicate that Bitcoin is on the efficient frontier. Since all instruments on the efficient frontier according to the modern portfolio theory are efficient, it can be concluded that investments in such instruments depend on investor’s risk aversion.

The impact of cultural factors on attachment dynamics: a view from Irish society

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Michael O’Toole
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Seamus Heaney ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Irish Context ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this article I examine aspects of the relationship between mothers and sons from an attachment perspective in an Irish context. Through the works of Irish writers such as Seamus Heaney, John McGahern, and Colm Tóibín, I focus on particular aspects of this relationship, which fails to support the developmental processes of separation and individuation in the many men who come to me for psychotherapy. I illustrate key points concerning this attachment dynamic through the use of clinical examples of my work with two men from my practice. While acknowledging that many other cultural factors play a significant role in the emotional development of children, integrating the work of our poets, novelists, and scholars with an attachment perspective

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