scholarly journals Benefit distribution of social health insurance: evidence from china’s urban resident basic medical insurance

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 853-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Pan ◽  
Sen Tian ◽  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Urban Resident ◽  
Benefit Distribution ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical

Chinese residents’ educational disparity and social insurance coverage

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 746-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Han Lee ◽  
Timothy Chiang ◽  
Mack Shelley ◽  
Ching-Ti Liu
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical

Purpose The Chinese society has embraced rapid social reforms since the late twentieth century, including educational and healthcare systems. The Chinese Central Government launched an ambitious health reform program in 2009 to improve service quality and provide affordable health services, regardless of individual socio-economic status. Currently, the Chinese social health insurance includes Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance, Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance, and New Cooperative Medical Insurance for rural residents. The purpose of this paper is to measure the association between individual education level and China’s social health insurance scheme following the reform. Design/methodology/approach Using the latest (2011) China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data and multivariable logistic regression models with cross-sectional design (n=11,960), the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are reported. Findings The authors found that education is associated with all social health insurance schemes in China after the reform (p<0.001). Residents with higher educational attainments, such as technical school (OR: 6.64, 95% CI: 5.44–8.13) or university and above (OR: 9.86, 95% CI: 8.14–11.96), are associated with UEBMI, compared with lower-educated individuals. Practical implications The Chinese Central Government announced a plan to combine all social health insurance schemes by 2020, except UEBMI, a plan with the most comprehensive financial package. Further research is needed to investigate potential disparities after unification. Policy makers should continue to evaluate China’s universal health coverage and social disparity. Originality/value This study is the first to investigate the association between residents’ educational attainment and three social health insurance schemes following the 2009 health reform. The authors suggest that educational attainment is still associated with each social health insurance coverage after the ambitious health reform.

scholarly journals Benefit of China’s Social Health Insurance Schemes: Trend Analysis and Associated Factors Since Health Reform

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5672
Author(s):  
Wanyue Dong ◽  
Anthony B. Zwi ◽  
Ruhai Bai ◽  
Chi Shen ◽  
Jianmin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Insurance Reform ◽  
Health Insurance Reform ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical

With the deepening of health insurance reform in China, the integration of social health insurance schemes was put on the agenda. This paper aims to illustrate the achievements and the gaps in integration by demonstrating the trends in benefits available from the three social health insurance schemes, as well as the influencing factors. Data were drawn from the three waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2009, 2011, 2015) undertaken since health reforms commenced. χ2, Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Two-Part model were employed in the analysis. The overall reimbursement rate of the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) is higher than that of Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) or the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) (p < 0.001), but the gap has narrowed since health reform began in 2009. Both the outpatient and inpatient reimbursement amounts have increased through the URBMI and NRCMS. Illness severity, higher institutional level, and inpatient service were associated with significant increases in the amount of reimbursement received across the three survey waves. The health reform improved benefits covered by the URBMI and NRCMS, but gaps with the UEBMI still exist. The government should consider more the release of health benefits and how to lead toward healthcare equity.

Undiagnosed and Uncontrolled Chronic Conditions in China: Could Social Health Insurance Consolidation Make a Change?

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Lin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Cooperative Medical Scheme ◽  
Basic Medical

Policy makers in China are considering consolidating the country’s fragmented health insurance programs. This system consists of three components. The Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) covers formal employees, the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) covers rural residents, and the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) covers urban residents. Consolidation could, in theory, create a more efficient health system that is better able to address noncommunicable diseases. Using national survey data during 2011 to 2013, I found that 44% to 76% cases of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia went undiagnosed among Chinese adults aged 45 and older. I found that the UEBMI enrollees had a greater number of health checks and 10% higher rates of diagnosis. Assuming that this level of efficiency would be possible under an integrated system, I conducted microsimulation analyses to project future benefits. Such consolidation could result in 46.2 million new diagnoses, and 30.0 million of these cases would be controlled.

scholarly journals Patients’ preferences for health insurance coverage of new technologies for treating chronic diseases in China: a discrete choice experiment

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038051
Author(s):  
Jinsong Geng ◽  
Xiaowei Chen ◽  
Haini Bao ◽  
Danmin Qian ◽  
Yuting Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiment ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical

ObjectivesOur study aimed to inform insurance decision-making in China by investigating patients’ preferences for insurance coverage of new technologies for treating chronic diseases.DesignWe identified six attributes of new medical technologies for treating chronic diseases and used Bayesian-efficient design to generate choice sets for a discrete choice experiment (DCE). After conducting the DCE, we analysed the data by mixed logit regression to examine patient-reported preferences for each attribute.SettingThe DCE was conducted with patients in six tertiary hospitals from four cities in Jiangsu province.ParticipantsPatients aged 18 years or older with a history of diabetes or hypertension and taking medications regularly for more than 1 year were recruited (n=408).ResultsThe technology attributes regarding expected gains in health outcomes from the treatment, high likelihood of effective treatment and low incidence of serious adverse events were significant, positive predictors of choice by the study patients (p<0.01). The out-of-pocket cost was a significant, negative attribute for the entire study sample (β = −0.258, p<0.01) and for the patients with Urban-Rural Residents Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) (β = −0.511, p<0.01), but not for all the patients with Urban Employees Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) (β = −0.071, p>0.05). The severity of target disease was valued by patients with lower EQ-5D-5L index value as well as URRBMI enrollees.ConclusionsPatients highly valued the health benefits and risks of new technologies, which were closely linked to their feelings of disease and perceptions of health-related quality of life. However, there existed heterogeneity in preferences between URRBMI and UEBMI patients. Further efforts should be made to reduce the gap between insurance schemes and make safe and cost-effective new technologies as a priority for health insurance reimbursement.

scholarly journals Outpatient Visits among Older Adults Living Alone in China: Does Health Insurance and City of Residence Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4256
Author(s):  
Jianyun Wang ◽  
Yaolin Pei ◽  
Renyao Zhong ◽  
Bei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Basic Medical

This study aimed to examine the association between health insurance, city of residence, and outpatient visits among older adults living alone in China. A sample of 3173 individuals was derived from “Survey on Older Adults Aged 70 and Above Living Alone in Urban China” in five different cities. Logistic regression models indicated that older adults living alone who had urban employee basic medical insurance, urban resident basic medical insurance, and public medical insurance were more likely to have outpatient visits than those without any health insurance. After controlling the number of chronic diseases, only those with public medical insurance were more likely to have outpatient visits than uninsured older adults. Additionally, older adults who resided in Shanghai and Guangzhou were more likely to have outpatient visits than those in Chengdu, whereas older adults who were in Dalian and Hohhot were less likely to have outpatient visits. To improve the equity of outpatient visits among older adults living alone in China, policy efforts should be made to reduce fragmentation of different health insurance plans, expand the health insurance coverage for older adults, provide programs that consider the needs of this special group of older adults, and reduce the inequality in health resources and health insurance policies across cities.

scholarly journals Financial protection effects of private health insurance: experimental evidence from Chinese households with resident basic medical insurance

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-zhi Fu
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Basic Medical

Abstract Background After achieving universal basic medical insurance coverage, Chinese government put the development of private health insurance (PHI) on its agenda to further strengthen financial risk protection. This paper aims to assess the level of financial protection that PHI provides for its insured households on the basis of resident basic medical insurance (RBMI). Methods We employed balanced panel data collected between 2015 and 2017 from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS). Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and impoverishment due to health spending were applied to measure the financial protection effects. Random effects panel logistic regression model was performed to identify the factors associated with CHE and impoverishment among households covered by RBMI. In the robustness test, the method of propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to solve the problem of endogeneity. Results From 2015 to 2017, the CHE incidence increased from 12.96 to 14.68 % for all sampled households, while the impoverishment rate decreased slightly from 5.43 to 5.32 % for all sampled households. In 2015, the CHE incidence and impoverishment rate under RBMI + PHI were 4.53 and 0.72 %, respectively, which were lower than those under RBMI alone. A similar phenomenon was observed in 2017. Regression analysis also showed that the households with RBMI + PHI were significantly less likely to experience CHE (marginal effect: -0.054, 95 %CI: -0.075 to -0.034) and impoverishment (marginal effect: -0.049, 95 %CI: -0.069 to -0.028) compared to those with RBMI alone. The results were still robust after using PSM method to eliminate the effects of self-selection on the estimation results. Conclusions In the context of universal basic medical insurance coverage, the CHE incidence and impoverishment rate of Chinese households with RBMI were still considerably high in 2015 and 2017. PHI played a positive role in decreasing household financial risk on the basis of RBMI.

Abstract TP302: Health Insurance-Related Disparities in Management Patterns and In-Hospital Outcomes for Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Nationwide Trends Analysis of 2005-2015

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiu Gu ◽  
Chunjuan Wang ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Xinmaio Zhang ◽  
Xingquan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Composite Measures ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
Basic Medical Insurance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Basic Medical

Background and Purpose: China has made an impressive achievement in both the scale of coverage and the speed of expansion of its health insurance system, yet data regarding health insurance-related disparities in managements patents and in-hospital outcomes for ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (IS/TIA) are still limited. Methods: We used a two-stage random sampling method to create a nationally representative sample of patients in China hospitalized with IS/TIA in 2005, 2010, and 2015. Health insurance was limited in Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI), Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI), New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS), and self-payment. We used three composite measures to summarize the treatment and management for assessment tests, in-hospital treatments, and medication at discharge. In-hospital outcomes, including death, discharge against medical advice (DAMA), and a composite outcome of death or DAMA, were assessed. Results: Of the 23,389 analyzed patients, the percentage of self-payment patients decreased from 56.3% in 2005 to 9.4% in 2015. Composite measures showed no significant difference between insurance status for in-hospital treatments and medication at discharge, except for assessment tests. Compared to UEBMI, other insurance groups had a higher risk of DAMA and in-hospital mortality or DAMA. Nevertheless, the discrepancies become smaller from 2005 to 2015 (P for interaction < 0.0001) (Figure 1). Conclusions: Health insurance-related disparities exist in management patterns and in-hospital outcomes for ischemic cerebrovascular disease, nevertheless, the discrepancies become improved to some degree from 2005 to 2010.

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