scholarly journals Indications of a negative impact of herring on recruitment of Norway pout

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Huse ◽  
Are Salthaug ◽  
Morten D. Skogen
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
The North ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract Huse, G., Salthaug, A., and Skogen, M. D. 2008. Indications of a negative impact of herring on recruitment of Norway pout. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 906–911. The Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii) stock in the North Sea has experienced poor recruitment recently. Herring (Clupea harengus) has been suggested to be a major predator on fish larvae in the North Sea. We investigated possible interactions between herring and Norway pout using a simple statistical analysis and a modified stock–recruit relationship. There was a significant negative relationship (linear regression, r = −0.44, p < 0.05) between total herring biomass and recruitment of Norway pout. The spawning stock of Norway pout is typically dominated by 2-year-olds, and there was a strong negative relationship (linear regression, r = −0.79, p < 0.01) between herring biomass and Norway pout spawning-stock biomass (SSB) 2 years later. A Beverton–Holt model fitted to stock–recruit data of Norway pout produced a rather poor correlation (r2 = 0.04). However, when only the Norway pout SSB not overlapping with herring is considered, the fit between the model and the stock–recruit data improves (r2 = 0.31). The analyses indicate a negative impact by herring on recruitment of Norway pout, the most plausible cause for this being herring predation on Norway pout larvae, but field studies are needed to verify such predation.

scholarly journals Inaccuracies in routinely collected Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) maturity data and correction using a gonadosomatic index model

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 1477-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay R. McPherson ◽  
Konstantinos Ganias ◽  
C. Tara Marshall
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Index Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
The North Sea

Macroscopic maturity staging data are widely used to distinguish between reproductive and non-reproductive individuals. The implicit assumption is that these data are accurate. The accuracy of macroscopic maturity staging of North Sea herring (Clupea harengus) has not been checked since the macroscopic scale was produced in 1961. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of macroscopic maturity staging of female North Sea herring by comparison to histological staging and the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Ovary samples were collected during the North Sea Herring Acoustic Survey in 2006 on-board FRV ‘Scotia’ (Scotland) and in 2007 on-board FRV ‘Scotia’ and RV ‘Johan Hjort’ (Norway). Commercial samples were also collected by Marine Scotland, Aberdeen in both years. The maturity staging error was relatively low in 2006 (21% error) but was much higher on-board FRV ‘Scotia’ (57%) and RV ‘Johan Hjort’ (47%) in 2007. There was estimated to be a 27% under-estimation of the spawning stock biomass (SSB) in 2007 due to the differences in the proportion mature but no change in SSB estimates in 2006. GSI cut-off scores, estimated by means of multinomial regression models were successfully able to separate immature females from both mature-active and recovering females; however, there was some overlap between the mature-active and recovering individuals. We conclude that an effective and low-cost means of reducing error in herring maturity studies is the combined use of a four-point macroscopic maturity scale with routinely collected GSI data, the latter acting to validate and fine tune macroscopic staging.

scholarly journals Emergence of a new predator in the North Sea: evaluation of potential trophic impacts focused on hake, saithe, and Norway pout

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1370-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xochitl Cormon ◽  
Alexander Kempf ◽  
Youen Vermard ◽  
Morten Vinther ◽  
Paul Marchal
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Shift ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Indirect Impacts

Abstract During the last 15 years, northern European hake (Merluccius merluccius) has increased in abundance, and its spatial distribution has expanded in the North Sea region in correlation with temperature. In a context of global warming, this spatial shift could impact local trophic interactions: direct impacts may affect forage fish through modified predator–prey interactions, and indirect impacts may materialize through competition with other resident predators. For instance, North Sea saithe (Pollachius virens) spatial overlap with hake has increased while saithe spawning-stock biomass has decreased recently notwithstanding a sustainable exploitation. In this context, we investigated the range of potential impacts resulting from most recent hake emergence in the North Sea, with a particular focus on saithe. We carried out a multispecies assessment of North Sea saithe, using the Stochastic MultiSpecies (SMS) model. In addition to top-down processes already implemented in SMS, we built in the model bottom-up processes, relating Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii) abundance and saithe weight-at-age. We simulated the effects, on all North Sea species being considered but focusing on Norway pout and saithe, of combining different hake abundance trends scenarios with the inclusion of bottom-up processes in SMS. North Sea saithe FMSY was then evaluated in a multispecies context and contrasted with single-species value. The different scenarios tested revealed a negative impact of hake emergence on saithe biomass, resulting from an increase of predation pressure on Norway pout. These results confirm the competition assumption between saithe and hake in the North Sea and might partially explain the most recent decrease of saithe biomass. This study also highlighted that taking into account bottom-up processes in the stock assessment had a limited effect on the estimation of saithe FMSY which was consistent with single-species value.

scholarly journals Gadoid dynamics: differing perceptions when contrasting stock vs. population trends and its implications to management

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Holmes ◽  
Colin P. Millar ◽  
Robert J. Fryer ◽  
Peter J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Research Vessel ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Depth Contour ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Local Pressures

Recent research suggests that ICES stock definitions for cod, haddock, and whiting of “west of Scotland” and “North Sea”, do not reflect underlying population structures. As population responses to different vital rates and local pressures would be expected to lead to asynchrony in dynamics, we examined trends in local spawning-stock biomass (SSB) among putative subpopulations of the three species. Delineation of subpopulation boundaries around spawning time was made based on genetic, tagging, and otolith microchemistry studies together with density distributions of species based on research vessel survey data. Subpopulation specific indices of SSB were derived using numbers-at-age and maturity observations from the same research vessel data and asynchrony was assessed by fitting a smoother to log SSB for each subpopulation and testing whether the smooths were parallel. Results for cod support the hypothesis of distinct inshore and larger offshore subpopulations and for whiting for northern and southern North Sea subpopulations with a boundary associated with the 50 m depth contour. In haddock, no difference in SSB trends between the North Sea and west of Scotland was found. For cod and whiting, subpopulation SSB trends differed substantially within current stock assessment units, implying reported stock-based SSB time-series have masked underlying subpopulation trends.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ) recruitment in the North Sea for the past 455 years based on the δ 13 C from annual shell increments of the ocean quahog ( Arctica islandica )

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Estrella‐Martínez ◽  
Bernd R. Schöne ◽  
Ruth H. Thurstan ◽  
Elisa Capuzzo ◽  
James D. Scourse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Arctica Islandica ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

Vertical distributions of autumn spawned larval herring (Clupea harengus L.) in the North Sea

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1425-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Heath ◽  
K. Brander ◽  
P. Munk ◽  
P. Rankine
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
The North ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals North Sea herring (Clupea harengus L.) recruitment failure may be indicative of poor feeding success

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2026-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Mærsk Lusseau ◽  
Alejandro Gallego ◽  
Jens Rasmussen ◽  
Emma M. C. Hatfield ◽  
Mike Heath
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Feeding Success ◽  
Recruitment Failure ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract Recruitment of the 2002–2012 year classes to the North Sea herring stock has been below expectations given the spawning biomass, due to exceptionally low overwinter survival of larvae. Here, we investigate whether changes in survival of larvae in the northwestern North Sea could be attributed to changes in parasite prevalence or feeding conditions. We used a method that combined particle tracking models and survey data to estimate survival, and microscopic examination of gut contents of archived samples of larvae collected in February each year between 1995 and 2007 to investigate parasite prevalence and feeding. We deduced that we can use the incidence of tetraphyllidean parasites as an index of the cumulative feeding history of the larval population. We found that the prevalence of larvae of a tetraphyllidean cestode in the gut contents varied significantly between years and was positively correlated with feeding success. High feeding success, indicated by high prevalence of tetraphyllideans, influenced survival by offsetting the effect of a second parasite type, a digenean trematode. We suggest that variability in cumulative food intake over the lifespan up to February is a significant determinant of variability in survival.

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